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Recurrent parotitis during childhood
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elements depending upon the deformity. In certain cases, nonoperative treatment is recommended for the few cases that sometime disappears spontaneously. The article is accompanied by excellent clinical photos detailing the preand postoperative results that are exceptionally fine.--A. B. Sokol A New Method for the Primary Repair of Unilateral Cleft
Lip. T. Onizuka. Ann Plast Surg 516 524, (June), 1980. A report on a new method of primary closure of the cleft lip is given. The repair consists of three flaps. A small triangular flap and the vermilion border, a large triangular flap at the upper lip and an alar flap. The advantages of this method is more detailed reconstruction of the muscle and mucous membrane, as well as it being quite easy to convey to the resident and beginning plastic surgeon. Finally, retardation of maxillary growth is minimal, according to the author. The operation is based upon 2000 personal cases in 17 yr. The operation is quite detailed, requiring the placement of multiple points, 27 in all. Despite the numerous points, the operation is well described with the location of the points clearly indicated. The method is based largely on Millard's cheiloplasty. The disadvantage, however, of Millard's are underscored with the recommendations of the author, how to circumvent these problems.--A. B. Sokol Secondary Repair of the Cleft-Lip Nose. Y. Ogino and H.
Ishida. Ann Plast Surg 469-480, (June), 1980.
The secondary repair of the cleft-lip nose is broken into deformities of the lip, as well as deformities of the external nose and nasal floor. The two categories of patients are those requiring early repair in young children, done approximately one year after the primary surgery, and those requiring adolescent repair. The authors provide very detailed description of his operative technique for both of the above mentioned repairs. The repair essentially details the scar revision of the lip, as well as the cartilaginous and rotational skin flap reposition of the nasal, septal and alar base of the nose. The article is accompanied by very clear operative illustrations, clinical photos and pre and postoperative results. The excellence of the postoperative result is striking and the article is recommended for all those interested in the cleft-lip child and its repair.--A. B. Sokol Palatoplasty Without Elevation of Mucoperiosteal Flap on t h e Cleft Side. N. lsshiki and H. Koyama. Ann Plast Surg
457461, (June), 1980. The ideal palatoplasty should follow the requirements of: Cleft closure without tension; long and mobile velum (soft palate); no growth disturbance; and simple procedure. The authors report on a modification of several techniques to be used in selected cases. The technique consists of the mobilization of a palatal flap on the noncleft side of the hard palate and minimal mobilization, if any, from the cleft tissues. Thirteen patients with complete unilateral clefts and five patients with clefts of the soft palate alone, have been done in this manner. The authors report no serious complications. This procedure seems to be an exciting and innovative modification of established techniques that if used, seems to
ABSTRACTS
be a practical and easy solution for cleft palate surgery.--A. B. Sokol Dental Trauma in Children and Adolescents. R. Berkowitz,
S. Ludwig, and R. Johnson. Clin Pediatr 19:166-171, (March), 1980.
Traumatic dental injuries occur in approximately 10% of infants and children between the ages of 18 me and 18 yr. Peak chronological periods include (1) preschool--l-3 yr of age secondary to falls or child abuse, (2) school a g e - - 7 - 1 0 yr of age usually due to bicycle and playground accidents, and (3) adolescents--secondary to fights, athletic injuries, and vehicular accidents. Injuries are divided into two major groups. Those involving the hard dental tissues and pulp include uncomplicated and complicated crown fractures, crown-root fractures, and root fractures. Injuries involving the periodontal structures usually present as mobile and/or displaced teeth and account for 20% of all dental injuries to the permanent dentition and 70% of injuries to the primary dentition. The authors discuss five categories of peridontal injuries that include concussion, subluxation, intrusive subluxation, extrusive subluxation, and evulsion. The authors caution that children with dental trauma should be evaluated neurologically and that tetanus is indicated when oral cavity integrity is violated.--Randall W. Powell Familial Clustering of Tonsillectomies and Adenoidectoroles. D. Katznelson and S. Gross. Clin Pediatr 19:276-283,
(April), 1980. Eighty-one patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T and A) and 88 patients in a control group were compared relative to age, sex, ethnic group, socioeconomic level, living conditions, and history of T and A in parents or siblings. The only statistically significant difference occured in the last variable, i.e., parental or sibling T and A. In the 141 sibs of the 81 T and A patients 61 (43.2%) had undergone T and A in the past while only 13 of the 169 sibs of the 88 control patients (7.7%) had previous T and A. Of the 81 T and A patients both parents had previous T and A in 15 cases (18.5%) and one parent in 43 cases (53%) while similar figures in the control group (88 patients) were 4 (4.5%) and 15 (17.1%), respectively. This distinct familial clustering could be due to genetic, environmental or attitudinal factors.--Randall W. Powell Recurrent Parotitis During Childhood. W. R. Wilson, R. D. Eavey, and D. HI. Lang. Clin Pediatr 19:235 236, (March), 1980.
A 5-yr-old male presented with four episodes of right parotitis. Forty-eight hours prior to his fifth episode he accidentally bit the right bnccal mucosa while eating and examination revealed an area of erythema, edema, and teeth marks. Two subsequent episodes of right parotitis also occurred after similar buccal trauma. Etiologies proposed for recurrent parotitis in children include autoimmune disease, congenital sialectasis, ductal strictures, low secretions, allergy, and orthodontic appliances. The authors suggest that accidental trauma during eating may account for some of the recurrent bouts of parotitis in children.--Randall W. Powell
elements depending upon the deformity. In certain cases, nonoperative treatment is recommended for the few cases that sometime disappears spontaneously. The article is accompanied by excellent clinical photos detailing the preand postoperative results that are exceptionally fine.--A. B. Sokol A New Method for the Primary Repair of Unilateral Cleft
Lip. T. Onizuka. Ann Plast Surg 516 524, (June), 1980. A report on a new method of primary closure of the cleft lip is given. The repair consists of three flaps. A small triangular flap and the vermilion border, a large triangular flap at the upper lip and an alar flap. The advantages of this method is more detailed reconstruction of the muscle and mucous membrane, as well as it being quite easy to convey to the resident and beginning plastic surgeon. Finally, retardation of maxillary growth is minimal, according to the author. The operation is based upon 2000 personal cases in 17 yr. The operation is quite detailed, requiring the placement of multiple points, 27 in all. Despite the numerous points, the operation is well described with the location of the points clearly indicated. The method is based largely on Millard's cheiloplasty. The disadvantage, however, of Millard's are underscored with the recommendations of the author, how to circumvent these problems.--A. B. Sokol Secondary Repair of the Cleft-Lip Nose. Y. Ogino and H.
Ishida. Ann Plast Surg 469-480, (June), 1980.
The secondary repair of the cleft-lip nose is broken into deformities of the lip, as well as deformities of the external nose and nasal floor. The two categories of patients are those requiring early repair in young children, done approximately one year after the primary surgery, and those requiring adolescent repair. The authors provide very detailed description of his operative technique for both of the above mentioned repairs. The repair essentially details the scar revision of the lip, as well as the cartilaginous and rotational skin flap reposition of the nasal, septal and alar base of the nose. The article is accompanied by very clear operative illustrations, clinical photos and pre and postoperative results. The excellence of the postoperative result is striking and the article is recommended for all those interested in the cleft-lip child and its repair.--A. B. Sokol Palatoplasty Without Elevation of Mucoperiosteal Flap on t h e Cleft Side. N. lsshiki and H. Koyama. Ann Plast Surg
457461, (June), 1980. The ideal palatoplasty should follow the requirements of: Cleft closure without tension; long and mobile velum (soft palate); no growth disturbance; and simple procedure. The authors report on a modification of several techniques to be used in selected cases. The technique consists of the mobilization of a palatal flap on the noncleft side of the hard palate and minimal mobilization, if any, from the cleft tissues. Thirteen patients with complete unilateral clefts and five patients with clefts of the soft palate alone, have been done in this manner. The authors report no serious complications. This procedure seems to be an exciting and innovative modification of established techniques that if used, seems to
ABSTRACTS
be a practical and easy solution for cleft palate surgery.--A. B. Sokol Dental Trauma in Children and Adolescents. R. Berkowitz,
S. Ludwig, and R. Johnson. Clin Pediatr 19:166-171, (March), 1980.
Traumatic dental injuries occur in approximately 10% of infants and children between the ages of 18 me and 18 yr. Peak chronological periods include (1) preschool--l-3 yr of age secondary to falls or child abuse, (2) school a g e - - 7 - 1 0 yr of age usually due to bicycle and playground accidents, and (3) adolescents--secondary to fights, athletic injuries, and vehicular accidents. Injuries are divided into two major groups. Those involving the hard dental tissues and pulp include uncomplicated and complicated crown fractures, crown-root fractures, and root fractures. Injuries involving the periodontal structures usually present as mobile and/or displaced teeth and account for 20% of all dental injuries to the permanent dentition and 70% of injuries to the primary dentition. The authors discuss five categories of peridontal injuries that include concussion, subluxation, intrusive subluxation, extrusive subluxation, and evulsion. The authors caution that children with dental trauma should be evaluated neurologically and that tetanus is indicated when oral cavity integrity is violated.--Randall W. Powell Familial Clustering of Tonsillectomies and Adenoidectoroles. D. Katznelson and S. Gross. Clin Pediatr 19:276-283,
(April), 1980. Eighty-one patients undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T and A) and 88 patients in a control group were compared relative to age, sex, ethnic group, socioeconomic level, living conditions, and history of T and A in parents or siblings. The only statistically significant difference occured in the last variable, i.e., parental or sibling T and A. In the 141 sibs of the 81 T and A patients 61 (43.2%) had undergone T and A in the past while only 13 of the 169 sibs of the 88 control patients (7.7%) had previous T and A. Of the 81 T and A patients both parents had previous T and A in 15 cases (18.5%) and one parent in 43 cases (53%) while similar figures in the control group (88 patients) were 4 (4.5%) and 15 (17.1%), respectively. This distinct familial clustering could be due to genetic, environmental or attitudinal factors.--Randall W. Powell Recurrent Parotitis During Childhood. W. R. Wilson, R. D. Eavey, and D. HI. Lang. Clin Pediatr 19:235 236, (March), 1980.
A 5-yr-old male presented with four episodes of right parotitis. Forty-eight hours prior to his fifth episode he accidentally bit the right bnccal mucosa while eating and examination revealed an area of erythema, edema, and teeth marks. Two subsequent episodes of right parotitis also occurred after similar buccal trauma. Etiologies proposed for recurrent parotitis in children include autoimmune disease, congenital sialectasis, ductal strictures, low secretions, allergy, and orthodontic appliances. The authors suggest that accidental trauma during eating may account for some of the recurrent bouts of parotitis in children.--Randall W. Powell