- Email: [email protected]
Public and Patient Knowledge About Dental Implants
Accepted Manuscript Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants George Deeb, DDS, MD, Bryan Wheeler, DMD, Margaret Jones, BS, Caroline Carrico, PhD, Daniel Laskin, DDS, MS, Janina Golob Deeb, DMD, MS PII:
S0278-2391(17)30342-7
DOI:
10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.024
Reference:
YJOMS 57714
To appear in:
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Received Date: 14 December 2016 Revised Date:
15 March 2017
Accepted Date: 15 March 2017
Please cite this article as: Deeb G, Wheeler B, Jones M, Carrico C, Laskin D, Golob Deeb J, Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.024. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants
RI PT
George Deeb DDS, MD1 Bryan Wheeler DMD2, Margaret Jones BS3, Caroline Carrico, PhD4, Daniel Laskin, DDS,MS5 , Janina Golob Deeb, DMD, MS6
1
Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 2
SC
Chief Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 3
Student, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
4
M AN U
Assistant Professor, Department of Research Administration. Virginia Commonwealth University. Richmond VA. 5
Professor Emeritus, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 6
AC C
EP
TE D
Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants ABSTRACT
RI PT
PURPOSE: The more informed a patient is about a given procedure, the better the ultimate outcome. This study was designed to compare general public awareness and knowledge regarding oral implant treatment with that of patients presenting for such treatment and to determine the sources from which they may have obtained such information and its accuracy.
M AN U
SC
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, two groups of patients were asked to complete a questionnaire containing implant knowledge questions and questions regarding any sources they may have used to obtain information about dental implants. Group I consisted of patients presenting for treatment of a dental emergency (general population group) and Group II consisted of patients presenting for an implant consultation. The Chi-squared test was used to determine if there were differences in knowledge and information source between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 126 adult patients (76 dental emergency patients and 50 implant consult patients) participated in the study. The general population group was less informed about
TE D
dental implants, especially as it relates to implant material and longevity, and received information from less reliable sources than patients presenting for implant screening (friends and relatives vs primary dentist). Both groups reported cost of the procedure as a primary barrier to receiving implants (89 and 90%).
INTRODUCTION
EP
CONCLUSION: There is still a need for continued education of the general public regarding dental implants.
AC C
Dental implants are becoming increasingly commonplace in clinical practice as the ‘gold standard’ for replacing missing teeth. However, the general public is often uninformed or misinformed regarding who to consult for such treatment, the costs involved, as well as the procedures performed and the proper aftercare. Understanding what patients know about dental implants and where their knowledge comes from is important for translation into improved clinical care. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients presenting for consultation regarding the placement of dental implants are more knowledgeable than members of the general public, if the information they have regarding dental implants is correct, and the sources they may have used to obtain their information. It was hypothesized that whereas patients presenting for implant treatment will be relatively well-informed about the procedure, those in the general public will be less knowledgeable. PATIENTS AND METHODS 1
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
M AN U
SC
RI PT
A brief institutional review board-approved questionnaire (Figure 1) was administered between March and September, 2016 to two groups of individuals. Group I consisted of randomly selected new patients presenting to the emergency clinic at the Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Dentistry, a population without plans to receive dental implants, and Group II consisted of patients presenting for implant screening at the school’s Dental Implant Clinic. In both situations the survey was completed in a private setting before the patient was seen by the doctor. Participation in the survey was voluntary and refusal to participate did not affect subsequent treatment. Summary statistics for each group were calculated and the responses were compared based on education level, gender, and whether the person was having an implant placed using the chi-squared test. The outcome variables were the responses to the various implant knowledge questions and the predictor variables were group (implant or emergency) and demographics (age, gender, education). The results were tabulated and analyzed using SAS EG v6.1 software, with a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
EP
TE D
A total of 126 questionnaires were completed. There were 50 participants in Group I (control group presenting for a dental emergency) and 76 participants in Group II (presenting for an implant consult). Respondent demographics are presented in Table 1. There was a representative sample of both males and females in both groups (54% female, 46% male in Group I; 41% female, 59% male in Group II). The ages ranged from 1865+ years, with Group II having more respondents in the oldest age groups (pvalue=0.0004). A variety of educational backgrounds was seen in both groups, but Group II had more respondents with some college or a college degree whereas Group I had more with a high school education (p-value=0.0085). As expected, group I also had a significantly lower percent with previous implant experience (8 vs 20%, p-value=0.0459).
AC C
Table 2 contains the overall responses to each of the questions about implant knowledge and sources of information. There were significant differences in responses between Group I and Group II for four of the seven questions. A majority of respondents in both groups had heard of dental implants (76% of general population vs 94% of implant patients), although, as expected, there were significantly more in the implant group (p-value=0.0104). There were also significant differences between the two groups in terms of sources of information (p-value=0.0143). Those in the Group II were more likely to report their dentist as their primary source of information regarding implants (54 vs 22%) whereas respondents in the Group I were more likely to select family/relatives for information (39 vs 22%). While 70% of those in the Group II identified titanium as the material for implants, 60% of Group I identified porcelain (p-value<0.0001). The two groups also differed in their response regarding the longevity of implants (p-value=0.0273). Respondents in Group I (controls) tended to select shorter lifespans than Group II (implant group); specifically, 49% of Group II selected 20+ years compared to only 31% of Group I.
2
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
RI PT
The two groups did not differ on questions regarding hygiene, factors that influence getting an implant, and who is the most qualified to place implants. Both groups predominantly responded that implants would require the same dental hygiene as a natural tooth (94 vs 88%). Both also reported the most important factor for not getting an implant would be the cost of the procedure (89 and 90%). Oral-maxillofacial surgeons were most often selected as best qualified to place implants by both groups (88 vs 72%).
SC
Gender and education level were also associated with differences in responses. Females were more likely to report using the internet as a source of information about implants (30 vs 15%, P-value=0.0354). Additionally, those with a college education or higher were more likely to report using dentists (47 vs 23%) and the internet (33 vs 15%) and significantly less likely to report using television (9 vs 27%) as a sources of information. Those with high school education or less were more likely to report fear and not wanting a foreign object in their body as factors influencing their decision not to get an implant (17 vs 4%).
TE D
M AN U
DISCUSSION The successful implant experience involves patients not only having an understanding of the procedure involved, but also being aware of the importance of their role in such things as postoperative care and maintenance of proper oral hygiene. The treating doctor plays an important part in seeing that such information is provided to the patient (1, 2). However, the more informed the patient is prior to being treated, the more likely these issues will receive proper attention. Thus, it is essential that the treating doctor not only has some idea of the prior knowledge that patients who come seeking implants have, but also the accuracy of that information. It is also important that the doctor has some idea of the factors that may cause patients to reject the idea of implant placement. This study has attempted to address some of these issues by comparing patients presenting for a screening appointment for dental implants with a group of patients not seeking implants.
AC C
EP
It was evident from this study that a large percentage of people are now aware of implants as a means of replacing missing teeth, however, the fact that 25% of Group I respondents were unaware of this indicates that there is still a need for greater education of the general public. There is also a significant difference in where informed people got their information about implants. The largest number of respondents in Group II generally received their information from a dentist whereas the primary source for Group I was friends or relatives. The latter group also relied more on television than did Group II. This has also been reported in other studies (24). These sources of information could be the reason why fewer Group I respondents correctly answered two of the three knowledge questions on the questionnaire, and this means that treating doctors will have to spend more time on correctly educating such persons should they become implant patients. Although the choices on the questionnaire were limited, it is evident that cost is a major factor in why patients may decide not to have implants (3, 5). The fact that the participants in this study were a dental school population, individuals who often seek such care for economic reasons, may have contributed to this finding. However, cost is still an issue that needs to be addressed.
3
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
RI PT
In addition to the cross-sectional nature of this study, another limitation of this study was the use of dental school emergency patients as representatives of the general population. This could potentially have positively influenced some of the answers to questions about implant awareness and knowledge and concerns about implant cost because they were also in the process of seeking dental care. However, the fact that they were less informed about implants and correctly answered fewer knowledge questions than Group II would indicate that this was not a significant factor. It is clear that there is still a need to continue educating the general public about dental implants and that dental providers need to reinforce this information. CONCLUSION
M AN U
SC
Although this study showed that patients presenting for dental implants generally are better informed than the general public, the fact that even in this group some were less knowledgeable than others indicates that there is still a need for public education.
REFERENCES:
1. Zimmer CM , Zimmer WM, Williams J, Liesener J. Public awareness and acceptance of 1
dental implants. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants. 7:228-32, 1992. 2. Pommer B , Zechner W, Watzak G, Ulm C, Watzek G, Tepper G. Progress and trends
TE D
1
in patients' mindset on dental implants. I: level of information, sources of information and need for patient information. Clin Oral Implants Res. 22:223-9, 2011 3. Al-Johany S , Al Zoman HA, Al Juhaini M, Al Refeai M. Dental patients' awareness and
EP
1
knowledge in using dental implants as an option in replacing missing teeth: A
AC C
survey in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent. J. 22:183-8, 2010. 4. Ozçak r Tomruk C , Ozkurt-Kayahan Z , Sençift K Patients knowledge and awareness 1
2
1.
of dental implants in a Turkish subpopulation. J. Adv. Prosthodont. 6:133-7, 2014.
5. Suprakesh B, Ahammed ARY, Thareja A, Kandadwamy R, Kumar N, Bhondwe S. Knowledge and Attitude of Patients toward Dental Implants as an Option for Replacement of Missing Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract. 14:115-118, 2013.
4
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Table 1: Demographics for Survey Respondents n, % Non-Implant 29, 41% 42, 59% 5
18-24 25-29 30-34 34-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65+ No response
0, 0% 1, 2% 0, 0% 2, 4% 3, 6% 4, 8% 6, 12% 7, 14% 13, 27% 13, 27% 1
8, 11% 12, 16% 8, 11% 0, 0% 9, 12% 7, 9% 4, 5% 10, 13% 6, 8% 12, 16%
10, 20%
6, 8%
0.0459
4, 8% 15, 30% 14, 28% 14, 28% 3, 6%
2, 3% 41, 54% 13, 17% 9, 12% 11, 14%
0.0085
Education Level
AC C
EP
TE D
Grade school High school Some college College degree Advanced or professional degree *P-value from chi-squared test
M AN U
Previous Implant
0.0004
SC
Age
P-value* 0.1896
RI PT
Female Male No response
Implant 22, 54% 19, 46% 9
Gender
1
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Table 2: Summary of Responses to Survey Questions
Question Have you ever heard of Implants?
Implant Group
11, 22% 27, 54% 15, 30% 7, 14% 3, 6%
M AN U
SC
Where did you get most of your information about dental implants?* Friends/Relatives My Dentist Internet Television Newspaper or Magazine
P-value
58, 76% 18, 24%
0.0104
29, 38% 17, 22% 15, 20% 16, 21% 2, 3%
0.0143
RI PT
Yes 46, 94% No 3, 6%
NonImplant Group
What material are dental implants made from?
Porcelain Stainless Steel Titanium Ceramic Unknown
6, 14% 4, 9% 30, 70% 3, 7% 0, 0%
41, 60% 8, 12% 11, 16% 3, 4% 5, 7%
<0.0001
Less than 5 Years 5-10 Years 10-20 Years 20+ Years Unknown
0, 0% 11, 22% 14, 29% 24, 49% 0, 0%
7, 10% 19, 28% 16, 24% 21, 31% 4, 6%
0.0273
Yes 44, 94% No 3, 6%
59, 88% 8, 12%
0.3226
61, 90% 4, 6% 3, 4%
0.2373
55, 72% 12, 16% 5, 7% 9, 12% 8, 11%
0.0587
TE D
How long do you think dental implants last?
EP
Do dental implants require the same hygiene?
AC C
Most important factor when deciding to have a dental implant placed? Cost of the procedure 42, 89% Fear of operation 5, 11% Do not like a foreign object placed in my body 0, 0% Who do you think is the most qualified to place implants?* Oral surgeons 44, 88% Prosthodontists 9, 18% Periodontists 15, 30% Cosmetic dentists 5, 10% General dentists 3, 6%
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT IMPLANT KNOWLEDGE SURVEY
Male: _____ Female: _____
Age: _____
Highest level of education: Some college _____
Advanced or professional degree _____
High school _____
College degree _____
Have you ever had a dental implant placed? Yes _____ No _____ If you answered NO, please answer the following question Have you ever heard of dental implants? Yes _____ No _____
SC
If you answered Yes, please answer the following questions:
RI PT
Grade school _____
M AN U
1. Where did you get most of your information about dental implants (select all answers that apply) Friends or relatives _____ My dentist _____ The internet _____ Television _____ Newspaper or magazine _____
TE D
2. What material are dental implants made from? Porcelain _____ Stainless steel _____ Titanium _____ Ceramic _____
EP
3. How long do you think dental implants last? Less than 5 years _____ 5-10 years _____ 10-20 years _____ More than 20 years _____
AC C
4. Do implants require the same brushing and flossing as natural teeth? Yes _____ No _____ 5. Which of the following would be the most important factor in your deciding not to have a dental implant placed if you had a missing tooth? The cost of the procedure _____ Fear of the operation _____ I would not like a foreign object placed in my body _____ 6. Which of the following practitioners do you think are most qualified to place dental implants? Oral surgeons _____ Prosthodontists (dentists who specialize in making dentures) _____ Periodontists (dentists who specialize in treating gum diseases) _____ Cosmetic dentists _____ General practice dentists _____
S0278-2391(17)30342-7
DOI:
10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.024
Reference:
YJOMS 57714
To appear in:
Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Received Date: 14 December 2016 Revised Date:
15 March 2017
Accepted Date: 15 March 2017
Please cite this article as: Deeb G, Wheeler B, Jones M, Carrico C, Laskin D, Golob Deeb J, Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.03.024. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants
RI PT
George Deeb DDS, MD1 Bryan Wheeler DMD2, Margaret Jones BS3, Caroline Carrico, PhD4, Daniel Laskin, DDS,MS5 , Janina Golob Deeb, DMD, MS6
1
Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 2
SC
Chief Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 3
Student, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
4
M AN U
Assistant Professor, Department of Research Administration. Virginia Commonwealth University. Richmond VA. 5
Professor Emeritus, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA 6
AC C
EP
TE D
Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond VA
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Public and Patient Knowledge about Dental Implants ABSTRACT
RI PT
PURPOSE: The more informed a patient is about a given procedure, the better the ultimate outcome. This study was designed to compare general public awareness and knowledge regarding oral implant treatment with that of patients presenting for such treatment and to determine the sources from which they may have obtained such information and its accuracy.
M AN U
SC
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, two groups of patients were asked to complete a questionnaire containing implant knowledge questions and questions regarding any sources they may have used to obtain information about dental implants. Group I consisted of patients presenting for treatment of a dental emergency (general population group) and Group II consisted of patients presenting for an implant consultation. The Chi-squared test was used to determine if there were differences in knowledge and information source between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 126 adult patients (76 dental emergency patients and 50 implant consult patients) participated in the study. The general population group was less informed about
TE D
dental implants, especially as it relates to implant material and longevity, and received information from less reliable sources than patients presenting for implant screening (friends and relatives vs primary dentist). Both groups reported cost of the procedure as a primary barrier to receiving implants (89 and 90%).
INTRODUCTION
EP
CONCLUSION: There is still a need for continued education of the general public regarding dental implants.
AC C
Dental implants are becoming increasingly commonplace in clinical practice as the ‘gold standard’ for replacing missing teeth. However, the general public is often uninformed or misinformed regarding who to consult for such treatment, the costs involved, as well as the procedures performed and the proper aftercare. Understanding what patients know about dental implants and where their knowledge comes from is important for translation into improved clinical care. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients presenting for consultation regarding the placement of dental implants are more knowledgeable than members of the general public, if the information they have regarding dental implants is correct, and the sources they may have used to obtain their information. It was hypothesized that whereas patients presenting for implant treatment will be relatively well-informed about the procedure, those in the general public will be less knowledgeable. PATIENTS AND METHODS 1
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
M AN U
SC
RI PT
A brief institutional review board-approved questionnaire (Figure 1) was administered between March and September, 2016 to two groups of individuals. Group I consisted of randomly selected new patients presenting to the emergency clinic at the Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) School of Dentistry, a population without plans to receive dental implants, and Group II consisted of patients presenting for implant screening at the school’s Dental Implant Clinic. In both situations the survey was completed in a private setting before the patient was seen by the doctor. Participation in the survey was voluntary and refusal to participate did not affect subsequent treatment. Summary statistics for each group were calculated and the responses were compared based on education level, gender, and whether the person was having an implant placed using the chi-squared test. The outcome variables were the responses to the various implant knowledge questions and the predictor variables were group (implant or emergency) and demographics (age, gender, education). The results were tabulated and analyzed using SAS EG v6.1 software, with a significance level of 0.05.
RESULTS
EP
TE D
A total of 126 questionnaires were completed. There were 50 participants in Group I (control group presenting for a dental emergency) and 76 participants in Group II (presenting for an implant consult). Respondent demographics are presented in Table 1. There was a representative sample of both males and females in both groups (54% female, 46% male in Group I; 41% female, 59% male in Group II). The ages ranged from 1865+ years, with Group II having more respondents in the oldest age groups (pvalue=0.0004). A variety of educational backgrounds was seen in both groups, but Group II had more respondents with some college or a college degree whereas Group I had more with a high school education (p-value=0.0085). As expected, group I also had a significantly lower percent with previous implant experience (8 vs 20%, p-value=0.0459).
AC C
Table 2 contains the overall responses to each of the questions about implant knowledge and sources of information. There were significant differences in responses between Group I and Group II for four of the seven questions. A majority of respondents in both groups had heard of dental implants (76% of general population vs 94% of implant patients), although, as expected, there were significantly more in the implant group (p-value=0.0104). There were also significant differences between the two groups in terms of sources of information (p-value=0.0143). Those in the Group II were more likely to report their dentist as their primary source of information regarding implants (54 vs 22%) whereas respondents in the Group I were more likely to select family/relatives for information (39 vs 22%). While 70% of those in the Group II identified titanium as the material for implants, 60% of Group I identified porcelain (p-value<0.0001). The two groups also differed in their response regarding the longevity of implants (p-value=0.0273). Respondents in Group I (controls) tended to select shorter lifespans than Group II (implant group); specifically, 49% of Group II selected 20+ years compared to only 31% of Group I.
2
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
RI PT
The two groups did not differ on questions regarding hygiene, factors that influence getting an implant, and who is the most qualified to place implants. Both groups predominantly responded that implants would require the same dental hygiene as a natural tooth (94 vs 88%). Both also reported the most important factor for not getting an implant would be the cost of the procedure (89 and 90%). Oral-maxillofacial surgeons were most often selected as best qualified to place implants by both groups (88 vs 72%).
SC
Gender and education level were also associated with differences in responses. Females were more likely to report using the internet as a source of information about implants (30 vs 15%, P-value=0.0354). Additionally, those with a college education or higher were more likely to report using dentists (47 vs 23%) and the internet (33 vs 15%) and significantly less likely to report using television (9 vs 27%) as a sources of information. Those with high school education or less were more likely to report fear and not wanting a foreign object in their body as factors influencing their decision not to get an implant (17 vs 4%).
TE D
M AN U
DISCUSSION The successful implant experience involves patients not only having an understanding of the procedure involved, but also being aware of the importance of their role in such things as postoperative care and maintenance of proper oral hygiene. The treating doctor plays an important part in seeing that such information is provided to the patient (1, 2). However, the more informed the patient is prior to being treated, the more likely these issues will receive proper attention. Thus, it is essential that the treating doctor not only has some idea of the prior knowledge that patients who come seeking implants have, but also the accuracy of that information. It is also important that the doctor has some idea of the factors that may cause patients to reject the idea of implant placement. This study has attempted to address some of these issues by comparing patients presenting for a screening appointment for dental implants with a group of patients not seeking implants.
AC C
EP
It was evident from this study that a large percentage of people are now aware of implants as a means of replacing missing teeth, however, the fact that 25% of Group I respondents were unaware of this indicates that there is still a need for greater education of the general public. There is also a significant difference in where informed people got their information about implants. The largest number of respondents in Group II generally received their information from a dentist whereas the primary source for Group I was friends or relatives. The latter group also relied more on television than did Group II. This has also been reported in other studies (24). These sources of information could be the reason why fewer Group I respondents correctly answered two of the three knowledge questions on the questionnaire, and this means that treating doctors will have to spend more time on correctly educating such persons should they become implant patients. Although the choices on the questionnaire were limited, it is evident that cost is a major factor in why patients may decide not to have implants (3, 5). The fact that the participants in this study were a dental school population, individuals who often seek such care for economic reasons, may have contributed to this finding. However, cost is still an issue that needs to be addressed.
3
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
RI PT
In addition to the cross-sectional nature of this study, another limitation of this study was the use of dental school emergency patients as representatives of the general population. This could potentially have positively influenced some of the answers to questions about implant awareness and knowledge and concerns about implant cost because they were also in the process of seeking dental care. However, the fact that they were less informed about implants and correctly answered fewer knowledge questions than Group II would indicate that this was not a significant factor. It is clear that there is still a need to continue educating the general public about dental implants and that dental providers need to reinforce this information. CONCLUSION
M AN U
SC
Although this study showed that patients presenting for dental implants generally are better informed than the general public, the fact that even in this group some were less knowledgeable than others indicates that there is still a need for public education.
REFERENCES:
1. Zimmer CM , Zimmer WM, Williams J, Liesener J. Public awareness and acceptance of 1
dental implants. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Implants. 7:228-32, 1992. 2. Pommer B , Zechner W, Watzak G, Ulm C, Watzek G, Tepper G. Progress and trends
TE D
1
in patients' mindset on dental implants. I: level of information, sources of information and need for patient information. Clin Oral Implants Res. 22:223-9, 2011 3. Al-Johany S , Al Zoman HA, Al Juhaini M, Al Refeai M. Dental patients' awareness and
EP
1
knowledge in using dental implants as an option in replacing missing teeth: A
AC C
survey in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi Dent. J. 22:183-8, 2010. 4. Ozçak r Tomruk C , Ozkurt-Kayahan Z , Sençift K Patients knowledge and awareness 1
2
1.
of dental implants in a Turkish subpopulation. J. Adv. Prosthodont. 6:133-7, 2014.
5. Suprakesh B, Ahammed ARY, Thareja A, Kandadwamy R, Kumar N, Bhondwe S. Knowledge and Attitude of Patients toward Dental Implants as an Option for Replacement of Missing Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract. 14:115-118, 2013.
4
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Table 1: Demographics for Survey Respondents n, % Non-Implant 29, 41% 42, 59% 5
18-24 25-29 30-34 34-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65+ No response
0, 0% 1, 2% 0, 0% 2, 4% 3, 6% 4, 8% 6, 12% 7, 14% 13, 27% 13, 27% 1
8, 11% 12, 16% 8, 11% 0, 0% 9, 12% 7, 9% 4, 5% 10, 13% 6, 8% 12, 16%
10, 20%
6, 8%
0.0459
4, 8% 15, 30% 14, 28% 14, 28% 3, 6%
2, 3% 41, 54% 13, 17% 9, 12% 11, 14%
0.0085
Education Level
AC C
EP
TE D
Grade school High school Some college College degree Advanced or professional degree *P-value from chi-squared test
M AN U
Previous Implant
0.0004
SC
Age
P-value* 0.1896
RI PT
Female Male No response
Implant 22, 54% 19, 46% 9
Gender
1
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT
Table 2: Summary of Responses to Survey Questions
Question Have you ever heard of Implants?
Implant Group
11, 22% 27, 54% 15, 30% 7, 14% 3, 6%
M AN U
SC
Where did you get most of your information about dental implants?* Friends/Relatives My Dentist Internet Television Newspaper or Magazine
P-value
58, 76% 18, 24%
0.0104
29, 38% 17, 22% 15, 20% 16, 21% 2, 3%
0.0143
RI PT
Yes 46, 94% No 3, 6%
NonImplant Group
What material are dental implants made from?
Porcelain Stainless Steel Titanium Ceramic Unknown
6, 14% 4, 9% 30, 70% 3, 7% 0, 0%
41, 60% 8, 12% 11, 16% 3, 4% 5, 7%
<0.0001
Less than 5 Years 5-10 Years 10-20 Years 20+ Years Unknown
0, 0% 11, 22% 14, 29% 24, 49% 0, 0%
7, 10% 19, 28% 16, 24% 21, 31% 4, 6%
0.0273
Yes 44, 94% No 3, 6%
59, 88% 8, 12%
0.3226
61, 90% 4, 6% 3, 4%
0.2373
55, 72% 12, 16% 5, 7% 9, 12% 8, 11%
0.0587
TE D
How long do you think dental implants last?
EP
Do dental implants require the same hygiene?
AC C
Most important factor when deciding to have a dental implant placed? Cost of the procedure 42, 89% Fear of operation 5, 11% Do not like a foreign object placed in my body 0, 0% Who do you think is the most qualified to place implants?* Oral surgeons 44, 88% Prosthodontists 9, 18% Periodontists 15, 30% Cosmetic dentists 5, 10% General dentists 3, 6%
ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT IMPLANT KNOWLEDGE SURVEY
Male: _____ Female: _____
Age: _____
Highest level of education: Some college _____
Advanced or professional degree _____
High school _____
College degree _____
Have you ever had a dental implant placed? Yes _____ No _____ If you answered NO, please answer the following question Have you ever heard of dental implants? Yes _____ No _____
SC
If you answered Yes, please answer the following questions:
RI PT
Grade school _____
M AN U
1. Where did you get most of your information about dental implants (select all answers that apply) Friends or relatives _____ My dentist _____ The internet _____ Television _____ Newspaper or magazine _____
TE D
2. What material are dental implants made from? Porcelain _____ Stainless steel _____ Titanium _____ Ceramic _____
EP
3. How long do you think dental implants last? Less than 5 years _____ 5-10 years _____ 10-20 years _____ More than 20 years _____
AC C
4. Do implants require the same brushing and flossing as natural teeth? Yes _____ No _____ 5. Which of the following would be the most important factor in your deciding not to have a dental implant placed if you had a missing tooth? The cost of the procedure _____ Fear of the operation _____ I would not like a foreign object placed in my body _____ 6. Which of the following practitioners do you think are most qualified to place dental implants? Oral surgeons _____ Prosthodontists (dentists who specialize in making dentures) _____ Periodontists (dentists who specialize in treating gum diseases) _____ Cosmetic dentists _____ General practice dentists _____