Production of Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin in a bubble column fermentor

response to fractions that had previously reduced coronary band temperature values in cattle . Goats may be a suitable assay animal for leafing forage extracts via the i.p. igjection-videothermometry technique. (Authors' abstract) H. P. Kotest KouwMw, M., Ocwrw, T., Twxwttwsttr, Y ., Ntww, T . and Mwlsuuaw, F. (Laboratory of Marine Biochemistry, School of Fisheries Sciences, I{itasato University, Sanriku, Iwate 022-01, Japan) Gonyautoxin associated with RNA-containing fraction in the toxic scallop digestive gland. J. Bitxlum. 92, 103 (1982) . A raxroxtc high molecular substance associated with some paralytic shellfish poisons was separated by Sephadex G-SO gel filtration from the toxic digestiveglands of the scallop Patüropsrten yt~voensis fed the causative plankton Protogonyaulox tamarcrtsis. Unlike thecorresponding fraction from the nontoxic digestiveglands, the substance released gonysutoxins II and III on digestion with RNaae T,, suggesting that it is aaaodated with an RNA of P. tamarensis . It is possible that the toxification of scallop is partly due to the toxins already accumulated in Protogonyaulax cells, and partly due to incorporation of this precursor, which releases the toxins as a result of enzymic processes in the shellfish. (Authors' abstract) H. P. Kotest Nucor-wlEwstu, H. 1? ., RusrErtSwcH, S., MESEr., S. and tldpr~mrp , L. (Staatliches Institut für Immunpräparate und Nährmedien, 1120 Berlin, Klemmt-Gottwald-Alls 317-321, GDR) Production of Corynebartaium dlphthaiae toxin in a bubble column ftrmentor. J. Biol. Standardiz. 10, 109 (1982) . THE APPLICAHILITI Of a bubble column aupptied with pure oxygen for the large-scale production of the toxin of Corynebacterium diphthedae is reported . Toxin of purity up to 2200 Lf per mg of protein nitrogen has beta obtained routinely by trichloracetic add predpitation without additional purification steps. (Authors' abstract) H. P. Kot.M STwnEr., J. M. and LEFKOWITZ, R. J. (Howard Hughes Medical Institute Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Cardiology) and Biochemistry, Duke Univer~ty Medical Cmta, Durham, NC 27710, U.S .A .) Differential effects of cholera toxin on guanine nucleotide regulation of ß-adreaergic agoniat high affinity binding and adenylate cydaae activation in frog erythrocyte membranes. J. Cyclic Nudeotlde Res. 7, 363 (1981). Trmauwrm~m nudeotide regulatory pratc~n(a) regulates both adenylate cydase activity and the afflmty of edeaylate cydaat-coupled receptors for hormones or agonise drugs. Cholera toxin catalyzes the covaltat modifiation of the nudeotide regulatory protein of adenylate cydase sYstema. Incubation of frog erythrocyte membranes with cholera toxin and NAD' did not substantially alter the dose-dependency for guanine nudeotide activation of adeaylate cydase activity. In , taotmtreated membra»ea demoneuated a 10-fold inatasein the ooao~ationa of guanine nudeotide required for a half maximal effax in regulating beta adrtmergic receptor affinity for the agoniaf (t)['H]hydroxybenzyHsoproterenol. The data emphasisethe bifuactioml torture of theguanine nucleotide regulatory protein and suggest that distinct structural domains of theguaninenucleotide regulatory protdn may mediate the distinct regulatory effects on adenylate rydaae and receptor affinity for agonises . (Authors' abstract) H. P. Kor.st

MESS, D., Btei)rrttvo, F., PewFF, N. and Nt:UwINOER, H. D. (Zentrum tier Rechtamtdizdn, University of Frankfurt/Main, Frankfurt/Main, FRG) Preliminary studies on the chemical properties of the toxic principle from Diamphidia nigroornata larvae, a sours of Bushtttan arrow poison . 1. Ethnopharm~. 6, 1 (1982). THEBUSFatEN of southern Africa use the expressed contents of beetle larvae (Dlanephidia, Leb%stina and Anlydada spedes) as arrow poison. An aqueous extract of Dlamphidia nigroornata larvae was fractionated by gd filtration on Sephadex G-S0 . Two fractions wen obtained: one (A of high molecular weight which contains a protein of 60,000 mol. wt, and a low molecular weight fraction (In of non-protein salon. Both fractions proved to be lethal to mice: and r.n of 0.5-0 .95 (I) and 3.2-3 .5 (In mg/kg (intraperitoneal i~jxtion), reapecxively, was determined . The toxic principle of fraction I could be partly separated from the protein by ammonium sulfate predpitation followed by gel filtration . That of fraction II was further resolved into several subfractiona by gel filtration on Sephadex G-10 ; however, the lethal activity was compldely loaf during purification . In thin-layer chromatography the low molecular weight taxin(s) did not pact with reagents for steroids, alkaloids, sugars or terpenes, but showed a positive ninhydrin reaction . It is concluded that the toxic prindple of the Bushinessarrow poison is a highly labile, low molecular weight compound which is closely attached or boundto a protein protecting it from inactivation. (Authors' abstract) H. P. Kor.M