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Recent studies on hymenoptera venoms
Perhaps most unfortunate is the fact that, except for the small portion of this work dealing with paper chromatograp}~y, the manuscript is practically identical with another by the samo group which appeared under a different title published the same year. J.F.G.
HAHaHtMAN, E. (Fr. Rep. Guinea). Regt studies on hymenoptera venoms . Biochem. Pharm. (Cor;/: Issui),12, 187, 1963 . B~ venom can be separated by chromatography on Sephadez into at least six components of higher molecular weight, three of which were identified with )~yaluronidase, phospholipase A reap . mellitin. Another substance produced hyperezcitability and convulsions in mice. Data are given concerning chemistry and pharmacology of the constituents of bee venom which also are compared with active components of wasp and hornet venom. D.W .M.
K~anx, H. L. and IVhcr~rtr.ntve, W. V. Venomous acrd Poisonous Animals and Noxious Plants ojthe Pacific Region . Pergamon Press, 468 p., 1963. Tms is a collection of papers based on a symposium in the Public Health and Medical Science Division of the Tenth Pacific Science Congress. The volume is divided into six sections dealing respectively with plants ; coelenterates and other marine invertebrates; leeches; arthropods (scorpions, spiders, centipedes and millipedes, caterpillars and moths) ; fishes ; and snakes. The volume consists of 33 papers by authors representing Argentina, Australia, India, Japan, Thailand, Malaya, Italy, Viet Nam, Guam, Hong Kong, Mexico, and the United States . The book includes both faunal surveys and research reports. Ccelenesterates, arthropods, fishes and snakes are most thoroughly covered not by design of the editors, but because contributions to other soctiona were not as numerous as expected . The section on snakes includes an illustrated key to venomous snakes of the Pacific area, and contains papers on mechanism of venom action, and on treatment of snakebite. Although the publication is not as complete as the title might lead one to believe, it is the only publication of its kind dealing with the Pacific area, and to a considerable degree reflects research interests of leading authorities in the field of animal venoms and plant and animal poisons in the Pacific area. The publication should be of value to public health officials and military personnel throughout the Pacific area, and particularly in South East Asia. H.L.K.
Kortrve, E. (Dept. Zool . Tel-Aviv Univ ., Israel): Development of the Venom Gland and Trigeminal Muscles in Vipers Palestlnae, Acta Anat . 52, 49,1963. Tms paper is based upon examination of 20 embryos varying in length from 30 to 130 mm. Buds of the venom gland and fans develop from a common invagination of thepalatal epithelium arising at theposterior end of the primitive dental ridge. This subocularepithelial ridge may be considered arudimentary maxillary dental lamina with the fangs representing the caudal remainder of a once complete Lunina dentalis. The fangs develop in two superimposed rows and are connected with a Y~haped epithelial invagination . The foot of the Y is connected with the venom gland and develops into the sheath of the fangs. The venom canal begins as a shallow groove that deepens and eventually becomes completely roofed over. The venom gland develops independently of the supralabial glands. The development of the relationships of the venom gland with the oomprrssor glaadulae and the other trigeminal muscles is described in detail. The primordium of the trigeminal muscles first subdivides into a constrictor I doraslie and an adductor mandibulae complex; these subsequently differentiate further into their components. The compressor glanduise has a common origin with the adductor ext. profundus. The muscles at first have no connection with the cranial cartilages . With the appearance of investing bones, the origins and insertions begin to form. Nern supply from the trigeminal nerve is similar to the condition in the adult. The venom gland and the sheath of the fangs receive their nerve supply from the ephenopalatine genglia of the facial nern .
HAHaHtMAN, E. (Fr. Rep. Guinea). Regt studies on hymenoptera venoms . Biochem. Pharm. (Cor;/: Issui),12, 187, 1963 . B~ venom can be separated by chromatography on Sephadez into at least six components of higher molecular weight, three of which were identified with )~yaluronidase, phospholipase A reap . mellitin. Another substance produced hyperezcitability and convulsions in mice. Data are given concerning chemistry and pharmacology of the constituents of bee venom which also are compared with active components of wasp and hornet venom. D.W .M.
K~anx, H. L. and IVhcr~rtr.ntve, W. V. Venomous acrd Poisonous Animals and Noxious Plants ojthe Pacific Region . Pergamon Press, 468 p., 1963. Tms is a collection of papers based on a symposium in the Public Health and Medical Science Division of the Tenth Pacific Science Congress. The volume is divided into six sections dealing respectively with plants ; coelenterates and other marine invertebrates; leeches; arthropods (scorpions, spiders, centipedes and millipedes, caterpillars and moths) ; fishes ; and snakes. The volume consists of 33 papers by authors representing Argentina, Australia, India, Japan, Thailand, Malaya, Italy, Viet Nam, Guam, Hong Kong, Mexico, and the United States . The book includes both faunal surveys and research reports. Ccelenesterates, arthropods, fishes and snakes are most thoroughly covered not by design of the editors, but because contributions to other soctiona were not as numerous as expected . The section on snakes includes an illustrated key to venomous snakes of the Pacific area, and contains papers on mechanism of venom action, and on treatment of snakebite. Although the publication is not as complete as the title might lead one to believe, it is the only publication of its kind dealing with the Pacific area, and to a considerable degree reflects research interests of leading authorities in the field of animal venoms and plant and animal poisons in the Pacific area. The publication should be of value to public health officials and military personnel throughout the Pacific area, and particularly in South East Asia. H.L.K.
Kortrve, E. (Dept. Zool . Tel-Aviv Univ ., Israel): Development of the Venom Gland and Trigeminal Muscles in Vipers Palestlnae, Acta Anat . 52, 49,1963. Tms paper is based upon examination of 20 embryos varying in length from 30 to 130 mm. Buds of the venom gland and fans develop from a common invagination of thepalatal epithelium arising at theposterior end of the primitive dental ridge. This subocularepithelial ridge may be considered arudimentary maxillary dental lamina with the fangs representing the caudal remainder of a once complete Lunina dentalis. The fangs develop in two superimposed rows and are connected with a Y~haped epithelial invagination . The foot of the Y is connected with the venom gland and develops into the sheath of the fangs. The venom canal begins as a shallow groove that deepens and eventually becomes completely roofed over. The venom gland develops independently of the supralabial glands. The development of the relationships of the venom gland with the oomprrssor glaadulae and the other trigeminal muscles is described in detail. The primordium of the trigeminal muscles first subdivides into a constrictor I doraslie and an adductor mandibulae complex; these subsequently differentiate further into their components. The compressor glanduise has a common origin with the adductor ext. profundus. The muscles at first have no connection with the cranial cartilages . With the appearance of investing bones, the origins and insertions begin to form. Nern supply from the trigeminal nerve is similar to the condition in the adult. The venom gland and the sheath of the fangs receive their nerve supply from the ephenopalatine genglia of the facial nern .