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Reliability of pressure insoles to assess normal ground reaction forces during gait of healthy people
Abstracts / Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine 60S (2017) e39–e43
e43
Strengths of significant associations are moderate, but nevertheless comparable to associations between self-reported and objective estimates of functional limitations found in the literature. Finally, estimating gait quality in real-life conditions may add useful information to the classical walking ability assessment (i.e. the 6 MWT). Keywords Accelerometers; Gait analysis; Legged locomotion; Musculoskeletal pain; Wearable sensors Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
conducted to evaluate their reliability in long time use, to estimate the intra and interoperator error, and to set up a validated protocol with injured patients. However the biofeedback of NGrF in real time with these embedded sensors open perspectives in rehabilitation. Keywords Insoles; Rehabilitation; Gait Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.183
P080
P078
Reliability of pressure insoles to assess normal ground reaction forces during gait of healthy people Coralie Villa 1,∗ , Isabelle Loiret 2 , Boris Dauriac 3 , Xavier Bonnet 3 , Joseph Bascou 1 , Pascale Fode 1 , Noel Martinet 2 , Jean Paysant 2 , Hélène Pillet 3 1 INI, CERAH, Créteil, France 2 UGECAMNE Nord-Est, institut régional de médecine physique et de réadaptation, Nancy, France 3 Arts et métiers ParisTech, institut de biomécanique humaine Georges-Charpak, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Villa) Objective Pressure insoles are developed to be placed in the shoes and provide embedded measurement of the pressure or/and nor® mal ground reaction forces (NGrF). Recently, Pedoped insoles were commercialized and consists in only one sensor providing NGrF in real-time biofeedback. As NGrF represents about 90% of ground reaction forces during gait, this device permits to record the lower limb loading during walking, standing or in other daily living activities. Thus, these insoles could be a useful tool in rehabilitation when dealing with gait asymmetry or load recovery. As the first step to evaluate the reliability of these insoles, the accuracy ® of NGrF measurement with Pedoped insoles was assessed during gait of healthy subjects. Material/patients and methods Five healthy subjects were ® recruited. All subjects were wearing the same shoes with Pedoped insoles placed inside. Data collection was carried out in a motion ® capture laboratory equipped with 4 AMTI force platforms (PFF). Subjects were asked to stamp each foot on a PFF during one minute at self-selected speed. PFF and insoles data were synchronized by detecting the first NGrF above 20 N for the two systems. About sixty cycles were considered per insole to compare NGrF to PFF measurements. The mean error on NGrF over all cycles and insoles was computed and normalized by the maximum NGrF. Bland-Altman plots, RMSE and NRMSE, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient were computed. Results A mean error on NGrF of 31.7 N (SD: 31.9 N) was obtained between insoles and PFF. It corresponds to 3.6% (± 3.7%) of maximum NGrF during stamping. RMSE and NRMSE were of 45.4 N and 5.2% respectively. A 0.99 correlation coefficient was obtained. Bland-Altman plots highlighted that the higher the NGrF the higher the error. Discussion, conclusion Results suggested that the insoles are reliable compared to force platforms. However, highest errors seemed to be associated to calibration issues. Thus, more works must be
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.184
Concurrent validity of footswitches analysis for the measurement of temporal gait parameters Charles Pradeau 1,∗ , Walter Daveluy 1 , Vincent Tiffreau 2 , Nadine Sturbois-Nachef 3 , Etienne Allart 1 1 CHRU de Lille, rééducation neurologique cérébrolésion, hôpital Swynghedauw, Lille, France 2 CHRU de Lille, médecine physique et Réadaptation, hôpital Swynghedauw, Lille, France 3 CHRU de Lille, service d’orthopédie B, hôpital Roger-Salengro, Lille, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Pradeau) ®
Objective The GAITRite system, according to the published data, appears to be an easy to use and validated device for gait analysis. However, it only allows acquisitions on short distances in a nonecological environment. In addition to this device, it could be interesting to use new embarked evaluation tools. The main aim of this study was to examine the concurrent validity of tem® poral parameters recorded by the portable Zero Wire, AURION ® footswitch system in comparison to the GAITRite mat. Material/patients and methods In a single center prospective study, 40 healthy subjects were included. Each subject had to walk at three different speeds (slow, normal, max) and temporal gait parameters were recorded at the same time by each system. To measure the validity of the footswitch system, we calculated inter class correlation coefficient (ICC) for each temporal parameter (step and cycle time, cadence, % of stance, % of single support, % of swing). Results Gait parameters recorded at maximum gait velocity showed the best concordance between the two assessments, with a majority of parameters demonstrating a very good validity (ICC > 0.91). At slow speed, the analysis revealed excellent results for gait cadence and step and cycle times, whereas validity was good (ICC > 0.71) to moderate (ICC > 0.51) for the other parameters. The validity profile was a little worse at normal speed, especially for % of swing and % of stance. ® Discussion, conclusion The Zero Wire, AURION , portable footswitch system, is a valid for temporal gait parameters assessment, particularly considering raw parameters. It provides the opportunity to assess gait parameters and variability in ecological conditions, particularly in dual-task gait protocols. Keywords Validity; Footswitches system; Temporal gait parameters Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.185
e43
Strengths of significant associations are moderate, but nevertheless comparable to associations between self-reported and objective estimates of functional limitations found in the literature. Finally, estimating gait quality in real-life conditions may add useful information to the classical walking ability assessment (i.e. the 6 MWT). Keywords Accelerometers; Gait analysis; Legged locomotion; Musculoskeletal pain; Wearable sensors Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
conducted to evaluate their reliability in long time use, to estimate the intra and interoperator error, and to set up a validated protocol with injured patients. However the biofeedback of NGrF in real time with these embedded sensors open perspectives in rehabilitation. Keywords Insoles; Rehabilitation; Gait Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.183
P080
P078
Reliability of pressure insoles to assess normal ground reaction forces during gait of healthy people Coralie Villa 1,∗ , Isabelle Loiret 2 , Boris Dauriac 3 , Xavier Bonnet 3 , Joseph Bascou 1 , Pascale Fode 1 , Noel Martinet 2 , Jean Paysant 2 , Hélène Pillet 3 1 INI, CERAH, Créteil, France 2 UGECAMNE Nord-Est, institut régional de médecine physique et de réadaptation, Nancy, France 3 Arts et métiers ParisTech, institut de biomécanique humaine Georges-Charpak, Paris, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Villa) Objective Pressure insoles are developed to be placed in the shoes and provide embedded measurement of the pressure or/and nor® mal ground reaction forces (NGrF). Recently, Pedoped insoles were commercialized and consists in only one sensor providing NGrF in real-time biofeedback. As NGrF represents about 90% of ground reaction forces during gait, this device permits to record the lower limb loading during walking, standing or in other daily living activities. Thus, these insoles could be a useful tool in rehabilitation when dealing with gait asymmetry or load recovery. As the first step to evaluate the reliability of these insoles, the accuracy ® of NGrF measurement with Pedoped insoles was assessed during gait of healthy subjects. Material/patients and methods Five healthy subjects were ® recruited. All subjects were wearing the same shoes with Pedoped insoles placed inside. Data collection was carried out in a motion ® capture laboratory equipped with 4 AMTI force platforms (PFF). Subjects were asked to stamp each foot on a PFF during one minute at self-selected speed. PFF and insoles data were synchronized by detecting the first NGrF above 20 N for the two systems. About sixty cycles were considered per insole to compare NGrF to PFF measurements. The mean error on NGrF over all cycles and insoles was computed and normalized by the maximum NGrF. Bland-Altman plots, RMSE and NRMSE, as well as Pearson correlation coefficient were computed. Results A mean error on NGrF of 31.7 N (SD: 31.9 N) was obtained between insoles and PFF. It corresponds to 3.6% (± 3.7%) of maximum NGrF during stamping. RMSE and NRMSE were of 45.4 N and 5.2% respectively. A 0.99 correlation coefficient was obtained. Bland-Altman plots highlighted that the higher the NGrF the higher the error. Discussion, conclusion Results suggested that the insoles are reliable compared to force platforms. However, highest errors seemed to be associated to calibration issues. Thus, more works must be
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.184
Concurrent validity of footswitches analysis for the measurement of temporal gait parameters Charles Pradeau 1,∗ , Walter Daveluy 1 , Vincent Tiffreau 2 , Nadine Sturbois-Nachef 3 , Etienne Allart 1 1 CHRU de Lille, rééducation neurologique cérébrolésion, hôpital Swynghedauw, Lille, France 2 CHRU de Lille, médecine physique et Réadaptation, hôpital Swynghedauw, Lille, France 3 CHRU de Lille, service d’orthopédie B, hôpital Roger-Salengro, Lille, France ∗ Corresponding author. E-mail address: [email protected] (C. Pradeau) ®
Objective The GAITRite system, according to the published data, appears to be an easy to use and validated device for gait analysis. However, it only allows acquisitions on short distances in a nonecological environment. In addition to this device, it could be interesting to use new embarked evaluation tools. The main aim of this study was to examine the concurrent validity of tem® poral parameters recorded by the portable Zero Wire, AURION ® footswitch system in comparison to the GAITRite mat. Material/patients and methods In a single center prospective study, 40 healthy subjects were included. Each subject had to walk at three different speeds (slow, normal, max) and temporal gait parameters were recorded at the same time by each system. To measure the validity of the footswitch system, we calculated inter class correlation coefficient (ICC) for each temporal parameter (step and cycle time, cadence, % of stance, % of single support, % of swing). Results Gait parameters recorded at maximum gait velocity showed the best concordance between the two assessments, with a majority of parameters demonstrating a very good validity (ICC > 0.91). At slow speed, the analysis revealed excellent results for gait cadence and step and cycle times, whereas validity was good (ICC > 0.71) to moderate (ICC > 0.51) for the other parameters. The validity profile was a little worse at normal speed, especially for % of swing and % of stance. ® Discussion, conclusion The Zero Wire, AURION , portable footswitch system, is a valid for temporal gait parameters assessment, particularly considering raw parameters. It provides the opportunity to assess gait parameters and variability in ecological conditions, particularly in dual-task gait protocols. Keywords Validity; Footswitches system; Temporal gait parameters Disclosure of interest The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2017.07.185