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Progress on aligned carbon nanotube arrays
Abstracts / Carbon 45 (2007) 3060–3064
macropores of the samples could be controlled by adjusting the starch content, and the carbon yield was increased from 24% to 37% for method A and to 44% for method B. The volume expansion during the carbonization was also suppressed. A smaller particle size and narrow size distribution (average particle diameter is 5 nm, average particle diameter deviation is 0.9 nm) were obtained by method B, compared to method A (average particle diameter is 5.5 nm, average particle diameter deviation is 1.8 nm). [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):253–8] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.023
Preparation of mesophase pitch based mesoporous carbons using an imprinting method Ying Liu, liang Zhan, Rui Zhang, Wen-ming Qiao, Xiaoyi Liang, Li-cheng Ling State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China Mesoporous carbons (MCs) were prepared by an imprinting method, using mesophase pitch and nanometer colloidal silica solution as carbon precursors and pore generators, respectively. The effects of the type of mesophase pitch, the imprinting temperature, and the silica content on the porous properties of MCs were investigated. It was found that the pore size distributions of MCs were similar irrespective of the imprinting temperature and the amount of silica used because of the imprinting mechanism. The mesopore volume of MCs increased with an increasing amount of silica. There existed an optimum imprinting temperature slightly higher than the softening point of the mesophase pitch used. Easy imprinting was found for naphthalene based mesophase pitch with a low softening point and fine average particle size as compared with a coal based mesophase pitch. Mesoporous carbons were provided with a specific surface area and a total pore volume of 482 m2/g and 1.62 cm3/g, respectively.
3063
Conversion of Xiaolongtan lignite to activated carbon was conducted in a semi-continuous supercritical water (SCW) reactor. The effects of temperature (600–700 °C), pressure (0.1–30 MPa) and KOH loading (mass fraction 0–15%) were investigated. The coal conversion, iodine number and BET surface area of the activated carbon increase with temperature, and the meso-pore formation is also enhanced at relatively higher temperatures. Compared with steam activation at ambient pressure at the same temperature, SCW activation yields activated carbon with an excellent adsorption and develops mesopores. When the activation pressure increase from 0.1 MPa to 25 MPa at 650 °C, the BET surface area and meso-pore ratio increase by 74% and 38%, respectively. The activated carbon has a BET surface area of 825 m2/g with the addition of 10 wt% KOH in lignite as catalyst. Moreover, the ash content of the activated carbon is lower than mass fraction 2% after washing with dilute HCl. [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):264–70] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.025
Progress on aligned carbon nanotube arrays Fei Wei, Qiang Zhang, Wei-Zhong Qian, Guang-Hui Xu, Rong Xiang, Qian Wen, Yao Wang, Guo-Hua Luo Beijing Key laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Current research advances on CNT arrays are reviewed with an emphasis on synthesis. The growth mechanism, structure modulation and mass production of CNT arrays are also discussed. Various applications of the as-grown CNT arrays, CNT yarns and dispersed CNTs from the arrays in a composite, strength enhancement and functional devices are also summarized. It is pointed that the research trend on CNT arrays should be emphasized for the large scale production of CNT arrays and their applications. [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):271–82]
[New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):259–63] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.026 doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.024
Activated carbon production from lignite in supercritical water Le-ming Cheng a,b, Wei Jiang a,b, Rong Zhang a, Ji-cheng Bi a
A brief overview on the Carbon 2007 conference Chang Liu, Hui-ming Cheng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
a
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
The International Carbon Conference, Carbon 2007, was held in Seattle, USA, hosted by the American Carbon Society and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, during July 15–20, 2007. About 430 attendees participated in the
macropores of the samples could be controlled by adjusting the starch content, and the carbon yield was increased from 24% to 37% for method A and to 44% for method B. The volume expansion during the carbonization was also suppressed. A smaller particle size and narrow size distribution (average particle diameter is 5 nm, average particle diameter deviation is 0.9 nm) were obtained by method B, compared to method A (average particle diameter is 5.5 nm, average particle diameter deviation is 1.8 nm). [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):253–8] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.023
Preparation of mesophase pitch based mesoporous carbons using an imprinting method Ying Liu, liang Zhan, Rui Zhang, Wen-ming Qiao, Xiaoyi Liang, Li-cheng Ling State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China Mesoporous carbons (MCs) were prepared by an imprinting method, using mesophase pitch and nanometer colloidal silica solution as carbon precursors and pore generators, respectively. The effects of the type of mesophase pitch, the imprinting temperature, and the silica content on the porous properties of MCs were investigated. It was found that the pore size distributions of MCs were similar irrespective of the imprinting temperature and the amount of silica used because of the imprinting mechanism. The mesopore volume of MCs increased with an increasing amount of silica. There existed an optimum imprinting temperature slightly higher than the softening point of the mesophase pitch used. Easy imprinting was found for naphthalene based mesophase pitch with a low softening point and fine average particle size as compared with a coal based mesophase pitch. Mesoporous carbons were provided with a specific surface area and a total pore volume of 482 m2/g and 1.62 cm3/g, respectively.
3063
Conversion of Xiaolongtan lignite to activated carbon was conducted in a semi-continuous supercritical water (SCW) reactor. The effects of temperature (600–700 °C), pressure (0.1–30 MPa) and KOH loading (mass fraction 0–15%) were investigated. The coal conversion, iodine number and BET surface area of the activated carbon increase with temperature, and the meso-pore formation is also enhanced at relatively higher temperatures. Compared with steam activation at ambient pressure at the same temperature, SCW activation yields activated carbon with an excellent adsorption and develops mesopores. When the activation pressure increase from 0.1 MPa to 25 MPa at 650 °C, the BET surface area and meso-pore ratio increase by 74% and 38%, respectively. The activated carbon has a BET surface area of 825 m2/g with the addition of 10 wt% KOH in lignite as catalyst. Moreover, the ash content of the activated carbon is lower than mass fraction 2% after washing with dilute HCl. [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):264–70] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.025
Progress on aligned carbon nanotube arrays Fei Wei, Qiang Zhang, Wei-Zhong Qian, Guang-Hui Xu, Rong Xiang, Qian Wen, Yao Wang, Guo-Hua Luo Beijing Key laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Current research advances on CNT arrays are reviewed with an emphasis on synthesis. The growth mechanism, structure modulation and mass production of CNT arrays are also discussed. Various applications of the as-grown CNT arrays, CNT yarns and dispersed CNTs from the arrays in a composite, strength enhancement and functional devices are also summarized. It is pointed that the research trend on CNT arrays should be emphasized for the large scale production of CNT arrays and their applications. [New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):271–82]
[New Carbon Materials 2007;22(3):259–63] doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.026 doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2007.09.024
Activated carbon production from lignite in supercritical water Le-ming Cheng a,b, Wei Jiang a,b, Rong Zhang a, Ji-cheng Bi a
A brief overview on the Carbon 2007 conference Chang Liu, Hui-ming Cheng Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
a
State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan 030001, China b Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
The International Carbon Conference, Carbon 2007, was held in Seattle, USA, hosted by the American Carbon Society and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, during July 15–20, 2007. About 430 attendees participated in the