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Refraction and Its Components During the Growth of the Eye from the Age of Three
1276
BOOK REVIEWS
proof of function" describes a useful clini cal method (resting the light of an ophthal moscope on the clinician's little finger which is everting the lower lid and pressing lightly on the eyeball while moving the light back and forth or up and down). This is a useful test that gives information regarding the function of the fovea and visual paths. Derrick Vail.
REFRACTION AND ITS COMPONENTS DURING THE GROWTH OF THE EYE FROM THE AGE
OF THREE. By Arnold Sorsby, M.D., B. Benjamin, M.D., and Michael Sheridan, M.D. 1961, London, Her Majesty's Sta tionery Office. Paperbound, 67 pages, il lustrated, bibliography. Price: 9 s. 6 d. This monograph supplements an earlier publication by the same authors in which was demonstrated the tendency to co-ordination of the refractive elements in the adult eye. The present study of 1,530 subjects aged from three to 22 years showed that between the ages of three and 13 years the ocular re fraction declined 2.0D., the axial length in creased 1.0 mm., the lens power declined 1.5D. and the mean value for the cornea varied but little. In a follow-up study of 440 subjects re-examined after two to six years, it was found that axial elongation may not occur and that then there was little or no change in the cornea and lens. Those with moderate or even rather marked axial elonga tion tended to be compensated by flattening of both the lens and cornea. Others with greater axial elongation, up to 0.5 mm. or
more per annum, showed a failure of full compensation. James E. Lebensohn. By Marcello Laurentino de Azevedo. Sào Paulo, 1962. 89 pages. This monograph is a doctoral thesis sub mitted to the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Sâo Paulo. The paper deals with a morphologic study of smears and scrapings stained by the Papanicolaou method. After a historical review, the writer dis cusses the histologie aspects of the con junctiva, cornea and lacrimai glands and the technique of staining. He then takes up the cytologie characteristics of normal exfoliated cells from the superficial, intermediate and deep layers of the epithelium, and of inflam matory cells. Examination of the vitreous from enucleated eyes revealed previously described large cells. Positive cytodiagnosis was made in some cases of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the eyelids and bulbar conjunctiva, as well as of aspiration biopsies made immediately following enucleation of eyes containing retinoblastoma. The last two chapters are devoted to the results of cytologie examination of various ocular pathologic conditions (conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, chemosis, pemphigus, radiation effects and postoperative states). This work closes with a complete bibliography and 36 illustrations. Charles A. Perera. CITOLOGIA OCULAR.
BOOK REVIEWS
proof of function" describes a useful clini cal method (resting the light of an ophthal moscope on the clinician's little finger which is everting the lower lid and pressing lightly on the eyeball while moving the light back and forth or up and down). This is a useful test that gives information regarding the function of the fovea and visual paths. Derrick Vail.
REFRACTION AND ITS COMPONENTS DURING THE GROWTH OF THE EYE FROM THE AGE
OF THREE. By Arnold Sorsby, M.D., B. Benjamin, M.D., and Michael Sheridan, M.D. 1961, London, Her Majesty's Sta tionery Office. Paperbound, 67 pages, il lustrated, bibliography. Price: 9 s. 6 d. This monograph supplements an earlier publication by the same authors in which was demonstrated the tendency to co-ordination of the refractive elements in the adult eye. The present study of 1,530 subjects aged from three to 22 years showed that between the ages of three and 13 years the ocular re fraction declined 2.0D., the axial length in creased 1.0 mm., the lens power declined 1.5D. and the mean value for the cornea varied but little. In a follow-up study of 440 subjects re-examined after two to six years, it was found that axial elongation may not occur and that then there was little or no change in the cornea and lens. Those with moderate or even rather marked axial elonga tion tended to be compensated by flattening of both the lens and cornea. Others with greater axial elongation, up to 0.5 mm. or
more per annum, showed a failure of full compensation. James E. Lebensohn. By Marcello Laurentino de Azevedo. Sào Paulo, 1962. 89 pages. This monograph is a doctoral thesis sub mitted to the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Sâo Paulo. The paper deals with a morphologic study of smears and scrapings stained by the Papanicolaou method. After a historical review, the writer dis cusses the histologie aspects of the con junctiva, cornea and lacrimai glands and the technique of staining. He then takes up the cytologie characteristics of normal exfoliated cells from the superficial, intermediate and deep layers of the epithelium, and of inflam matory cells. Examination of the vitreous from enucleated eyes revealed previously described large cells. Positive cytodiagnosis was made in some cases of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the eyelids and bulbar conjunctiva, as well as of aspiration biopsies made immediately following enucleation of eyes containing retinoblastoma. The last two chapters are devoted to the results of cytologie examination of various ocular pathologic conditions (conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, chemosis, pemphigus, radiation effects and postoperative states). This work closes with a complete bibliography and 36 illustrations. Charles A. Perera. CITOLOGIA OCULAR.