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Proposed subway at Pittsburgh
374
Le#mauu:
[J. F. i..
f r o m the n i t r o g e n c o m p o u n d by a g i t a t i o n with c h l o r o f o r m which dissolves the f o r m e r at once, but acts only slowly on t h e latter. T h e y find, h o w e v e r , t h a t c h l o r o f o r m slowly d e c o m poses the n i t r o g e n c o m p o u n d . T h e c o n v e n i e n c e of the test and the ease with which t h e r e a g e n t s can be o b t a i n e d will give it value in clinical and sanitary chemistry. Precipitant for Potassium.--Alvarez (C.r. 14o (19o5) I I 8 6 ) finds t h a t the p h o t o g r a p h i c d e v e l o p e r , c o m m o n l y called " e i k o n o g e n " (a s o d i u m n a p h t h o l s u l p h o n a t e ) forms a s p a r i n g l y soluble p o t a s s i u m salt. A five per cent. solution of the e i k o n o g e n in w a t e r is used as a r e a g e n t . This solution m u s t be freshly m a d e as it d e c o m p o s e s in a few hours. T h e precipitate is in colorless plates and is also liable to d e c o m p o s i t i o n . Test for Cane Sugar in Milk Sugar.--I h a v e f o u n d t h a t the r e a c t i o n with sesame oil and h y d r o c h l o r i c acid is a s a t i s f a c t o r y test for sucrose in lactose, b e i n g b e t t e r t h a n c a r b o n i z a t i o n with sulphuric acid. T h e t e s t is applied by m i x i n g a b o u t I c.c. each of s e s a m e oil and s t r o n g h y d r o c h l o r i c acid, a d d i n g a b o u t 0. 5 g r a m of the same t o be t e s t e d , s h a k i n g actively for a few m o m e n t s and t h e n allowing t h e liquid to stand for t h i r t y minutes. As little as o n e p e r cent. of s u c r o s e can be d e t e c t e d , b u t for such quantity, it m a y b e n e c e s s a r y t o allow the liquid t o stand for a l o n g e r time. S u c r o s e can be easily d e t e c t e d in milk-products, and the test will be applicable to the d e t e c t i o n of t h e c o m p a r a t i v e l y new " c r e a m - t h i c k e n e r " consisting of calcium o x i d and sucrose. I a m s t u d y i n g the applicability of the test to o t h e r c a r b o h y d r a t e m i x t u r e s .
PROPOSED SUBWAY AT PITTSBURGH. A number of capitalists of Pittsburgh, among whom is F. T. F. Love joy, formerly Secretary of the Carnegie Steel Company, have organized the Pittsburgh Subway Company and have asked the councils of that city for a franchise to build a complete system of subway and surface traction lines from the downtown section in Pittsburgh through the East End and Wilkinsburg. The estimated cost of the subway and traction lines is given as $30,ooo,oo0, and the projectors promise to push. work as fast as possible. At present traffic through the Pittsburgh downtown districts to the East End is very much congested and is steadily growing worse, owing to the rapidity with which the outlying districts near Pittsburgh are building up.
Iron Age.
Le#mauu:
[J. F. i..
f r o m the n i t r o g e n c o m p o u n d by a g i t a t i o n with c h l o r o f o r m which dissolves the f o r m e r at once, but acts only slowly on t h e latter. T h e y find, h o w e v e r , t h a t c h l o r o f o r m slowly d e c o m poses the n i t r o g e n c o m p o u n d . T h e c o n v e n i e n c e of the test and the ease with which t h e r e a g e n t s can be o b t a i n e d will give it value in clinical and sanitary chemistry. Precipitant for Potassium.--Alvarez (C.r. 14o (19o5) I I 8 6 ) finds t h a t the p h o t o g r a p h i c d e v e l o p e r , c o m m o n l y called " e i k o n o g e n " (a s o d i u m n a p h t h o l s u l p h o n a t e ) forms a s p a r i n g l y soluble p o t a s s i u m salt. A five per cent. solution of the e i k o n o g e n in w a t e r is used as a r e a g e n t . This solution m u s t be freshly m a d e as it d e c o m p o s e s in a few hours. T h e precipitate is in colorless plates and is also liable to d e c o m p o s i t i o n . Test for Cane Sugar in Milk Sugar.--I h a v e f o u n d t h a t the r e a c t i o n with sesame oil and h y d r o c h l o r i c acid is a s a t i s f a c t o r y test for sucrose in lactose, b e i n g b e t t e r t h a n c a r b o n i z a t i o n with sulphuric acid. T h e t e s t is applied by m i x i n g a b o u t I c.c. each of s e s a m e oil and s t r o n g h y d r o c h l o r i c acid, a d d i n g a b o u t 0. 5 g r a m of the same t o be t e s t e d , s h a k i n g actively for a few m o m e n t s and t h e n allowing t h e liquid to stand for t h i r t y minutes. As little as o n e p e r cent. of s u c r o s e can be d e t e c t e d , b u t for such quantity, it m a y b e n e c e s s a r y t o allow the liquid t o stand for a l o n g e r time. S u c r o s e can be easily d e t e c t e d in milk-products, and the test will be applicable to the d e t e c t i o n of t h e c o m p a r a t i v e l y new " c r e a m - t h i c k e n e r " consisting of calcium o x i d and sucrose. I a m s t u d y i n g the applicability of the test to o t h e r c a r b o h y d r a t e m i x t u r e s .
PROPOSED SUBWAY AT PITTSBURGH. A number of capitalists of Pittsburgh, among whom is F. T. F. Love joy, formerly Secretary of the Carnegie Steel Company, have organized the Pittsburgh Subway Company and have asked the councils of that city for a franchise to build a complete system of subway and surface traction lines from the downtown section in Pittsburgh through the East End and Wilkinsburg. The estimated cost of the subway and traction lines is given as $30,ooo,oo0, and the projectors promise to push. work as fast as possible. At present traffic through the Pittsburgh downtown districts to the East End is very much congested and is steadily growing worse, owing to the rapidity with which the outlying districts near Pittsburgh are building up.
Iron Age.