- Email: [email protected]
Pyrolysis treatment of a material and an apparatus for producing filamentary material
ing material on to the tips of the fibres or whiskers of a substrate. Provision is m a d e to support the substrate so it can be withdrawn in the form of a strand and with means for electrostatically c h a r g i n g the parts of the fibres going into the chamber so these are separated and individually exposed to the vapour. Carbon, boron carbide. silicon carbide and other fibres are produced in this way. See also UK Pat. 1 271 292-4. Improvements in the treatment of glass fibres
(Fibreglass Ltd) UK Pat. 1271500 (19,4pr 1972) Glass fibres are rendered compatible with epoxy resins by coating with an epoxy resin copolymer of an unsaturated silane compound and a.n unsaturated organic monomer containing an epoxy resin reactive group. Composites are produced which show excellent water resistance and improved environmental ageing in terms of residual mechanical strength. An improved method and apparatus for the treatment of filamentary material
Zbrzezniak, J. (Morganite Rg~D Ltd] UK Pat. 1 271 502 (19 A p t 1972) A filamentary thread is maintained under tension while pyrolysed T h e thread is delivered lengthwise to be wound in spaced convolutions r o u n d a ca~e formed by three rollers the rotational axes of which are oblique to the longitudinal axis of the cage and positively rotating at least one of the rollers so as to draw the thread a r o u n d the cage in a helical path the thread convolutions extending in contact with and on the surface of each roller transversely to the rotational axis and substantially tangentially from roller to roller. Pyrolysis treatment of a material and an apparatus for producing filamentary material
Blood-Smyth, G. (Morganite RR:D Ltd) UK Pat. 1 271 503 (19 Apr 1972) A method is described of accommodating contraction and expansion while m a i n t a i n i n g longitudinal tension of filamentary material during pyrolysis. T h e material is wound on a roll ot variable circumference and applied to the reel a gravitational load tending to increase the circumference so that the contraction of the material tending to reduce the real circumference is opposed by the load and expansion of the material. This permits increase of real circumference tinder load thus maintaining the material under tension. Produclion of carbon yarns
Rulison, R. N. (Celanese Corp) UK Pat. l 271 538 (19 Apr 1972) Predominantly polyacrylonitrile yarn is converted to carbon yarn by preoxidation followed by pyrolysis, which consists of passing the yarn before the preoxidation step through a bath containing finely divided carbon the rate of travel being that it picks up
0.5-20% of its weight of the carbon and then continuously drying the yarn. Improvement in and relating to the forming of the cross-sections of seamless asbestos cement pipe
(Fulgerit-Werke Seelze und Eichriede in Luthe Bei Hannox;er Adolf Oesterheld) UK Pat. 1 271 557 (19 Apr 1972) T h e cross-section of seamless asbestos pipe is achieved by inserting into the pipe an apparatus containing many transversely movable members with ressure between each, the apparatus aving a smaller cross-section than that fihally desired. Pressure is applied to the members and the pipe exp.affded until the required cross-sectmn is realized, the asbestos cement is set and the pipe removed from the apparatus.
~
A method of treating glass fibres
(Bridgestone T i r e Kabuskiki Ka~ha) UK Pat. 1 271 699 (26 Apr 1972) A bundle of glass fibres is impregnated by immersion in resin and this is followed by continuously applying ultrasonic vibrations at 10-1000kc/s to accelerate penetration between the fibres. Epoxy resin composition and its use for the treatment of polyester fibres
(General T i r e and R u b b e r Co) UK Pat. 1 27I 883 (26 Apr 1972) A one. step aqueous, cord d i p for i/Icreasing the adhesmn of polyester fibres to r u b b e r matrices consists of: (1) a polyepoxide of functionhlity 1-5-2"5, an epoxy equivalent of 90-300 and comprising a glycidyl ether compound of an aliphatic polyol which is at least 50 wt% soluble in water; (2) containing a low molecular weight of polyamine, of molecular weight 150-600 and in an amount at least 25 wt% of the polyepoxide; and (3) rubbery polymer consisting mainly of butadiene and minor amounts of styrene and vinyl pyridine. T o t a l dip solids are 15-30 wt%. Continuous filamentary material
Morgan, P. E. and Higgins, F. .[. (Courtaulds Ltd) UK Pat. 1 271950 (26 Apr 1972) A flat and substantially uniform and stable assembly consists of substantially parallel twist-free continuous lengths of filaments composed of carbon and produced by carbonizing organic filamentary material in the form of a tape. Preparation of cyclic imides and polyimides
(Upjohn Co) UK Pat. 1 272201 (26 Apr 1972) A cyclic imide is prepared by reacting an isocyanate and an intramolecular anhydride in the presence of a catalyst of the formula M O H a n d / o r R - [ N M ] - C O N H R ' where R and R each represent hydrocarbyl material
having 1-12 carbon atoms and M is a
moeity such that the hydroxide M O H forms a urethane by reacting with the isocyanate, thus decomposing with carbon dioxide elimination at 150°C. These are useful in composite, impregnated products containing wires fabrics and cellular products and can be used in aircraft and missiles as composites. Novel fibre reinforced composites
(Monsanto Co) UK Pat. 1 272 410 (26 Apr 1972) A reinforced structure consists of a resin or ceramic material having 5-90 vol% by volume of reinforcing fibre. T h e matrix is an aromatic linear polymer with an inherent viscosity of at least 3.5 and a melting point in excess of 200°C, the fibre specific density is at least 1-37 and a single filament elongation to break (Eb) value ranging from 2-15% and a modulus in grams per denier greater than the value IO00E~-°'~ Process for the production of profiles from fibre reinforced thermosetting resins
Hendrix, H. and Muller, M. (Glanzstoff AG) UK Pat. I 272 429 (26 Apr 1972) Profiles are produced from fibre reinforced thermosetting resins containing 2 0 - 4 0 w t % synthetic fibres cut to 5-50 m m lengths and 25-50% of the resin, the remainder comprising hardeners a n d / o r fillers. This is screw extruded, the barrel being cooled and the die hot. Fibres include polyethylene terephthalate epoxy and polyesters. Improvements in or relating to composite materials
Bowen, D. H. and Sambell, g . A. J. (UKAEA) UK Pat. 1272651 (3 May 1972) A composite consists of glass reinforced with carbon fibres these having been produced by the controlled thermal and oxidative degradation ot organic fibres. These composites exhibit very good shock resistance, corrosion and fire resistance, and are mechanically stable to at least 1000°C. Applications inchfde aircraft and gas turbine blades where they replace titanium alloy. Plastic resins
Crabtree, J. D. and Grundy, K. H. (Fibreglass Lid) UK Pat. 1272765 (3 May 1972) Resin compositions consist of an unsaturated polyester plus a nonpolymeric additive consisting of a urethane prepared from an isocyanate and an unsaturated organic compound, such as a cyclo aliphatic epoxide or derivative of this epoxide with methacrylic acid. This composition filled with glass fibres is cured and results in laminates having high strength and good weathering properties.
COMPOSITES November 1972
283
(Fibreglass Ltd) UK Pat. 1271500 (19,4pr 1972) Glass fibres are rendered compatible with epoxy resins by coating with an epoxy resin copolymer of an unsaturated silane compound and a.n unsaturated organic monomer containing an epoxy resin reactive group. Composites are produced which show excellent water resistance and improved environmental ageing in terms of residual mechanical strength. An improved method and apparatus for the treatment of filamentary material
Zbrzezniak, J. (Morganite Rg~D Ltd] UK Pat. 1 271 502 (19 A p t 1972) A filamentary thread is maintained under tension while pyrolysed T h e thread is delivered lengthwise to be wound in spaced convolutions r o u n d a ca~e formed by three rollers the rotational axes of which are oblique to the longitudinal axis of the cage and positively rotating at least one of the rollers so as to draw the thread a r o u n d the cage in a helical path the thread convolutions extending in contact with and on the surface of each roller transversely to the rotational axis and substantially tangentially from roller to roller. Pyrolysis treatment of a material and an apparatus for producing filamentary material
Blood-Smyth, G. (Morganite RR:D Ltd) UK Pat. 1 271 503 (19 Apr 1972) A method is described of accommodating contraction and expansion while m a i n t a i n i n g longitudinal tension of filamentary material during pyrolysis. T h e material is wound on a roll ot variable circumference and applied to the reel a gravitational load tending to increase the circumference so that the contraction of the material tending to reduce the real circumference is opposed by the load and expansion of the material. This permits increase of real circumference tinder load thus maintaining the material under tension. Produclion of carbon yarns
Rulison, R. N. (Celanese Corp) UK Pat. l 271 538 (19 Apr 1972) Predominantly polyacrylonitrile yarn is converted to carbon yarn by preoxidation followed by pyrolysis, which consists of passing the yarn before the preoxidation step through a bath containing finely divided carbon the rate of travel being that it picks up
0.5-20% of its weight of the carbon and then continuously drying the yarn. Improvement in and relating to the forming of the cross-sections of seamless asbestos cement pipe
(Fulgerit-Werke Seelze und Eichriede in Luthe Bei Hannox;er Adolf Oesterheld) UK Pat. 1 271 557 (19 Apr 1972) T h e cross-section of seamless asbestos pipe is achieved by inserting into the pipe an apparatus containing many transversely movable members with ressure between each, the apparatus aving a smaller cross-section than that fihally desired. Pressure is applied to the members and the pipe exp.affded until the required cross-sectmn is realized, the asbestos cement is set and the pipe removed from the apparatus.
~
A method of treating glass fibres
(Bridgestone T i r e Kabuskiki Ka~ha) UK Pat. 1 271 699 (26 Apr 1972) A bundle of glass fibres is impregnated by immersion in resin and this is followed by continuously applying ultrasonic vibrations at 10-1000kc/s to accelerate penetration between the fibres. Epoxy resin composition and its use for the treatment of polyester fibres
(General T i r e and R u b b e r Co) UK Pat. 1 27I 883 (26 Apr 1972) A one. step aqueous, cord d i p for i/Icreasing the adhesmn of polyester fibres to r u b b e r matrices consists of: (1) a polyepoxide of functionhlity 1-5-2"5, an epoxy equivalent of 90-300 and comprising a glycidyl ether compound of an aliphatic polyol which is at least 50 wt% soluble in water; (2) containing a low molecular weight of polyamine, of molecular weight 150-600 and in an amount at least 25 wt% of the polyepoxide; and (3) rubbery polymer consisting mainly of butadiene and minor amounts of styrene and vinyl pyridine. T o t a l dip solids are 15-30 wt%. Continuous filamentary material
Morgan, P. E. and Higgins, F. .[. (Courtaulds Ltd) UK Pat. 1 271950 (26 Apr 1972) A flat and substantially uniform and stable assembly consists of substantially parallel twist-free continuous lengths of filaments composed of carbon and produced by carbonizing organic filamentary material in the form of a tape. Preparation of cyclic imides and polyimides
(Upjohn Co) UK Pat. 1 272201 (26 Apr 1972) A cyclic imide is prepared by reacting an isocyanate and an intramolecular anhydride in the presence of a catalyst of the formula M O H a n d / o r R - [ N M ] - C O N H R ' where R and R each represent hydrocarbyl material
having 1-12 carbon atoms and M is a
moeity such that the hydroxide M O H forms a urethane by reacting with the isocyanate, thus decomposing with carbon dioxide elimination at 150°C. These are useful in composite, impregnated products containing wires fabrics and cellular products and can be used in aircraft and missiles as composites. Novel fibre reinforced composites
(Monsanto Co) UK Pat. 1 272 410 (26 Apr 1972) A reinforced structure consists of a resin or ceramic material having 5-90 vol% by volume of reinforcing fibre. T h e matrix is an aromatic linear polymer with an inherent viscosity of at least 3.5 and a melting point in excess of 200°C, the fibre specific density is at least 1-37 and a single filament elongation to break (Eb) value ranging from 2-15% and a modulus in grams per denier greater than the value IO00E~-°'~ Process for the production of profiles from fibre reinforced thermosetting resins
Hendrix, H. and Muller, M. (Glanzstoff AG) UK Pat. I 272 429 (26 Apr 1972) Profiles are produced from fibre reinforced thermosetting resins containing 2 0 - 4 0 w t % synthetic fibres cut to 5-50 m m lengths and 25-50% of the resin, the remainder comprising hardeners a n d / o r fillers. This is screw extruded, the barrel being cooled and the die hot. Fibres include polyethylene terephthalate epoxy and polyesters. Improvements in or relating to composite materials
Bowen, D. H. and Sambell, g . A. J. (UKAEA) UK Pat. 1272651 (3 May 1972) A composite consists of glass reinforced with carbon fibres these having been produced by the controlled thermal and oxidative degradation ot organic fibres. These composites exhibit very good shock resistance, corrosion and fire resistance, and are mechanically stable to at least 1000°C. Applications inchfde aircraft and gas turbine blades where they replace titanium alloy. Plastic resins
Crabtree, J. D. and Grundy, K. H. (Fibreglass Lid) UK Pat. 1272765 (3 May 1972) Resin compositions consist of an unsaturated polyester plus a nonpolymeric additive consisting of a urethane prepared from an isocyanate and an unsaturated organic compound, such as a cyclo aliphatic epoxide or derivative of this epoxide with methacrylic acid. This composition filled with glass fibres is cured and results in laminates having high strength and good weathering properties.
COMPOSITES November 1972
283