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Records of Onchocerca found at postmortem examination of Welsh cattle
295
LABORATORY M E E T I N G
from 2,043 men exposed to a high environmental temperature, analysed according to nationality and to the apparent state of health of the individuals concerned. Most of the examinations were performed by the Fantus method on urine samples obtained from Kuwait Oil C~mpany employees who, for widely diverse reasons, attended the general out-patients department at the Ahmadi Clinic in Kuwait during the years 1951-56. Smaller numbers of Volhard estimations were made on urine samples obtained in the summer months of f956 from apparently healthy British and Arab employees of the same Company. For comparison, the results were shown of 49 estimations (42 by the Volhard, seven by the Fantus technique) of sodium-chloride in urine from overt cases of heat illness in the European crews of oil-tankers in the Persian Gulf in the hot season of 1956. T h e histograms showed : i. A wide range of urinary salt excretion in the four larger groups, with a raised lower limit in each of the two " apparently healthy " groups. ii. Mean values for all the groups (except that of heat illness) equal to, if not greater than, the mean values usually quoted for Europeans in cool climates. This finding in urines obtained from locaI Kuwaiti and Bedouin Arabs is of particular interest. iii. Strikingly low urinary salt excretion in marine cases of heat illness (heat syncope or collapse ; anhidrotie heat exhaustion ; salt and water deficiency heat exhaustion ; heat hyperpyrexia and heat stroke).
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
Dr. W. A. F. Webber, Dr. G. Crisp, Mr. A. I. Wright and Mr. P. Williams : Records of Onchocerca f o u n d at postmortem examination of Welsh cattle. T h e records of Onchocerca were obtained by examining tissues collected postmortem from cattle slaughtered at Wrexham abattoir. Adult worms were found in the gastro-splenic omentum and the connective tissue round the nucha! ligament, which were the only tissues examined ; and microfilariae were found in skin taken from the base of the ear and the sternal, inguinal and pastern regions. Most of the Cattle came from areas in Wales and Cheshire, but some records have been obtained of Irish beasts. MicrofiIariae or adult worms or both forms have been found in about 25 per cent. of the Irish cattle and 60 per cent. of the Welsh and Cheshire cattle. Adult worms have been recovered from the gastro-splenic omentum of 31 of the 263 animals examined ( = 12 per cent.), from the nuchal connective tissue of 44 out of 249 animals ( = 18 per cent.), and microfilariae have been found in the skin of 53 out of 164 animals examined ( = 32 per cent).
Dr. M. M. J. Lavoipierre and Mr. W. N. Beesley : A n e w record of Stasisia rodhaini (Diptera. Calliphoridae) causing myiasis in man.
T h e third instar larva of S. rodhaini shown in this demonstration was expressed from the calf of a young male African at K u m b a in the British Cameroons. T h e specimen was preserved in alcohol and upon arrival in Liverpool was treated with a 10 per cent. solution of hot potassium hydroxide. T h e posterior spiracles were dissected from the larva and were mounted separately. Larvae of S. rodhaini have only twice previously been reported as causing myiasis in man in West Africa (LAvoIPIERRE and BRUcE-CHwATT, 1955,) SO that it is of some interest to record the present case. Following a cursory examination, the specimen which was demonstrated was at first identified as Cordylobfa anthropophaga and it was only later, when the posterior spiracles were carefully examined that it was recognized to be the larva of S. rodhaini. We feel that confusion between these two ealliphorid larvae may not be an unusual occurrence and that a proportion of West African cases of myiasis regarded as being caused by C. anthropophaga may be found to be due to S. rodhaini, if the larvae expressed from skin lesions are critically examined. REFERENCE :
LAVOIPIERRE,M. M. J. & BRUcE-CHWATT, L. J. (1955). 49, 461.
Ann. trop. Med. Parasit.,
LABORATORY M E E T I N G
from 2,043 men exposed to a high environmental temperature, analysed according to nationality and to the apparent state of health of the individuals concerned. Most of the examinations were performed by the Fantus method on urine samples obtained from Kuwait Oil C~mpany employees who, for widely diverse reasons, attended the general out-patients department at the Ahmadi Clinic in Kuwait during the years 1951-56. Smaller numbers of Volhard estimations were made on urine samples obtained in the summer months of f956 from apparently healthy British and Arab employees of the same Company. For comparison, the results were shown of 49 estimations (42 by the Volhard, seven by the Fantus technique) of sodium-chloride in urine from overt cases of heat illness in the European crews of oil-tankers in the Persian Gulf in the hot season of 1956. T h e histograms showed : i. A wide range of urinary salt excretion in the four larger groups, with a raised lower limit in each of the two " apparently healthy " groups. ii. Mean values for all the groups (except that of heat illness) equal to, if not greater than, the mean values usually quoted for Europeans in cool climates. This finding in urines obtained from locaI Kuwaiti and Bedouin Arabs is of particular interest. iii. Strikingly low urinary salt excretion in marine cases of heat illness (heat syncope or collapse ; anhidrotie heat exhaustion ; salt and water deficiency heat exhaustion ; heat hyperpyrexia and heat stroke).
DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY
Dr. W. A. F. Webber, Dr. G. Crisp, Mr. A. I. Wright and Mr. P. Williams : Records of Onchocerca f o u n d at postmortem examination of Welsh cattle. T h e records of Onchocerca were obtained by examining tissues collected postmortem from cattle slaughtered at Wrexham abattoir. Adult worms were found in the gastro-splenic omentum and the connective tissue round the nucha! ligament, which were the only tissues examined ; and microfilariae were found in skin taken from the base of the ear and the sternal, inguinal and pastern regions. Most of the Cattle came from areas in Wales and Cheshire, but some records have been obtained of Irish beasts. MicrofiIariae or adult worms or both forms have been found in about 25 per cent. of the Irish cattle and 60 per cent. of the Welsh and Cheshire cattle. Adult worms have been recovered from the gastro-splenic omentum of 31 of the 263 animals examined ( = 12 per cent.), from the nuchal connective tissue of 44 out of 249 animals ( = 18 per cent.), and microfilariae have been found in the skin of 53 out of 164 animals examined ( = 32 per cent).
Dr. M. M. J. Lavoipierre and Mr. W. N. Beesley : A n e w record of Stasisia rodhaini (Diptera. Calliphoridae) causing myiasis in man.
T h e third instar larva of S. rodhaini shown in this demonstration was expressed from the calf of a young male African at K u m b a in the British Cameroons. T h e specimen was preserved in alcohol and upon arrival in Liverpool was treated with a 10 per cent. solution of hot potassium hydroxide. T h e posterior spiracles were dissected from the larva and were mounted separately. Larvae of S. rodhaini have only twice previously been reported as causing myiasis in man in West Africa (LAvoIPIERRE and BRUcE-CHwATT, 1955,) SO that it is of some interest to record the present case. Following a cursory examination, the specimen which was demonstrated was at first identified as Cordylobfa anthropophaga and it was only later, when the posterior spiracles were carefully examined that it was recognized to be the larva of S. rodhaini. We feel that confusion between these two ealliphorid larvae may not be an unusual occurrence and that a proportion of West African cases of myiasis regarded as being caused by C. anthropophaga may be found to be due to S. rodhaini, if the larvae expressed from skin lesions are critically examined. REFERENCE :
LAVOIPIERRE,M. M. J. & BRUcE-CHWATT, L. J. (1955). 49, 461.
Ann. trop. Med. Parasit.,