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Prognostic value of increased lung tumor tissue cathepsin B
130
Abstracts
/Lung
Cancer
with a central hypoactive focus, (3) ring-like uptake and (4) no uptake (negative uptake). Tumour necrosis was diagnosed in 12 patients based upon histopathology (n = 2) and density measurements and type of contrast enhancement on computed tomography (Cl’) scan (n = 12). Defective tumour uptake was seen in 11 of these patients on planar images (focal uptake with a central hypoactive focus, n = 7; ring-like uptake, n = 2; and no tmnour uptake, n = 2) and in 12 patients on SPET (focal uptake with a central hypoactive focus, n = 7, ring-like uptake, n = 3, and no uptake, n = 2). Hilar and mediastinal lymph node involvement was detected in ten patients on CT scan, nine on planar images and 11 on SPET. A total of 26 metastatic lymphnodes were detected on CT scan; 24 of these were seen on planar, and ah 26 on SPET images. SPET disclosed live further lymph nodes with metastasis, all of which were confnmed by histopathological examination of the surgical material (n = 3). The sensitivity in establishing the hilar and mediastinal disease was 90% on planar images, and 100% on SPET slices, but when the number of lymph nodes was taken into account, these values were 62% and lOO%, respectively. Also, brain memstases were detected with SPET in three patients. The results of quantitative analysis of tumour uptake did not differentiate between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. We conclude that se”Tc-sestamibi, particularly with SPET imaging, is potentially useful in the follow-up of patients with bronchial carcinoma by differentiating residual or recurrent disease from post-radiotherapy necrosis, and is as sensitive as CT scan in the detection of bilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis.
NSP-eocoded reticulons are neumendocrine markers of a novel category in human lung cancer diagnosis Vao de Velde I-UK, Senden NHM, RoskamsTAD, Brcers JLV, Ramaekera FCS, Rcebroek A.J.M et al. LaboratotyforMolecular Oncology, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven. Cancer Res 1994;54:4769-76. The NSP gene was recently shown to constitute the prototype of a novel gene family, to be selectively transcribed in neural and endocrine cells, and to encode three overlapping proteins, NSP-A, NSPB, and NSP-C. These proteins were collectively designated reticulons, because they were found to be anchored to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum through their common carboxy-terminal regions. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the retictdons might be used as markers for neurocndocrine differentiation in human lung tumors. Therefore, the tissue distribution of the NSP-A protein was studied and expression in human lung tumors was evaluated. Immunohistochemical analysis of normal tissues with monoclonaJ antibodies specifically recognizing the NSP-A protein indicated that NSP-A exhibits a distinct neurocndocrine distribution pattern since it was found to be expressed in a variety of ceils with an established neuroendocrine phenotype but not in cells lacking such features. Results with specimens of a wide variety of primary human tumors provided furlher support for this claim. Immunobistochemical analysis of primary lung carcinomas revealed that NSP-A was readily detectable in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLCa) (8 of 12) and carcinoid tumors of the lung (3 of 3) but not in nonneuroendocrine non-SCLCs (0 of 10). In 13 of 27 non-SCLCs expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule and/or neurofihament proteins, however, NSP-A was found to be expressed. Northern blot analysis of human lung carcinoma cell lines revealed expression ofNSPA and/or NSP-C-encoding mRNAs in all 18 SCLC cell lines that were studied, except one; however, no expression of these mRNAs could be detected in any of the 11 non-SCLC cell lines tested The NSP tmnscript encoding NSP- B was found only in SCLC cell line NCl-H82. In conclusion, the results of our studies suggest that, in lung tumor cells, expression of NSP-A and most likely also NSP-C is restricted to ~41~ with a neurocndocrine phenotype.
12 (1995)
113- I60
Pleural dissemination in non-small cell lung cancer: Results of radiological evaluation and surgical treatment Akaogi E, Mitsui K, Onizuka M, Ishikawa S, Tsukada H, Mitsui T. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305 J surg oncol 1994;57:33-9. The aims of this study are to evaluate the diagnostic ability of chest computed tomography (CT) in the early detection of pleural disease and to analyze the results of surgical treatment for lung cancer with pleural dissemination. Twenty-three non-small cell lung cancer patients with pleural dissemination, but without distant metastasis, underwent pleuropulmonary resection during the past 15 years. Chest CT scans were obtained preoperatively in 2 1 of those patients. In eight patients without pleural effusion, small pleural nodules, about 3-5 mm in size, were found in their chest CT. However, during surgery, small nodules were more frequently observed on the parietal pleura than on the visceral pleura in five of them. Therefore, early detection of the dissemination by chest CT seemed limited to only those of the visceral pleura. In the smvival cmve atIer resection, there was no difference among the patients with n2 disease, but there was a siguiticant difference between the patients without n2 disease and those with it (p < 0.05). The presence of n2 disease appeared to be a poor prognostic sign in this form of advanced lung cancer.
Prognostic value of incnxsed lung tumor tissue catbepsin B Ebert W, Knoch H, Werle B, Trefi G, M&y Th, Spiess E. Thoraxklinik der LVA Baden, Amalienstrasse 5, D-69126 Heidelberg-Rohrbach. Anticancer Res 1994:14:895-9. In the study of 65 matched pairs of lung tumor tissue and normal lung parenchyma, cathepsin B (CB) activity was found to be increased about 4.6-fold, when regarding median levels. CB activity was found to be insignificantly higher in adenocarcinoma compared to the other histologic cell types. CB levels did not correlate with tumor stages (TNM) nor with cell ditTerentiation, while increased CB activity was related to shorter survival rates of the patients. It is concluded that lung tumor CB is of some prognostic value for the outcome of the malignant disease.
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) in small cell lung cancer - A pmgnostic factor? Stiess J, Kiricuta IC, Mueller G, Bohndorf W. Klinik fur Strahlentherapie, Universitat Wumburg, Joseph-Schneider-Strasse II. D-97080 Wurzbuq Tumor Diagn Tber 1994;15:128-33. One hundred and thirthy-three unselected patients with small ceil cancer of the lung were retrospectively analyzed. They were consecutively treated between January 1985 and December 1990 in the Department of Radiation Oncology of the University of Wuerzburg. An analysis was performed of 25 patients presenting with superior vena cava syndrom (SVCS) in comparison to 108 patients without SVCS to answer the following questions: 1. Which are the patients characteristics? 2. What kind of melastatic disease was developed? 3. What kind of treatment did these. patients receive and how did they respond to it? 4. What was the prognosis of these patients? The patients with SVCS were treated as follows: 16% only by irradiation and 16% only by chemotherapy, and 64% received a combined radiochemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 10.5 months (0.3 to 77.5 months). The primary tumor was located in the right lung in 92% of patients with SVCS. 48%wem stagedas ‘limiteddisease’. 52%ofpatientstith SVCS had distant disease at primary diagnosis. 64% developed distant metastasis during the course of disease. The patients characteristics for cases with and without SVCS were quite similar. 90% of the SVCS-
Abstracts
/Lung
Cancer
with a central hypoactive focus, (3) ring-like uptake and (4) no uptake (negative uptake). Tumour necrosis was diagnosed in 12 patients based upon histopathology (n = 2) and density measurements and type of contrast enhancement on computed tomography (Cl’) scan (n = 12). Defective tumour uptake was seen in 11 of these patients on planar images (focal uptake with a central hypoactive focus, n = 7; ring-like uptake, n = 2; and no tmnour uptake, n = 2) and in 12 patients on SPET (focal uptake with a central hypoactive focus, n = 7, ring-like uptake, n = 3, and no uptake, n = 2). Hilar and mediastinal lymph node involvement was detected in ten patients on CT scan, nine on planar images and 11 on SPET. A total of 26 metastatic lymphnodes were detected on CT scan; 24 of these were seen on planar, and ah 26 on SPET images. SPET disclosed live further lymph nodes with metastasis, all of which were confnmed by histopathological examination of the surgical material (n = 3). The sensitivity in establishing the hilar and mediastinal disease was 90% on planar images, and 100% on SPET slices, but when the number of lymph nodes was taken into account, these values were 62% and lOO%, respectively. Also, brain memstases were detected with SPET in three patients. The results of quantitative analysis of tumour uptake did not differentiate between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. We conclude that se”Tc-sestamibi, particularly with SPET imaging, is potentially useful in the follow-up of patients with bronchial carcinoma by differentiating residual or recurrent disease from post-radiotherapy necrosis, and is as sensitive as CT scan in the detection of bilar and mediastinal lymph node metastasis.
NSP-eocoded reticulons are neumendocrine markers of a novel category in human lung cancer diagnosis Vao de Velde I-UK, Senden NHM, RoskamsTAD, Brcers JLV, Ramaekera FCS, Rcebroek A.J.M et al. LaboratotyforMolecular Oncology, Center for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven. Cancer Res 1994;54:4769-76. The NSP gene was recently shown to constitute the prototype of a novel gene family, to be selectively transcribed in neural and endocrine cells, and to encode three overlapping proteins, NSP-A, NSPB, and NSP-C. These proteins were collectively designated reticulons, because they were found to be anchored to membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum through their common carboxy-terminal regions. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the retictdons might be used as markers for neurocndocrine differentiation in human lung tumors. Therefore, the tissue distribution of the NSP-A protein was studied and expression in human lung tumors was evaluated. Immunohistochemical analysis of normal tissues with monoclonaJ antibodies specifically recognizing the NSP-A protein indicated that NSP-A exhibits a distinct neurocndocrine distribution pattern since it was found to be expressed in a variety of ceils with an established neuroendocrine phenotype but not in cells lacking such features. Results with specimens of a wide variety of primary human tumors provided furlher support for this claim. Immunobistochemical analysis of primary lung carcinomas revealed that NSP-A was readily detectable in small cell lung carcinoma (SCLCa) (8 of 12) and carcinoid tumors of the lung (3 of 3) but not in nonneuroendocrine non-SCLCs (0 of 10). In 13 of 27 non-SCLCs expressing the neural cell adhesion molecule and/or neurofihament proteins, however, NSP-A was found to be expressed. Northern blot analysis of human lung carcinoma cell lines revealed expression ofNSPA and/or NSP-C-encoding mRNAs in all 18 SCLC cell lines that were studied, except one; however, no expression of these mRNAs could be detected in any of the 11 non-SCLC cell lines tested The NSP tmnscript encoding NSP- B was found only in SCLC cell line NCl-H82. In conclusion, the results of our studies suggest that, in lung tumor cells, expression of NSP-A and most likely also NSP-C is restricted to ~41~ with a neurocndocrine phenotype.
12 (1995)
113- I60
Pleural dissemination in non-small cell lung cancer: Results of radiological evaluation and surgical treatment Akaogi E, Mitsui K, Onizuka M, Ishikawa S, Tsukada H, Mitsui T. Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305 J surg oncol 1994;57:33-9. The aims of this study are to evaluate the diagnostic ability of chest computed tomography (CT) in the early detection of pleural disease and to analyze the results of surgical treatment for lung cancer with pleural dissemination. Twenty-three non-small cell lung cancer patients with pleural dissemination, but without distant metastasis, underwent pleuropulmonary resection during the past 15 years. Chest CT scans were obtained preoperatively in 2 1 of those patients. In eight patients without pleural effusion, small pleural nodules, about 3-5 mm in size, were found in their chest CT. However, during surgery, small nodules were more frequently observed on the parietal pleura than on the visceral pleura in five of them. Therefore, early detection of the dissemination by chest CT seemed limited to only those of the visceral pleura. In the smvival cmve atIer resection, there was no difference among the patients with n2 disease, but there was a siguiticant difference between the patients without n2 disease and those with it (p < 0.05). The presence of n2 disease appeared to be a poor prognostic sign in this form of advanced lung cancer.
Prognostic value of incnxsed lung tumor tissue catbepsin B Ebert W, Knoch H, Werle B, Trefi G, M&y Th, Spiess E. Thoraxklinik der LVA Baden, Amalienstrasse 5, D-69126 Heidelberg-Rohrbach. Anticancer Res 1994:14:895-9. In the study of 65 matched pairs of lung tumor tissue and normal lung parenchyma, cathepsin B (CB) activity was found to be increased about 4.6-fold, when regarding median levels. CB activity was found to be insignificantly higher in adenocarcinoma compared to the other histologic cell types. CB levels did not correlate with tumor stages (TNM) nor with cell ditTerentiation, while increased CB activity was related to shorter survival rates of the patients. It is concluded that lung tumor CB is of some prognostic value for the outcome of the malignant disease.
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) in small cell lung cancer - A pmgnostic factor? Stiess J, Kiricuta IC, Mueller G, Bohndorf W. Klinik fur Strahlentherapie, Universitat Wumburg, Joseph-Schneider-Strasse II. D-97080 Wurzbuq Tumor Diagn Tber 1994;15:128-33. One hundred and thirthy-three unselected patients with small ceil cancer of the lung were retrospectively analyzed. They were consecutively treated between January 1985 and December 1990 in the Department of Radiation Oncology of the University of Wuerzburg. An analysis was performed of 25 patients presenting with superior vena cava syndrom (SVCS) in comparison to 108 patients without SVCS to answer the following questions: 1. Which are the patients characteristics? 2. What kind of melastatic disease was developed? 3. What kind of treatment did these. patients receive and how did they respond to it? 4. What was the prognosis of these patients? The patients with SVCS were treated as follows: 16% only by irradiation and 16% only by chemotherapy, and 64% received a combined radiochemotherapy. The median follow-up time was 10.5 months (0.3 to 77.5 months). The primary tumor was located in the right lung in 92% of patients with SVCS. 48%wem stagedas ‘limiteddisease’. 52%ofpatientstith SVCS had distant disease at primary diagnosis. 64% developed distant metastasis during the course of disease. The patients characteristics for cases with and without SVCS were quite similar. 90% of the SVCS-