- Email: [email protected]
REGULAR EXERCISE REDUCED PLASMATIC LEVELS OF IL-6 INWOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
Poster Sessions PO23 Exercise intake in control rats to a greater extent than that observed in exercised ones, whereas inhibitors of AMPK had the opposite effect. Exercise was associated with both reduced phosphorylation of the AMPK/ACC signaling pathway and increased phosphorylation of proteins involved in mTOR signal transduction in the hypothalamus.Treatment with leptin reduced food intake in exercised rats that were pretreated with vehicle, although no increase in sensitivity to leptin-induced anorexia after pretreatment with anti-IL6 antibody, AICAR or Rapamycin was detected. Conclusion: Thus, improved responses of AMPK and mTOR to leptin may contribute to the appetite suppressive actions of exercise. PO23-334
A COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE, PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTION AND PERCEPTION IN INACTIVE AND ACTIVE PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
H. Arikan 1 , S. Savci 1 , M. Saglam 1 , D. Inal-Ince 1 , M. Bosnak-Guclu 1 , L. Tokgozoglu 2 , M. Demircin 3 . 1 School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, 2 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
PO23-335
A 6-WEEK PROTOCOL BASED ON EXERCISE AND SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVED TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN ATHLETES WITH MENTAL RETARDATION FROM SPECIAL OLYMPICS
F.J. Ordonez 2 , M. Rosety 2 , I. Rosety 2 , M. Bernardi 3 , A. Diaz 4 , M.A. Rosety 5 , M. Rosety-Rodriguez 1 . 1 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 2 Human Anatomy Department, School of Medicine. University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 3 Physiology Department, School of Medicine, University La Sapienza Rome, Rome, Italy; 4 School of Sport Medicine,University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 5 School of Physical Activity, University of Europea Madrid, Madrid, Spain Background and aims: It is widely accepted high physical performance may be associated to oxidtive damage. Further, individuals with mental retardation have been generally described as having high levels of oxidative stress. In order to improve their redox metabolism, the present study was undertaken to ascertain the influence of a mixed protocol based on regular exercise and antioxidant supplementation in total antioxidant status (TAS) in athletes with mental retardation since it has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis, cell aging, etc. Methods: Fifty-five high-performance athletes with mental retardation from Special Olympics volunteered for this study (21.6±1.8 years-old). Fourty were randomly included in experimental group to perform a 6-week
protocol including exercise (low-moderate intensity aerobic exercise before breakfast 3 times per week) and supplementation (1g ascorbic acid + 400 UI α-tocopherol 6 times per week). Control group included 15 age, sex, trained and BMI-matched athletes with metal retardation that did not perform our protocol. Written informed consent was obtained. Further our protocol was approved by an institutional ethic committee. Plasmatic TAS were determined by commercial kits supplied by Randox 72-hours before starting the protocol (pre-test) and after its ending (post-test). Results: When compared to baseline TAS levels were increased significantly after our 6-week protocol (0.41±0.08 vs 0.83±0.1 mmol/l; p<0.05). No changes were reported in controls. Conclusions: It was concluded a 6-week mixed protocol improved significantly antioxidant system in athletes with mental retardation. Further studies on this topic are highly required. PO23-336
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
E. Teixeira de Lemos 1,2 , F. Reis 1 , S. Baptista 1 , R. Pinto 3 , B. Sepodes 3 , H. Vala 2 , P. Rocha Pereira 4 , A. Santos Silva 5 , F. Teixeira 1 . 1 Therapeutics Unit, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medicine Faculty, Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal; 2 Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal; 3 Pharmacology and Pharmacotoxicology Unit, Pharmacy School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 4 Departament of Chemistry, University of Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal; 5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Background: Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation is a feature of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is evidence that regular exercise is effective as a treatment in these situations. This study intended to assess the levels of two inflammatory mediators, C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin in Zucker Diabetic Fatty ZDF (fa/fa) rats an experimental model of T2D; and whether exerciseinduced changes in insulin resistance could be explained by modifications in these inflammation markers. Material/Methods: Male ZDF (Gmi fa/fa) rats and their littermates (Gmi +/+), aged 8 weeks, were randomly assigned in two groups: an exercise trained and a sedentary one. Swimming was conducted 1h/day, 3 days/week, for 12 weeks. The rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last bout exercise. Rats had their body weight, insulin, adiponectin and CRP as well as glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides, MDA and SOD levels measured and HOMA-IR calculated before and after the 12 weeks swimming training. Results: In the ZDF (fa/fa) rats underwent swimming exercise all the metabolic abnormalities were totally or partially prevented (p<0.001), namely the hyperglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic and dislipidaemic pattern observed in their sedentary counterparts. Furthermore, even without body weight change, a plasma adiponectin increase (28.0%) and a CRP decrease (12.7%) were also observed. Concomitantly swimming training decreased MDA (25%) and increased SOD (46%) levels. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that a 12 weeks thrice-weekly swimming training might blunt exercise-related inflammation, reducing the oxidative stress and increasing the antioxidant defences resulting in an insulin improvement. PO23-337
REGULAR EXERCISE REDUCED PLASMATIC LEVELS OF IL-6 IN WOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
M. Rosety-Rodriguez 1 , I. Rosety 2 , F. Gomez 3 , J. Meletis 4 , M.A. Rosety 5 , M. Rosety 2 , F.J. Ordonez 2 . 1 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 2 Human Anatomy Department, School of Medicine. University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 3 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Puerto Real Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 4 Hematology Department, Laiko Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 5 School of Physical Activity, University of Europea Madrid, Madrid, Spain Background and aims: It is widely accepted individuals with metabolic syndrome presented a proinflammatory state that may finally result in an increased cardiovascular risk profile. The present study was designed to determine the influence of regular exercise on proinflammatory biomarkers in women with metabolic syndrome.
77th Congress of the European Atherosclerosis Society, April 26–29, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey
POSTER SESSIONS
Background and aims: The aim of this study was to compare quality of life, psychosocial function and fatigue perception in physically inactive and active patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Twenty five (20 male, 5 female) inactive patients (mean age 59.88±11.10 years) and twenty three (20 male, 3 female) active patients (mean age 59.70±9.58 years) participated in this study. Physical activity level was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Quality of life was determined using Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Psychosocial function was determined using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Functional capacity was assessed using six-minute walk test (6MWT). Heart rate, oxygen saturation, dyspnea (modified Borg scale) and fatigue perception (visual analogue scale) was recorded before and after the test. Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, smoking history and other risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia) between physically inactive and active patients with CAD (p>0.05). HADS depression score, NHP pain subscale, NHP physical activity, and NHP total score were significantly lower in physically active patients with CAD (p<0.05) than those of inactive patients. There was no significant difference in 6MWT distance (p>0.05) but exercise fatigue perception and respiratory rate of inactive patients were significantly higher than those of sufficiently active patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Quality of life and depression are affected by physical activity level in patients with CAD. Inactive patients with CAD had higher fatigue perception and respiratory rate during despite preserved functional capacity.
99
100
Poster Sessions PO24 Genetic polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk
Methods: Sixty young women with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria reported by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III volunteered for this study. Fourty five were randomly included in experimental group to perform a 12-week aerobic training program, 3 days/week, consisting of warm up (10 min), main part (20-35 min [increasing 5 minutes each three weeks]) at a work intensity of 60-75% of peak heart rate (increasing 5% each three weeks) and cool-down (10 min). Control group included 15 age, sex and BMI-matched women with metabolic syndrome that will not perform any training program. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Further our protocol was approved by an institutional ethic committee. Plasmatic Interleukin-6 (Il-6) levels were assessed by ELISA twice: 72-hours before starting the program (pre-test) and after its ending (post-test). Results: When compared to baseline IL-6 levels were decreased significantly after being exercised (7.2±1.2 vs 5.6±1.1 pg/ml; p<0.05). On the contrary no changes were reported in controls. Conclusions: It may be concluded regular exercise may reduce proinflammatory biomarkers in women with metabolic syndrome. Further studies on this topic are required. PO23-338
PREDICTORS OF BLOOD PRESSURE DURING 3 MONTHS WEIGHT LOSS REGIMEN IN EARLY-POSTMENOPAUSAL OVERWEIGHT WOMEN
H. Shin, P.-Y. Liu, S. Pounds, A.P. Crombie, J.Z. Ilich. Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida Background and Aims: Increased blood pressure is linked to overweight but it is not quite clear which component of anthropometric measures has the highest influence on BP. The aim was to examine the most influential predictors of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure at baseline and after 3-month of weight reduction. Methods: Participants were 74 early-postmenopausal overweight Caucasian women in good health and normotensive. Parameters measured were: height, weight, waist, abdomen and hip circumference and total body composition by iDXA. Weight-loss protocol consisted of energy restriction with calcium supplements or placebo (double blind), and low-fat dairy foods. In this preliminary analysis, all participants were pooled together and no distinction among groups with regard to calcium was made. Results: After 3 months participants lost ∼8kg and dropped in weight from 88.2±18.7kg to 80.3±12.4kg and in BMI from 33.0±6.8kg/m2 to 30.3±4.4kg/m2 (Mean±SD). SBP/DBP dropped from 125.9±15/81.3±8.7mmHg to 109.6±15.5/73.9mmHg. Waist, abdominal and hip circumferences decreased by 5%, 6% and 3%, respectively, all statistically significant (p<0.05). Most influential predictor of SBP at baseline and 3-month was android fat (derived from total body iDXA) followed by weight (in multiple regression models controlled for age). DBP was influenced by gynoid fat (from iDXA) and BMI. None of the measured circumferences were significantly related to SBP/DBP. Conclusions: Although participants as a group have not reached their desirable weight and were not hypertensive, the modest reduction in weight and subsequent loss of fat in abdominal and hip regions lead to significant decrease in both SBP and DBP. PO23-339
EFFECT OF LONG-TERM AQUATIC NON-EXHAUSTION EXERCISE IN RATS WITH 5/6 NEPHRECTOMY
Ü. Pechter 1 , Z. Riispere 2 , I. Kalev 3 , K. Kõlvald 1 , M. Rosenberg 1 . of Internal medicine/Tartu University Hospitals, Tartu, Estonia; 2 Department of General and Molecular Pathology,Tartu University,Estonia; 3 Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Tartu University, Estonia 1 Department
Background: Chronic uremia is associated with multifactorial immunoinflammatory syndrome where proteinuria and hypertension are present already in the early stages of chronic renal failure (CRF). Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of swimming exercise to the rate of progression of experimental CRF after 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6NPX). Methods: Wistar rats were divided into matched groups and studied during 18 weeks. Exercise group was subjected to thermoneutral water immersion and swimming without exhaustion 30 min daily for 12 weeks. Control groups remained sedentary. Chronic studies of systolic blood pres-
sure (mmHg) and urinary protein excretion rate (mg/24h) were performed biweekly. Renal morphology was studied at the end of the study. Results: Proteinuria was reduced significantly (2,9±0,7 vs 10,1±3,1) in trained compared to sedentary animals and the degree of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis was much less prominent. The main systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in sedentary 5/6NPX animals compared to the swimming-exercise group (177,8±4,9 vs 135,5±5,8). Conclusion: These results point on the additional renoprotective properties of long-term water immersion and daily exercise in rats with CFR.
PO24 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PO24-340
APOPOLIPOPROTEIN(A) POLYMORPHISMS AND LIPOPROTEIN(A) IN MACEDONIAN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1
K. Tosheska-Trajkovska, D. Labudovic, S. Alabakovska, B. Todorova. Department of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical faculty,Skopje, R. Macedonia Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is composed of ApoB-100 and apolipoprotein(a) [Apo(a)] - protein unique for Lp(a). High plasma Lp(a) levels as well as small apo(a) isoform sizes are thought to be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis development. Children with diabetes mellitus are prone to early development of atherosclerosis. Apo(a) polymorphisms and Lp(a) plasma concentrations have been investigated in 60 children with diabetes mellitus type 1, aged 9-17 years. The control group consisted of 100 healthy children. We used sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for separation of apo(a) isoforms. Both groups had the highest proportion of single-banded phenotypes in comparison with double-banded phenotypes: 50.0% vs. 46.67% for patients and 53.0% vs. 43.0% for controls. In both groups we detected higher prevalence of large size apo(a) isoforms (more than KIV22 repets) in comparison with small apo(a) isoform sizes (less than KIV22 repeats) (83.3% vs. 13.33% for diabetics and 85% vs.11% for controls, respectively). Most of the subjects (90%) had Lp(a) concentrations below the risk limit of 30 mg/dL. Lp(a) plasma levels did not significantly differ among both groups (14.97±12.16 mg/dL; median 9.62, in diabetics and 12.95±9.01, median 9.62, in controls). PO24-341
ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISMS OF THE NUCLEAR RECEPTOR PPARG GENE IN OBESE INDIVIDUALS FROM SOUTHERN ITALY
V. Costa 1 , A. Casamassimi 1,2 , A. Villani 3 , F. Santangelo 3 , A. Ciccodicola 1 . 1 Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, IGB-CNR, Naples, Italy; 2 Department of General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Italy; 3 Department of Neuroscience, Federico II University of Naples, Italy Background and Aims: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder, with a growing rate in industrialized countries that predisposes to the onset of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiopathies. In the last years obesity has undergone an increase in the incidence, even in the population from Italy, increasing public healthy cost. It has been proposed that combinations of polymorphisms in adiposity genes can increase fat mass, leading to obesity. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma gene (PPARG) is a transcription factor, widely studied for its associations in obesity and others metabolic disorders susceptibility, even though association studies results are quite unclear. In this preliminary study, we have analysed five different PPARG polymorphisms in 205 obese patients in order to demonstrate the involvement of this gene in predisposing to obesity onset. Methods: A cohort of 205 obese and 254 control individuals, belonging to the same region (Southern Italy), was genotyped for five known PPARG polymorphisms, Pro12Ala, Pro115Glu, C1431T, C-2821T, and for a newly identified SNP, by gene-specific PCR analysis and direct sequencing. Results: Preliminary data show the Pro115Glu and C-2821T polymorphisms are not present in our analysed population. Furthermore, a statistically significant decrease was found for 1431T allele frequency when patients with obesity, particularly women, were compared with healthy control individuals. Conclusion: The analysis revealed that 1431T allele is associated with reduced BMI in obese individuals, showing this allele to be a genetic
77th Congress of the European Atherosclerosis Society, April 26–29, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey
A COMPARISON OF QUALITY OF LIFE, PSYCHOSOCIAL FUNCTION AND PERCEPTION IN INACTIVE AND ACTIVE PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
H. Arikan 1 , S. Savci 1 , M. Saglam 1 , D. Inal-Ince 1 , M. Bosnak-Guclu 1 , L. Tokgozoglu 2 , M. Demircin 3 . 1 School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, 2 Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
PO23-335
A 6-WEEK PROTOCOL BASED ON EXERCISE AND SUPPLEMENTATION IMPROVED TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN ATHLETES WITH MENTAL RETARDATION FROM SPECIAL OLYMPICS
F.J. Ordonez 2 , M. Rosety 2 , I. Rosety 2 , M. Bernardi 3 , A. Diaz 4 , M.A. Rosety 5 , M. Rosety-Rodriguez 1 . 1 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 2 Human Anatomy Department, School of Medicine. University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 3 Physiology Department, School of Medicine, University La Sapienza Rome, Rome, Italy; 4 School of Sport Medicine,University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 5 School of Physical Activity, University of Europea Madrid, Madrid, Spain Background and aims: It is widely accepted high physical performance may be associated to oxidtive damage. Further, individuals with mental retardation have been generally described as having high levels of oxidative stress. In order to improve their redox metabolism, the present study was undertaken to ascertain the influence of a mixed protocol based on regular exercise and antioxidant supplementation in total antioxidant status (TAS) in athletes with mental retardation since it has been proposed as a pathogenic mechanism of atherosclerosis, cell aging, etc. Methods: Fifty-five high-performance athletes with mental retardation from Special Olympics volunteered for this study (21.6±1.8 years-old). Fourty were randomly included in experimental group to perform a 6-week
protocol including exercise (low-moderate intensity aerobic exercise before breakfast 3 times per week) and supplementation (1g ascorbic acid + 400 UI α-tocopherol 6 times per week). Control group included 15 age, sex, trained and BMI-matched athletes with metal retardation that did not perform our protocol. Written informed consent was obtained. Further our protocol was approved by an institutional ethic committee. Plasmatic TAS were determined by commercial kits supplied by Randox 72-hours before starting the protocol (pre-test) and after its ending (post-test). Results: When compared to baseline TAS levels were increased significantly after our 6-week protocol (0.41±0.08 vs 0.83±0.1 mmol/l; p<0.05). No changes were reported in controls. Conclusions: It was concluded a 6-week mixed protocol improved significantly antioxidant system in athletes with mental retardation. Further studies on this topic are highly required. PO23-336
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY THERAPY IN AN ANIMAL MODEL OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
E. Teixeira de Lemos 1,2 , F. Reis 1 , S. Baptista 1 , R. Pinto 3 , B. Sepodes 3 , H. Vala 2 , P. Rocha Pereira 4 , A. Santos Silva 5 , F. Teixeira 1 . 1 Therapeutics Unit, Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medicine Faculty, Coimbra University, Coimbra, Portugal; 2 Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal; 3 Pharmacology and Pharmacotoxicology Unit, Pharmacy School, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; 4 Departament of Chemistry, University of Beira Interior, Covilha, Portugal; 5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal Background: Chronic low-grade systemic inflammation is a feature of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (T2D). There is evidence that regular exercise is effective as a treatment in these situations. This study intended to assess the levels of two inflammatory mediators, C-reactive protein (CRP) and adiponectin in Zucker Diabetic Fatty ZDF (fa/fa) rats an experimental model of T2D; and whether exerciseinduced changes in insulin resistance could be explained by modifications in these inflammation markers. Material/Methods: Male ZDF (Gmi fa/fa) rats and their littermates (Gmi +/+), aged 8 weeks, were randomly assigned in two groups: an exercise trained and a sedentary one. Swimming was conducted 1h/day, 3 days/week, for 12 weeks. The rats were sacrificed 48 h after the last bout exercise. Rats had their body weight, insulin, adiponectin and CRP as well as glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides, MDA and SOD levels measured and HOMA-IR calculated before and after the 12 weeks swimming training. Results: In the ZDF (fa/fa) rats underwent swimming exercise all the metabolic abnormalities were totally or partially prevented (p<0.001), namely the hyperglycaemic, hyperinsulinaemic and dislipidaemic pattern observed in their sedentary counterparts. Furthermore, even without body weight change, a plasma adiponectin increase (28.0%) and a CRP decrease (12.7%) were also observed. Concomitantly swimming training decreased MDA (25%) and increased SOD (46%) levels. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that a 12 weeks thrice-weekly swimming training might blunt exercise-related inflammation, reducing the oxidative stress and increasing the antioxidant defences resulting in an insulin improvement. PO23-337
REGULAR EXERCISE REDUCED PLASMATIC LEVELS OF IL-6 IN WOMEN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME
M. Rosety-Rodriguez 1 , I. Rosety 2 , F. Gomez 3 , J. Meletis 4 , M.A. Rosety 5 , M. Rosety 2 , F.J. Ordonez 2 . 1 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 2 Human Anatomy Department, School of Medicine. University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 3 Medicine Department, School of Medicine, Puerto Real Hospital, University of Cadiz, Cadiz, Spain; 4 Hematology Department, Laiko Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece; 5 School of Physical Activity, University of Europea Madrid, Madrid, Spain Background and aims: It is widely accepted individuals with metabolic syndrome presented a proinflammatory state that may finally result in an increased cardiovascular risk profile. The present study was designed to determine the influence of regular exercise on proinflammatory biomarkers in women with metabolic syndrome.
77th Congress of the European Atherosclerosis Society, April 26–29, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey
POSTER SESSIONS
Background and aims: The aim of this study was to compare quality of life, psychosocial function and fatigue perception in physically inactive and active patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Twenty five (20 male, 5 female) inactive patients (mean age 59.88±11.10 years) and twenty three (20 male, 3 female) active patients (mean age 59.70±9.58 years) participated in this study. Physical activity level was measured using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Quality of life was determined using Nottingham Health Profile (NHP). Psychosocial function was determined using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Functional capacity was assessed using six-minute walk test (6MWT). Heart rate, oxygen saturation, dyspnea (modified Borg scale) and fatigue perception (visual analogue scale) was recorded before and after the test. Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, smoking history and other risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia) between physically inactive and active patients with CAD (p>0.05). HADS depression score, NHP pain subscale, NHP physical activity, and NHP total score were significantly lower in physically active patients with CAD (p<0.05) than those of inactive patients. There was no significant difference in 6MWT distance (p>0.05) but exercise fatigue perception and respiratory rate of inactive patients were significantly higher than those of sufficiently active patients (p<0.05). Conclusions: Quality of life and depression are affected by physical activity level in patients with CAD. Inactive patients with CAD had higher fatigue perception and respiratory rate during despite preserved functional capacity.
99
100
Poster Sessions PO24 Genetic polymorphisms and cardiovascular risk
Methods: Sixty young women with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria reported by the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III volunteered for this study. Fourty five were randomly included in experimental group to perform a 12-week aerobic training program, 3 days/week, consisting of warm up (10 min), main part (20-35 min [increasing 5 minutes each three weeks]) at a work intensity of 60-75% of peak heart rate (increasing 5% each three weeks) and cool-down (10 min). Control group included 15 age, sex and BMI-matched women with metabolic syndrome that will not perform any training program. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Further our protocol was approved by an institutional ethic committee. Plasmatic Interleukin-6 (Il-6) levels were assessed by ELISA twice: 72-hours before starting the program (pre-test) and after its ending (post-test). Results: When compared to baseline IL-6 levels were decreased significantly after being exercised (7.2±1.2 vs 5.6±1.1 pg/ml; p<0.05). On the contrary no changes were reported in controls. Conclusions: It may be concluded regular exercise may reduce proinflammatory biomarkers in women with metabolic syndrome. Further studies on this topic are required. PO23-338
PREDICTORS OF BLOOD PRESSURE DURING 3 MONTHS WEIGHT LOSS REGIMEN IN EARLY-POSTMENOPAUSAL OVERWEIGHT WOMEN
H. Shin, P.-Y. Liu, S. Pounds, A.P. Crombie, J.Z. Ilich. Nutrition, Food and Exercise Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida Background and Aims: Increased blood pressure is linked to overweight but it is not quite clear which component of anthropometric measures has the highest influence on BP. The aim was to examine the most influential predictors of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure at baseline and after 3-month of weight reduction. Methods: Participants were 74 early-postmenopausal overweight Caucasian women in good health and normotensive. Parameters measured were: height, weight, waist, abdomen and hip circumference and total body composition by iDXA. Weight-loss protocol consisted of energy restriction with calcium supplements or placebo (double blind), and low-fat dairy foods. In this preliminary analysis, all participants were pooled together and no distinction among groups with regard to calcium was made. Results: After 3 months participants lost ∼8kg and dropped in weight from 88.2±18.7kg to 80.3±12.4kg and in BMI from 33.0±6.8kg/m2 to 30.3±4.4kg/m2 (Mean±SD). SBP/DBP dropped from 125.9±15/81.3±8.7mmHg to 109.6±15.5/73.9mmHg. Waist, abdominal and hip circumferences decreased by 5%, 6% and 3%, respectively, all statistically significant (p<0.05). Most influential predictor of SBP at baseline and 3-month was android fat (derived from total body iDXA) followed by weight (in multiple regression models controlled for age). DBP was influenced by gynoid fat (from iDXA) and BMI. None of the measured circumferences were significantly related to SBP/DBP. Conclusions: Although participants as a group have not reached their desirable weight and were not hypertensive, the modest reduction in weight and subsequent loss of fat in abdominal and hip regions lead to significant decrease in both SBP and DBP. PO23-339
EFFECT OF LONG-TERM AQUATIC NON-EXHAUSTION EXERCISE IN RATS WITH 5/6 NEPHRECTOMY
Ü. Pechter 1 , Z. Riispere 2 , I. Kalev 3 , K. Kõlvald 1 , M. Rosenberg 1 . of Internal medicine/Tartu University Hospitals, Tartu, Estonia; 2 Department of General and Molecular Pathology,Tartu University,Estonia; 3 Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, Tartu University, Estonia 1 Department
Background: Chronic uremia is associated with multifactorial immunoinflammatory syndrome where proteinuria and hypertension are present already in the early stages of chronic renal failure (CRF). Aim: The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of swimming exercise to the rate of progression of experimental CRF after 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6NPX). Methods: Wistar rats were divided into matched groups and studied during 18 weeks. Exercise group was subjected to thermoneutral water immersion and swimming without exhaustion 30 min daily for 12 weeks. Control groups remained sedentary. Chronic studies of systolic blood pres-
sure (mmHg) and urinary protein excretion rate (mg/24h) were performed biweekly. Renal morphology was studied at the end of the study. Results: Proteinuria was reduced significantly (2,9±0,7 vs 10,1±3,1) in trained compared to sedentary animals and the degree of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis was much less prominent. The main systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in sedentary 5/6NPX animals compared to the swimming-exercise group (177,8±4,9 vs 135,5±5,8). Conclusion: These results point on the additional renoprotective properties of long-term water immersion and daily exercise in rats with CFR.
PO24 GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK PO24-340
APOPOLIPOPROTEIN(A) POLYMORPHISMS AND LIPOPROTEIN(A) IN MACEDONIAN CHILDREN WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1
K. Tosheska-Trajkovska, D. Labudovic, S. Alabakovska, B. Todorova. Department of Medical and Experimental Biochemistry, Medical faculty,Skopje, R. Macedonia Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is composed of ApoB-100 and apolipoprotein(a) [Apo(a)] - protein unique for Lp(a). High plasma Lp(a) levels as well as small apo(a) isoform sizes are thought to be an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis development. Children with diabetes mellitus are prone to early development of atherosclerosis. Apo(a) polymorphisms and Lp(a) plasma concentrations have been investigated in 60 children with diabetes mellitus type 1, aged 9-17 years. The control group consisted of 100 healthy children. We used sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for separation of apo(a) isoforms. Both groups had the highest proportion of single-banded phenotypes in comparison with double-banded phenotypes: 50.0% vs. 46.67% for patients and 53.0% vs. 43.0% for controls. In both groups we detected higher prevalence of large size apo(a) isoforms (more than KIV22 repets) in comparison with small apo(a) isoform sizes (less than KIV22 repeats) (83.3% vs. 13.33% for diabetics and 85% vs.11% for controls, respectively). Most of the subjects (90%) had Lp(a) concentrations below the risk limit of 30 mg/dL. Lp(a) plasma levels did not significantly differ among both groups (14.97±12.16 mg/dL; median 9.62, in diabetics and 12.95±9.01, median 9.62, in controls). PO24-341
ANALYSIS OF POLYMORPHISMS OF THE NUCLEAR RECEPTOR PPARG GENE IN OBESE INDIVIDUALS FROM SOUTHERN ITALY
V. Costa 1 , A. Casamassimi 1,2 , A. Villani 3 , F. Santangelo 3 , A. Ciccodicola 1 . 1 Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, IGB-CNR, Naples, Italy; 2 Department of General Pathology, Second University of Naples, Italy; 3 Department of Neuroscience, Federico II University of Naples, Italy Background and Aims: Obesity is a chronic metabolic disorder, with a growing rate in industrialized countries that predisposes to the onset of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiopathies. In the last years obesity has undergone an increase in the incidence, even in the population from Italy, increasing public healthy cost. It has been proposed that combinations of polymorphisms in adiposity genes can increase fat mass, leading to obesity. Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma gene (PPARG) is a transcription factor, widely studied for its associations in obesity and others metabolic disorders susceptibility, even though association studies results are quite unclear. In this preliminary study, we have analysed five different PPARG polymorphisms in 205 obese patients in order to demonstrate the involvement of this gene in predisposing to obesity onset. Methods: A cohort of 205 obese and 254 control individuals, belonging to the same region (Southern Italy), was genotyped for five known PPARG polymorphisms, Pro12Ala, Pro115Glu, C1431T, C-2821T, and for a newly identified SNP, by gene-specific PCR analysis and direct sequencing. Results: Preliminary data show the Pro115Glu and C-2821T polymorphisms are not present in our analysed population. Furthermore, a statistically significant decrease was found for 1431T allele frequency when patients with obesity, particularly women, were compared with healthy control individuals. Conclusion: The analysis revealed that 1431T allele is associated with reduced BMI in obese individuals, showing this allele to be a genetic
77th Congress of the European Atherosclerosis Society, April 26–29, 2008, Istanbul, Turkey