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Properties of rock masses in research and engineering practice
1A
Geomechanics Abstracts General i.
MDZHZH~qIN, VM SMIRNOV, AF Determination of cohesion in a rock mass. 2F,2T,5R. SOVIET MIN. SCI.Vg, N3, MAY-JUNE, 1973, P2~I-245. The use of a modified method of inverse calculations, based on data of natural and induced cavings, is illustrated for the determination of cohesion in a rock mass ° 2.
M[ffT~,L TECHN .P~DCHSCH.INST. BODENMECH. KARLSRUHE, D Rock mass behaviour - determination and application in engineering practice .-Report . In Advances in Rock Mechanics VI,PartA.-In ~glish, French and Ger~,u. 12F,24R. PROC .3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.ROCK MECH.SEPT.197~, DE~VER, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I .VI,PART A,197~, P205-239. A critical review of the state of knowledge on the behaviour of rock masses, as distinct from rock substance, is presented. The difficulties of assessing the combined influence of different parameters on the behav~our of rock masses, and the applicability of different methods for testing rock mass behaviour, are discussed. The necessity and importance of constant measurements for controlling the stability and safe performance of rock structures is stressed. The use of deformation, instead of stress, as a stability criterion for such structures is recommended. 3o
SAVKIN,~M MALIN,VA YAEDV ITSKAYA, GE Determination of the resistivity and dielectric constant of a rock mass by radio-wave methods. 4F,2R. SOVIET MIN.SC I.V9, N3,MAY- JUNE, 1974, P31h-318.
4. JOHN, KW UNIV .RUHR, BOCHUM, D Properties of rock masses in research and engineering practlee.-Report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VI,Part A - In English, French and German. PRDC.3RD CONGRESS INT. SOC .ROCK MECH.SEPT.1974, DENVER, USA, NAT .ACAD. SC I .VI, PART A,1974, P173-186. In determlrzhug engineering properties of rock masses in connection with tunnels and slopes input data generally represents more severe problems than the methods of analysis. To maintain rock mechanics long-term relevancy in engineering the gap between theory and practice needs to be narrowed. It is reco~ended that state-of-art papers or courses should be more actively promoted, together with a closer collaboration between academicians and practitioners in rock mechanics research. Auth. 5=
GOOI~,R UNIV. C A L I F . B ~ , USA The mechanical properties of Joints.-Report_in
Advances in Rock Mechanics Vl, Part A. 17F,79R. PROC.3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.BOCK MECH.SEPT.1974, D~V~R, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I .VI, PART A,197~,PI27-172. This article deals with the mechanical ~roperties of Joints as individual components, whose properties can be used for input into an explicit model study or computational analysis of an entire rock mass. Joint s a ~ . llng, triaxial tests on Joints, direct shear tests, field shear tests and the use of case histories are discussed. Normal and shear deformation of Joints, the mechanism of dilatancy, and peak shear strength are reviewed in full and the role of water in Joints is briefly discussed.
6. ~ E L L , MD DEPT. ~ G Y ,MINES, RES .OTTAWA, CDN HERGET, G DEPT. ~]~GY, MINES, RES .OTTAWA, CDN SAGE, R DEPT. ENERGY, MINESI RES .OTTAWA, CDN Mechanical properties of rocks and rock masses-Report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VIpPart A. In ~ugllsh, Franch and German. IF,29R. PROC.3RD.CONGRESS INT.SOC.BOCK MECH.SEPT.1974, D~V~,US~,NAT.ACAD.SCI.VI,PART A,197h,P101-125. The report reviews rock properties of use in the design of underground and surface workings - especially underground mining design; for which it is possible, using rock mechanlcs, to predict zones of excess stresses and deformation; pit slope design - using shear testing; and foundation design which uses deformation predictions.
7. BERNAIX, J BUR. INGENIEURS. CONSEILS, PAR IS, F Properties of rock and rock ~ s e s - General report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VljPart A.-In ~glish, French and German. 57F,34R. PROC.3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.ROCK MECH.SEPT.1974, DH~V~, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I.VI, PART A,1974,P9-97. The report deals with the mechanical properties of rock and rock masses, especially deformation mad strength as determined by fissures. The report is divided into four sections. A - Numerical description of fissures; B . Mechanical behaviour of fissured systenm; C - Mechanical behaviour of rock material; D - Mechanical behaviour of large rock masses. Fissuration can be quantified through second order parameters, which are variations in the simple measurements of first order parameters such as permeability, sound velocity and C O ~ e s s i v e strength. Fissure reaction mechanhSsms are investigated using m~dels, covering plane fissures to fissures with random asperities and sound bonds. This reveals the determining effect of dilatancy and wedging on crack initiation and propag~t. ion. Pock behaviour is analysed with reference to these basic mechanisms and it is found that, under some confining stresses, fissures deveiop gradually under load from stable to unstable. At the same time, strain becomes compressive,failure ultimately resulting in collapse° Fore water, time, anisotropy and scale effects are described.
Companies,institutes and laboratories 8,
CENT .MIN. INST. Central Mining Institute I Katowice. Annual Report for 1973. Figs,Tabls. CENTRAL MINING INST.KATOWICE, POLAND, DEC .1973,91P. This report consists of over fifty short contributions, by different authors reviewing current research into
Geomechanics Abstracts General i.
MDZHZH~qIN, VM SMIRNOV, AF Determination of cohesion in a rock mass. 2F,2T,5R. SOVIET MIN. SCI.Vg, N3, MAY-JUNE, 1973, P2~I-245. The use of a modified method of inverse calculations, based on data of natural and induced cavings, is illustrated for the determination of cohesion in a rock mass ° 2.
M[ffT~,L TECHN .P~DCHSCH.INST. BODENMECH. KARLSRUHE, D Rock mass behaviour - determination and application in engineering practice .-Report . In Advances in Rock Mechanics VI,PartA.-In ~glish, French and Ger~,u. 12F,24R. PROC .3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.ROCK MECH.SEPT.197~, DE~VER, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I .VI,PART A,197~, P205-239. A critical review of the state of knowledge on the behaviour of rock masses, as distinct from rock substance, is presented. The difficulties of assessing the combined influence of different parameters on the behav~our of rock masses, and the applicability of different methods for testing rock mass behaviour, are discussed. The necessity and importance of constant measurements for controlling the stability and safe performance of rock structures is stressed. The use of deformation, instead of stress, as a stability criterion for such structures is recommended. 3o
SAVKIN,~M MALIN,VA YAEDV ITSKAYA, GE Determination of the resistivity and dielectric constant of a rock mass by radio-wave methods. 4F,2R. SOVIET MIN.SC I.V9, N3,MAY- JUNE, 1974, P31h-318.
4. JOHN, KW UNIV .RUHR, BOCHUM, D Properties of rock masses in research and engineering practlee.-Report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VI,Part A - In English, French and German. PRDC.3RD CONGRESS INT. SOC .ROCK MECH.SEPT.1974, DENVER, USA, NAT .ACAD. SC I .VI, PART A,1974, P173-186. In determlrzhug engineering properties of rock masses in connection with tunnels and slopes input data generally represents more severe problems than the methods of analysis. To maintain rock mechanics long-term relevancy in engineering the gap between theory and practice needs to be narrowed. It is reco~ended that state-of-art papers or courses should be more actively promoted, together with a closer collaboration between academicians and practitioners in rock mechanics research. Auth. 5=
GOOI~,R UNIV. C A L I F . B ~ , USA The mechanical properties of Joints.-Report_in
Advances in Rock Mechanics Vl, Part A. 17F,79R. PROC.3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.BOCK MECH.SEPT.1974, D~V~R, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I .VI, PART A,197~,PI27-172. This article deals with the mechanical ~roperties of Joints as individual components, whose properties can be used for input into an explicit model study or computational analysis of an entire rock mass. Joint s a ~ . llng, triaxial tests on Joints, direct shear tests, field shear tests and the use of case histories are discussed. Normal and shear deformation of Joints, the mechanism of dilatancy, and peak shear strength are reviewed in full and the role of water in Joints is briefly discussed.
6. ~ E L L , MD DEPT. ~ G Y ,MINES, RES .OTTAWA, CDN HERGET, G DEPT. ~]~GY, MINES, RES .OTTAWA, CDN SAGE, R DEPT. ENERGY, MINESI RES .OTTAWA, CDN Mechanical properties of rocks and rock masses-Report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VIpPart A. In ~ugllsh, Franch and German. IF,29R. PROC.3RD.CONGRESS INT.SOC.BOCK MECH.SEPT.1974, D~V~,US~,NAT.ACAD.SCI.VI,PART A,197h,P101-125. The report reviews rock properties of use in the design of underground and surface workings - especially underground mining design; for which it is possible, using rock mechanlcs, to predict zones of excess stresses and deformation; pit slope design - using shear testing; and foundation design which uses deformation predictions.
7. BERNAIX, J BUR. INGENIEURS. CONSEILS, PAR IS, F Properties of rock and rock ~ s e s - General report. In Advances in Rock Mechanics VljPart A.-In ~glish, French and German. 57F,34R. PROC.3RD CONGRESS INT.SOC.ROCK MECH.SEPT.1974, DH~V~, USA, NAT. ACAD. SC I.VI, PART A,1974,P9-97. The report deals with the mechanical properties of rock and rock masses, especially deformation mad strength as determined by fissures. The report is divided into four sections. A - Numerical description of fissures; B . Mechanical behaviour of fissured systenm; C - Mechanical behaviour of rock material; D - Mechanical behaviour of large rock masses. Fissuration can be quantified through second order parameters, which are variations in the simple measurements of first order parameters such as permeability, sound velocity and C O ~ e s s i v e strength. Fissure reaction mechanhSsms are investigated using m~dels, covering plane fissures to fissures with random asperities and sound bonds. This reveals the determining effect of dilatancy and wedging on crack initiation and propag~t. ion. Pock behaviour is analysed with reference to these basic mechanisms and it is found that, under some confining stresses, fissures deveiop gradually under load from stable to unstable. At the same time, strain becomes compressive,failure ultimately resulting in collapse° Fore water, time, anisotropy and scale effects are described.
Companies,institutes and laboratories 8,
CENT .MIN. INST. Central Mining Institute I Katowice. Annual Report for 1973. Figs,Tabls. CENTRAL MINING INST.KATOWICE, POLAND, DEC .1973,91P. This report consists of over fifty short contributions, by different authors reviewing current research into