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Re: Vascular Calcification and Bone Mineral Density in Recurrent Kidney Stone Formers
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Urolithiasis/Endourology Re: Surgical Management of Stone Disease in Patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria A. Carrasco, Jr., C. F. Granberg, M. T. Gettman, D. S. Milliner and A. E. Krambeck Departments of Urology, and Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Urology 2015; 85: 522e526.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.036 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Three types of primary hyperoxaluria have been identified. These monogenic disorders can lead to kidney stones and oxalosis in those afflicted. Patients with type 1 primary hyperoxaluria are at increased risk for end-stage renal disease. The take home message from this article is that stone removal may accelerate the path to the latter complication. Ureteroscopic stone removal may be the safest approach in those who have compromised renal function, as it does not violate the parenchyma. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Levin-Iaina N, Dinour D, Romero L et al: Late diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 in the adult: effect of a novel mutation in GRHPR gene on enzymatic activity and molecular modeling. J Urol 2009; 181: 2146.
Re: The G Allele of CaSR R990G Polymorphism Increases Susceptibility to Urolithiasis and Hypercalciuria: Evidences from a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis K. Liu, X. Wang, J. Ye, C. Qin, P. Shao, W. Zhang, J. Li and C. Yin Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 958207.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.037 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Calcium kidney stone risk is influenced by urinary calcium excretion. The calcium sensing receptor (CaSr) is involved in urinary calcium excretion. The authors performed a meta-analysis of studies of CaSr polymorphisms and demonstrated that one was associated with stone risk and hypercalciuria. Calcium excretion is modulated by many factors, including diet (calcium, sodium, animal protein), acid-base status, gastrointestinal calcium absorption and calcium handling in the nephron. While the CaSr gene may have a role in stone risk, other genes undoubtedly influence this occurrence and, once identified, more targeted therapy for stone prevention will hopefully ensue. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Vezzoli G, Soldati L and Gambaro G: Update on primary hypercalciuria from a genetic perspective. J Urol 2008; 179: 1676.
0022-5347/15/1943-0001/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® Ó 2015 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.036 Vol. 194, 1-2, September 2015 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.2.0 DTD JURO12698_proof 12 June 2015 12:04 pm EO:
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Re: Vascular Calcification and Bone Mineral Density in Recurrent Kidney Stone Formers L. Shavit, D. Girfoglio, V. Vijay, D. Goldsmith, P. M. Ferraro, S. H. Moochhala and R. Unwin Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Campus and Hospital, University College London Medical School, and Nephrology and Transplantation, King’s Health Partners Academic Health Sciences Centre, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom, Adult Nephrology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, and Division of Nephrology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 10: 278e285.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.038 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: A number of systemic diseases have been demonstrated to be associated with kidney stone formation, including hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, carotid artery atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. The authors performed a retrospective case-control study using aged matched kidney stone formers and kidney donors as controls. They found that kidney stone formers have more calcification in the abdominal aorta and reduced bone density. The take home message is that kidney stone formers should be screened for cardiovascular disease. Hypercalciuria, which is a risk factor for kidney stone formation and is also commonly present in this cohort, is associated with decreased bone density. Therefore, bone health should also be a concern. Fortunately thiazide therapy, a commonly used approach for kidney stone prevention, may increase bone density and thus ameliorate bone disease in those afflicted. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Sorensen MD, Eisner BH, Stone KL et al: Impact of calcium intake and intestinal calcium absorption on kidney stones in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Urol 2012; 187: 1287. Reiner AP, Kahn A, Eisner BH et al: Kidney stones and subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults: the CARDIA study. J Urol 2011; 185: 920.
Dochead: Urological Survey
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Urolithiasis/Endourology Re: Surgical Management of Stone Disease in Patients with Primary Hyperoxaluria A. Carrasco, Jr., C. F. Granberg, M. T. Gettman, D. S. Milliner and A. E. Krambeck Departments of Urology, and Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota Urology 2015; 85: 522e526.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.036 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Three types of primary hyperoxaluria have been identified. These monogenic disorders can lead to kidney stones and oxalosis in those afflicted. Patients with type 1 primary hyperoxaluria are at increased risk for end-stage renal disease. The take home message from this article is that stone removal may accelerate the path to the latter complication. Ureteroscopic stone removal may be the safest approach in those who have compromised renal function, as it does not violate the parenchyma. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Levin-Iaina N, Dinour D, Romero L et al: Late diagnosis of primary hyperoxaluria type 2 in the adult: effect of a novel mutation in GRHPR gene on enzymatic activity and molecular modeling. J Urol 2009; 181: 2146.
Re: The G Allele of CaSR R990G Polymorphism Increases Susceptibility to Urolithiasis and Hypercalciuria: Evidences from a Comprehensive Meta-Analysis K. Liu, X. Wang, J. Ye, C. Qin, P. Shao, W. Zhang, J. Li and C. Yin Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015: 958207.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.037 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: Calcium kidney stone risk is influenced by urinary calcium excretion. The calcium sensing receptor (CaSr) is involved in urinary calcium excretion. The authors performed a meta-analysis of studies of CaSr polymorphisms and demonstrated that one was associated with stone risk and hypercalciuria. Calcium excretion is modulated by many factors, including diet (calcium, sodium, animal protein), acid-base status, gastrointestinal calcium absorption and calcium handling in the nephron. While the CaSr gene may have a role in stone risk, other genes undoubtedly influence this occurrence and, once identified, more targeted therapy for stone prevention will hopefully ensue. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Vezzoli G, Soldati L and Gambaro G: Update on primary hypercalciuria from a genetic perspective. J Urol 2008; 179: 1676.
0022-5347/15/1943-0001/0 THE JOURNAL OF UROLOGY® Ó 2015 by AMERICAN UROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION EDUCATION
AND
RESEARCH, INC.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.036 Vol. 194, 1-2, September 2015 Printed in U.S.A.
www.jurology.com Dochead: Urological Survey
LIT 5.2.0 DTD JURO12698_proof 12 June 2015 12:04 pm EO:
j
58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 1 113 114
UROLITHIASIS/ENDOUROLOGY
2
115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176
Re: Vascular Calcification and Bone Mineral Density in Recurrent Kidney Stone Formers L. Shavit, D. Girfoglio, V. Vijay, D. Goldsmith, P. M. Ferraro, S. H. Moochhala and R. Unwin Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Campus and Hospital, University College London Medical School, and Nephrology and Transplantation, King’s Health Partners Academic Health Sciences Centre, Guy’s Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom, Adult Nephrology Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel, and Division of Nephrology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 10: 278e285.
Abstract for this article http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2015.06.038 available at http://jurology.com/ Editorial Comment: A number of systemic diseases have been demonstrated to be associated with kidney stone formation, including hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, carotid artery atherosclerosis and metabolic syndrome. The authors performed a retrospective case-control study using aged matched kidney stone formers and kidney donors as controls. They found that kidney stone formers have more calcification in the abdominal aorta and reduced bone density. The take home message is that kidney stone formers should be screened for cardiovascular disease. Hypercalciuria, which is a risk factor for kidney stone formation and is also commonly present in this cohort, is associated with decreased bone density. Therefore, bone health should also be a concern. Fortunately thiazide therapy, a commonly used approach for kidney stone prevention, may increase bone density and thus ameliorate bone disease in those afflicted. Dean G. Assimos, MD
Suggested Reading Sorensen MD, Eisner BH, Stone KL et al: Impact of calcium intake and intestinal calcium absorption on kidney stones in older women: the study of osteoporotic fractures. J Urol 2012; 187: 1287. Reiner AP, Kahn A, Eisner BH et al: Kidney stones and subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults: the CARDIA study. J Urol 2011; 185: 920.
Dochead: Urological Survey
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