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Re: Oxalate Content of Taro Leaves Grown in Central Vietnam
Urological Survey 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57
Urolithiasis/Endourology Re: Stone Former Urine Proteome Demonstrates a Cationic Shift in Protein Distribution Compared to Normal A. M. Kolbach-Mandel, N. S. Mandel, B. R. Hoffmann, J. G. Kleinman and J. A. Wesson Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Mandel International Stone and Molecular Analysis Center, and Nephrology Section, Consultant Care Division, Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Urolithiasis 2017; Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s00240-017-0969-y
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28314883 Editorial Comment: These investigators undertook proteomic analysis of urine from calcium oxalate stone formers and a normal cohort using mass spectrometry. They found no difference in the levels of abundant proteins, but noted that stone formers had increased excretion of proteins associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. The latter have been linked to kidney stone formation. This protein differential poses a “chicken vs egg” question. The authors note that this increase promotes a cationic shift, which could result in protein aggregation, which in turn could augment stone formation. More studies are needed to clarify the role of this protein shift in calcium oxalate kidney stone formation. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Boyce WH and Garvey FK: The amount and nature of the organic matrix in urinary calculi: a review. J Urol 1956; 76: 213. Vaezzadeh AR, Steen H, Freeman MR et al: Proteomics and opportunities for clinical translation in urological disease. J Urol 2009; 182: 835. Wesson JA, Worcester EM and Kleinman JG: Role of anionic proteins in kidney stone formation: interaction between model anionic polypeptides and calcium oxalate crystals. J Urol 2000; 163: 1343.
Re: Oxalate Content of Taro Leaves Grown in Central Vietnam H. Du Thanh, H. Phan Vu, H. Vu Van, N. Le Duc, T. Le Minh and G. Savage Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, and Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam, and Food Group, Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand Foods 2017; 6: 2. doi: 10.3390/foods6010002
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28231080 Editorial Comment: Vietnam has become a popular tourist destination. Taro leaves are used as food in this country. These leaves have extremely high oxalate content, with a significant amount being in a soluble form. The latter is the form that is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, consumption could increase stone risk and lead to oxalate nephropathy. Dean G. Assimos, MD
0022-5347/17/1982-0001/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® Ó 2017 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.05.042 Vol. 198, 1-3, August 2017 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.4.0 DTD JURO14764_proof 15 May 2017 1:52 pm EO:
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UROLITHIASIS/ENDOUROLOGY
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Suggested Reading Albihn PB and Savage GP: The bioavailability of oxalate from Oca (Oxalis tuberosa). J Urol 2001; 166: 420. Brinkley LJ, Gregory J and Pak CY: A further study of oxalate bioavailability in foods. J Urol 1990; 144: 94. Holmes RP, Ambrosius WT and Assimos DG: Dietary oxalate loads and renal oxalate handling. J Urol 2005; 174: 943.
Re: Multiple Sclerosis and Nephrolithiasis: A Matched-Case Comparative Study V. Ganesan, W. M. Chen, R. Jain, S. De and M. Monga Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine and Cleveland Clinic Glickman Urological Kidney Institute, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio BJU Int 2017; Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1111/bju.13820
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28220601 Editorial Comment: This case-control study demonstrated that calcium phosphate and struvite stones were more common in stone formers with vs without multiple sclerosis. This finding has previously been reported in those afflicted with spinal cord injury. Bladder stones were also more prevalent in this cohort. The more common use of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in these patients is expected as stones of the aforementioned compositions tend to be large and have a branched configuration. Patients with multiple sclerosis and stones more commonly were immobile, performed clean intermittent catheterization or had indwelling bladder catheters, and suffered from osteoporosis. The combination of immobilization, which could augment bone turnover and calcium excretion, and chronic bacteruria likely contributes to stone formation in these individuals. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Viprakasit DP, Sawyer MD, Herrell SD et al: Changing composition of staghorn calculi. J Urol 2011; 186: 2285. Matlaga BR, Kim SC, Watkins SL et al: Changing composition of renal calculi in patients with neurogenic bladder. J Urol 2006; 175: 1716. Vargas AD, Bragin SD and Mendez R: Staghorn calculus: its clinical presentation, complications and management. J Urol 1982; 127: 860.
Re: Use of Polymer Conjugates for the Intraperoxisomal Delivery of Engineered Humanalanine:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase as a Protein Therapy for Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I A. Roncador, E. Oppici, M. Talelli, A. N. Pariente, M. Donini, S. Dusi, C. B. Voltattorni, M. J. Vicent and B. Cellini Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences Department, Section of Biological Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, and Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Centro de Investigacio n Prı´ncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain Nanomedicine 2017; 13: 897e907. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.011
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27993722 Editorial Comment: Type 1 primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder associated with development of kidney stones, systemic oxalosis and end-stage renal disease. This outcome is either due to defective AGT or inability of this enzyme to be targeted to the peroxisomal compartment. This enzyme prevents accumulation of glyoxylate, the immediate precursor of oxalate. These investigators observed that a PEG-PGA block copolymer conjugated to AGT could enter the cell and allow glyoxylate detoxification in a CHO cell model of PH1. This conjugate did not localize to the peroxisomal compartment but was functional. The authors were also able to engineer AGT with certain acid substitutions, which allowed peroxisomal targeting. Many steps will need to be taken to determine if this approach will prove to be an effective treatment strategy for PH1, including demonstrating its effectiveness in a PH1 knockout model and showing that there is no toxicity. Dean G. Assimos, MD Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.4.0 DTD JURO14764_proof 15 May 2017 1:52 pm EO:
172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228
Urolithiasis/Endourology Re: Stone Former Urine Proteome Demonstrates a Cationic Shift in Protein Distribution Compared to Normal A. M. Kolbach-Mandel, N. S. Mandel, B. R. Hoffmann, J. G. Kleinman and J. A. Wesson Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Mandel International Stone and Molecular Analysis Center, and Nephrology Section, Consultant Care Division, Zablocki VA Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Urolithiasis 2017; Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s00240-017-0969-y
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28314883 Editorial Comment: These investigators undertook proteomic analysis of urine from calcium oxalate stone formers and a normal cohort using mass spectrometry. They found no difference in the levels of abundant proteins, but noted that stone formers had increased excretion of proteins associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. The latter have been linked to kidney stone formation. This protein differential poses a “chicken vs egg” question. The authors note that this increase promotes a cationic shift, which could result in protein aggregation, which in turn could augment stone formation. More studies are needed to clarify the role of this protein shift in calcium oxalate kidney stone formation. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Boyce WH and Garvey FK: The amount and nature of the organic matrix in urinary calculi: a review. J Urol 1956; 76: 213. Vaezzadeh AR, Steen H, Freeman MR et al: Proteomics and opportunities for clinical translation in urological disease. J Urol 2009; 182: 835. Wesson JA, Worcester EM and Kleinman JG: Role of anionic proteins in kidney stone formation: interaction between model anionic polypeptides and calcium oxalate crystals. J Urol 2000; 163: 1343.
Re: Oxalate Content of Taro Leaves Grown in Central Vietnam H. Du Thanh, H. Phan Vu, H. Vu Van, N. Le Duc, T. Le Minh and G. Savage Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, and Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Hue University, Hue City, Vietnam, and Food Group, Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand Foods 2017; 6: 2. doi: 10.3390/foods6010002
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28231080 Editorial Comment: Vietnam has become a popular tourist destination. Taro leaves are used as food in this country. These leaves have extremely high oxalate content, with a significant amount being in a soluble form. The latter is the form that is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, consumption could increase stone risk and lead to oxalate nephropathy. Dean G. Assimos, MD
0022-5347/17/1982-0001/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® Ó 2017 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.05.042 Vol. 198, 1-3, August 2017 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.4.0 DTD JURO14764_proof 15 May 2017 1:52 pm EO:
j
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 1 113 114
UROLITHIASIS/ENDOUROLOGY
2
115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171
Suggested Reading Albihn PB and Savage GP: The bioavailability of oxalate from Oca (Oxalis tuberosa). J Urol 2001; 166: 420. Brinkley LJ, Gregory J and Pak CY: A further study of oxalate bioavailability in foods. J Urol 1990; 144: 94. Holmes RP, Ambrosius WT and Assimos DG: Dietary oxalate loads and renal oxalate handling. J Urol 2005; 174: 943.
Re: Multiple Sclerosis and Nephrolithiasis: A Matched-Case Comparative Study V. Ganesan, W. M. Chen, R. Jain, S. De and M. Monga Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine and Cleveland Clinic Glickman Urological Kidney Institute, and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio BJU Int 2017; Epub ahead of print. doi: 10.1111/bju.13820
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28220601 Editorial Comment: This case-control study demonstrated that calcium phosphate and struvite stones were more common in stone formers with vs without multiple sclerosis. This finding has previously been reported in those afflicted with spinal cord injury. Bladder stones were also more prevalent in this cohort. The more common use of percutaneous nephrolithotomy in these patients is expected as stones of the aforementioned compositions tend to be large and have a branched configuration. Patients with multiple sclerosis and stones more commonly were immobile, performed clean intermittent catheterization or had indwelling bladder catheters, and suffered from osteoporosis. The combination of immobilization, which could augment bone turnover and calcium excretion, and chronic bacteruria likely contributes to stone formation in these individuals. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Viprakasit DP, Sawyer MD, Herrell SD et al: Changing composition of staghorn calculi. J Urol 2011; 186: 2285. Matlaga BR, Kim SC, Watkins SL et al: Changing composition of renal calculi in patients with neurogenic bladder. J Urol 2006; 175: 1716. Vargas AD, Bragin SD and Mendez R: Staghorn calculus: its clinical presentation, complications and management. J Urol 1982; 127: 860.
Re: Use of Polymer Conjugates for the Intraperoxisomal Delivery of Engineered Humanalanine:Glyoxylate Aminotransferase as a Protein Therapy for Primary Hyperoxaluria Type I A. Roncador, E. Oppici, M. Talelli, A. N. Pariente, M. Donini, S. Dusi, C. B. Voltattorni, M. J. Vicent and B. Cellini Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences Department, Section of Biological Chemistry and Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy, and Polymer Therapeutics Lab, Centro de Investigacio n Prı´ncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain Nanomedicine 2017; 13: 897e907. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.12.011
Abstract available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27993722 Editorial Comment: Type 1 primary hyperoxaluria (PH1) is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder associated with development of kidney stones, systemic oxalosis and end-stage renal disease. This outcome is either due to defective AGT or inability of this enzyme to be targeted to the peroxisomal compartment. This enzyme prevents accumulation of glyoxylate, the immediate precursor of oxalate. These investigators observed that a PEG-PGA block copolymer conjugated to AGT could enter the cell and allow glyoxylate detoxification in a CHO cell model of PH1. This conjugate did not localize to the peroxisomal compartment but was functional. The authors were also able to engineer AGT with certain acid substitutions, which allowed peroxisomal targeting. Many steps will need to be taken to determine if this approach will prove to be an effective treatment strategy for PH1, including demonstrating its effectiveness in a PH1 knockout model and showing that there is no toxicity. Dean G. Assimos, MD Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.4.0 DTD JURO14764_proof 15 May 2017 1:52 pm EO:
172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228