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REMARKABLE CASE OF EARLY MATERNITY.
601 side of the University, which is but scantily provided with these rewards, while in the Faculty of Arts there are 240 bursaries and various well endowed scholarships. The students of medicine in Aberdeen had now grown to be a large body, no less industrious and no less deserving than the students in the sister Faculty, and he saw no reason why scholarships and large rewards should be attached to the study of Latin and Greek and not to such studies as Chemistry, Anatomy, or Physiology. He trusted that intending benefactors of the University would keep in mind where there is plenty and where there is need.
MEDICAL NOTES IN PARLIAMENT. Means oJ Exit from Theatres. IN the House of Lords on Tuesday; Lord Kenmare, replyingto an inquiry by the Duke of St. Albans, said that the theatres had better means of exit than any other public buildings in the metropolis. In that respect they had been and the improvements were being continued. He would lay on the table a return relating to this subject.
Glanders. Mr. Mundella, in reply to Lord C. Hamilton, said there had no doubt been an increase in the number of cases rewith the ported of horses with glanders in 1880 as compared number in 1879, but it was believed that that was due to the more rigid enforcement in the latter year of the Act of 1878, and not to the greater prevalence of the infection. It was a fact that drinking troughs were one source of spreading the infection; and it was also true that horses infected were for the most part worked during the night hours, probably on account of the facility the darkness afforded of avoiding detection, but it must be remembered that when they were detected the penalties were more severe.
THE CHLOROTIC MURMUR.
To the Editor of THE LANCET. no fault to find with Dr. Bramwell’s quotaSIR,—I it is tion ; quite correct, but by no means warrants his conclusion. I still maintain that "the so-called basic murmur of chlorosis is never arterial." That, however, is not quite In the House of Commons on Thursday, 31st ult., a the same as " denying that the inorganic murmurs of petition was presented from Charles Colsten for inquiry chlorosis are ever arterial."In my sixth chapter, first edition, into the East India Army Medical Department. The Alkali I am occupied solely in discussing the primary murmur of Works Bill was read a second time. Mr. Warton gave chlorosis, and having given it as my belief that this primary notice that on Friday, April 8th, on going into Supply, he murmur is "never arterial," but always strictly cardiac in would move a resolution in favour of suppressing trade com- character, being produced by regurgitation through the. due to dilatation of the heart, I hold that, both binations, which had for their object the undue increase of mitral valve, the price of food. Mr. Errington and Mr. Dillwyn put logically and pathologically, I left it to be inferred that the ultimate result must be a systolic arterial murmur. When down amendments for committee on the Alkali Bill. Dr. Bramwell, therefore, states that I deny that such a On Friday, Sir Herbert Maxwell brought forward his murmur can ever occur, this only shows that he has comresolution against the importation of spurious butter, which misunderstood me. In a subject of so much impletely was opposed by the Government on the ground that the comportance I think he was bound to use the utmost care not to pounds imported under the name of butter were not hurtful. misinterpret my views, if they were worth quoting at all; The’chief feature of the debate was a remarkable speech by Dr. and I also think that I do not ask too much of a teacher of Lyon Play fair in support of the position taken by the Board medicine, that besides the usual text-books he should also of Trade. The resolution was rejected by the narrow be acquainted with at least so much of the literature of the majority of 14-75 to 59. Sir J. M’Garel Hogg, Chairman subject he is writing about as is to be found during the of the Metropolitan Board of Works, gave notice that in last five years in the pages of the journal he writes in. Committee on the Alkali Bill he would move a clause to and Fothergill are anew imported into the conHayden exclude any works within the metropolis from the operation but as the opinions they have expressed are quite troversy, of the Bill. Mr. Cochrane Patrick gave notice that in Comthe mark, I do not require to enter the lists against mittee of Supply he will move to reduce the English medical beside them. I have said that the separation between the systolic relief grant by .E20,000, doubtless with the object of renew- and the diastolic closure of the of the pulmonary ingthe Scotch demand for an increased medical grant in valve, caused by the increase of segments the arterial blood-pressure that country. within the pulmonary circuit, supplies what seems to me to On Monday, a petition was presented from Fife and Clack- be the only rational explanation of a reduplicated second, mannan for extension to Scotland of the system of coroners’ having due regard to all the facts of the case. Dr. Bramwell asserts that this explanation cannot be accepted because inquests. On Tuesday, a return was presented of the number of some professor of physiology, whose name he does not give, examinations held in London for appointments to the Army Dr. Fothergill, and he himself, regard this systolic closure Medical Service. Mr. Chamberlain, in reply to a question as soundless. Ceradini has, however, stated it as a matter of fact, that the systolic closure of the arterial valves is by Mr. Dixon Hartland, as to a recent seizure of 200 putrid attended by an audible snap ; it is with him, therefore, and American hams in the Central Meat Market, said he believed not with me, that this part of the controversy must be the ordinary law was sufficient to meet such cases. He saw I am, Sir, yours obediently, settled. no necessity for asking the American authorities to prohibit GEORGE W. BALFOUR. Edinburgh, March 28th, 1881. similar exportations, believing that the influence of the consignee upon the consigner would be more efficacious. On Wednesday, Mr. Litton’s Lunacy Law Assimilation REMARKABLE CASE OF EARLY MATERNITY. (Ireland) Bill was read a second time, and committed for To the Editor of THE LANCET. Wednesday, lst June. Sir Hervey Bruce will move that the Bill be referred to a Select Committee ; and Mr. Warton SIR,—On August 8th, 1871, I attended Mrs. F. M-, has put down a notice that he will move the rejection of the a joiner’s wife, during confinement, and delivered her of a Bill. Mr. Dillwyn gave notice that in Supply he will move female child. There was nothing remarkable about the to reduce the vote for Broadmoor by 9500. infant until it was twelve months old, when it commenced have
improving,
snigil-pox. to menstruate, not very regularly at first, varyingfrom one On Thursday, Mr. Dodson, in reply to Sir S. Waterlow, month to six weeks between the periods ; the last two years said his attention had been for some time anxiously directed the catamenia have been very regular indeed, never more to the prevalence of small-pox within the metropolis. The than three weeks elapsing between the periods. They Government had no power to make special arrangements ceased on June 22nd, 1880 (her mother’s statement), when for the care of patients suffering from that disease ;but the she became pregnant. There is nothing very remarkable in Local Government Board had not refrained from impressing appearance about the child. The hirsute growth over the Upon the several authorities who were liable to provide pubes and in the axilla is profuse, the breasts are large, and accommodation for small-pox patients, whether they be- at present gorged with milk. She is a very active, hard-worklonged to the pauper or non-pauper class, the necessity of ing girl, and has for the last year done all her mother’s making every arrangement in their power ; and he was glad washing; in fact, the night before she was confined I saw to say that arrangements were being made to supplement her myself hanging the day’s washing on the clothesthe hospital accommodation. line in her father’s garden. Her labour pains did not con-
602 I administered chlo- insufficient to prevent the spread of small-pox the Government is justified in imposing such prophylactic means as have remedied the evil in other countries. The conclusions during labour. The child was a large one, and weighed 7 lb. It has since of the report, which have been adopted by eleven out of the died in convulsions ; its left foot had only three toes on it. twelve members forming the Commission, are as follows :" This young mother is now nine years and eight months old, Considering that vaccination is, with rare exceptions, an and must have been pregnant two months before she reached inoffensive operation, when performed with care upon Yours obediently, the age of nine. healthy subjects; and that, without vaccine, other hygienic HENRY DODD, M.R.C.S., &c. ceLC. measures, such as isolation and disinfection, are in themselves insufficient to prevent small-pox ; that the belief in Rillington, York, March 24th, 1881. danger of vaccination and revaccination during epidemics is unfounded ; and that, lastly, revaccination, the necessary complement of vaccination, should be practised at least GLASGOW. within ten years after a successful vaccination, and repeated (From our own. Correspondent.) as often as possible, when not followed by characteristic cicatrices-on these grounds the Academy is of opinion THE Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow has that there is urgent need in the public interest of a law had under consideration a proposal to institute an examina- rendering vaccination compulsory. As regards revaccina. tion for the higher of the two qualifications, both registrable, tion, it should be encouraged in every way, and required by which it grants. This proposal was rejected at a recent public services (règlements d’administration) as far as it is within their power." meeting, mainly by the vote of the older and more conservaThe twelfth member of the Commission, M. Depaul, states tive Fellows. The grounds on which the suggested change that he is perfectly agreed with his colleagues on all was advocated were that at present there is no high qualifithe questions which are dealt with in the report, and that cation in surgery obtainable in Scotland, that it is illogical he is prepared to vote for all the ideas there expressed, that the Faculty should demand/an examination for its lowest except the conclusion rendering vaccination compulsory. diploma, and yet grant its higher one by ballot and purchase, According to him the rights of a father of a family are paraand that it would be better to retire gracefully from its mount over those of the State, and the father, or mother, or present position now than to be forced from it a short time the natural guardian of a child should be free to vaccinate hence under pressure from without. The principal argument it or not, as he may have confidence or not in the utility . urged in favour of the existing arrangement was the state- of the practice. Not only, says M. Depaul, is compulsory ment that candidates for the Fellowship must not only pay vaccination vexatious, it is also inapplicable. Those who £50 and risk a ballot, but must also already be in possession have taken the trouble to into the matter know inquire of a registrable qualification, examination being thus rendered that in and Germany the law on the subject remains England unnecessary. This question, it is believed by those who a dead letter. It exists, but it is not enforced. Everything profess to be able to discern the signs of the times, is one should be done to encourage vaccination and revaccination, which will again force itself on the attention at no very but there should be no obligation. What is required is distant date. money. Hitherto the Government has done almost nothing, The following appointments have been made by the Glas- the sum expended on vaccination in the whole of France gow University Court :-Dr. H. C. Cameron of Glasgow to only amounting to 240,000 francs (less than £10,000), which be examiner for the next four years in Surgery and Clinical represents five francs per thousand of the population, and Surgery ; Dr. D. Fraser of Paisley, to be examiner for the from three to four centimes (one-third of a penny) for each same in Medicine and Clinical Medicine; Dr. A. vaccination. With a proper expenditure an efficient service Macalister, of Trinity College, Dublin, to be examiner for might be organised, a number of vaccinating centres created, the same period in Physiology and Pathology. and human lymph supplemented by an animal supply. Dr. A. Wallace has been appointed to the chair of Mid- Lastly, it would be as well to pay an adequate fee for the wifery in Anderson’s College, rendered vacant by the death operation, to those who perform it, instead of, as is now the of Dr. J. G. Wilson. Dr. S. Sloan stood second in the esti- fashion,praising the zeal and devotion of the country prac. mation of the Trustees, Dr. W. L. Reid third. titioner, but leaving his labour unrewarded. The adjourned At the meeting which closed the winter medical session discussion, which took place yesterday afternoon, brought at Anderson’s College, a few days ago, the Chairman re- forward MM. Fauvel and Jules Guerin, the former in ferred to the wonderful prosperity of the College during the favour of the views of the Commission, and the latter past few years, and read some statistics which, as they naturally against them. Not that M. Guerin is an oppoare the only trustworthy evidence on this point which has nent of vaccination ; on the contrary, he declares it excellent, hitherto been obtainable, are worth quoting. The number of and uses all his endeavours to promote it. But the students attending the medical classes of the college in the looked upon as dangerous by some, he practice session 1877-78 was 70 ; in 1878-79, 86 ; in 1879-80, 91 ; in considers being that a compulsory law would weigh on their con1880-81, 110. These are large numbers for an extra-mural sciences in obliging them to further an operation of which school, and they indicate a high and well-deserved degree they disapprove. Under these circumstances the Academy of prosperity. All that is now wanting to complete informa- cannot refuse to take such objections into account, and must tion is that the other extra-mural schools should publish not, he thinks, risk its scientific prestige by pronouncing in similar statistics. favour of compulsion. Paris, April 5th, 1881. tinue
over
six hours from first to last.
roform, and kept the body well supported with bandages
the
period
PARIS.
THE LEVEE.
(From our own Correspondent.)
medical
-
The
following
members of the
the Levee held on profession presented Tuesday at St. James’s Palace by the Prince of Wales:Surgeon-General A. Shatton; Surgeon-Majors Allen, J. Candy, M.D., and H. F. L. Melladew; Surgeons C. J. Addison, W. J. Baker, W. G. A. Bedford, H. J. Barnes, A. P. Hart, F. A. Harris, C. B. Lewis, E. L. Maunsell, J. H. Nicholas, H. S. Parker, R. Porter, D. L. Porter, T. H. Parke, W. W. Pope, W. F. Spencer, M.D., W. C. Wise, M.D., and C. L. Young; Dr. Halford, of Melbourne; and Fleet Surgeon C. Strickland. were
at
THE report of the Commission appointed by the Academy of Medicine to study the question of compulsory vaccination was read by M. Blot, in the name of his colleagues, on the 29th of March. M. Blot began by stating that it is unnecessary to bring forward any further proof of the value of vaccination-the events of 1870-71 have amply demonstrated this point. The only objection to the practice of any importance is the danger of inoculating syphilis with vaccinia; ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND.-The but even this eventnality, which science has reduced to a minimum, is rendered impossible by the use of animal prizes at the termination of the winter session in the Medical have been awarded to the following :-First year: vaccine. It has been said that compulsory vaccination is an infringement of the liberty of the subject; but M. Blot con- first prize, gold medal and £10, Michael T. Yarr; second sidered that this liberty ends where common interests begin. prize, £10, W. D. Waterhouse. Second year: first prize, The privilege of disseminating disease is certainly contrary £12, Austin M. Cowper ; second prize, £8, Myer M. Dutch. to the public welfare, and inasmuch as all other hygienic Third year : first prize, £10, Whitby B. Stokes; second measures-such as isolation, disinfection, &c.-have proved prize, £5, Langford Simms; third prize, :E2, G. W. Elsner.
l
,1 School
MEDICAL NOTES IN PARLIAMENT. Means oJ Exit from Theatres. IN the House of Lords on Tuesday; Lord Kenmare, replyingto an inquiry by the Duke of St. Albans, said that the theatres had better means of exit than any other public buildings in the metropolis. In that respect they had been and the improvements were being continued. He would lay on the table a return relating to this subject.
Glanders. Mr. Mundella, in reply to Lord C. Hamilton, said there had no doubt been an increase in the number of cases rewith the ported of horses with glanders in 1880 as compared number in 1879, but it was believed that that was due to the more rigid enforcement in the latter year of the Act of 1878, and not to the greater prevalence of the infection. It was a fact that drinking troughs were one source of spreading the infection; and it was also true that horses infected were for the most part worked during the night hours, probably on account of the facility the darkness afforded of avoiding detection, but it must be remembered that when they were detected the penalties were more severe.
THE CHLOROTIC MURMUR.
To the Editor of THE LANCET. no fault to find with Dr. Bramwell’s quotaSIR,—I it is tion ; quite correct, but by no means warrants his conclusion. I still maintain that "the so-called basic murmur of chlorosis is never arterial." That, however, is not quite In the House of Commons on Thursday, 31st ult., a the same as " denying that the inorganic murmurs of petition was presented from Charles Colsten for inquiry chlorosis are ever arterial."In my sixth chapter, first edition, into the East India Army Medical Department. The Alkali I am occupied solely in discussing the primary murmur of Works Bill was read a second time. Mr. Warton gave chlorosis, and having given it as my belief that this primary notice that on Friday, April 8th, on going into Supply, he murmur is "never arterial," but always strictly cardiac in would move a resolution in favour of suppressing trade com- character, being produced by regurgitation through the. due to dilatation of the heart, I hold that, both binations, which had for their object the undue increase of mitral valve, the price of food. Mr. Errington and Mr. Dillwyn put logically and pathologically, I left it to be inferred that the ultimate result must be a systolic arterial murmur. When down amendments for committee on the Alkali Bill. Dr. Bramwell, therefore, states that I deny that such a On Friday, Sir Herbert Maxwell brought forward his murmur can ever occur, this only shows that he has comresolution against the importation of spurious butter, which misunderstood me. In a subject of so much impletely was opposed by the Government on the ground that the comportance I think he was bound to use the utmost care not to pounds imported under the name of butter were not hurtful. misinterpret my views, if they were worth quoting at all; The’chief feature of the debate was a remarkable speech by Dr. and I also think that I do not ask too much of a teacher of Lyon Play fair in support of the position taken by the Board medicine, that besides the usual text-books he should also of Trade. The resolution was rejected by the narrow be acquainted with at least so much of the literature of the majority of 14-75 to 59. Sir J. M’Garel Hogg, Chairman subject he is writing about as is to be found during the of the Metropolitan Board of Works, gave notice that in last five years in the pages of the journal he writes in. Committee on the Alkali Bill he would move a clause to and Fothergill are anew imported into the conHayden exclude any works within the metropolis from the operation but as the opinions they have expressed are quite troversy, of the Bill. Mr. Cochrane Patrick gave notice that in Comthe mark, I do not require to enter the lists against mittee of Supply he will move to reduce the English medical beside them. I have said that the separation between the systolic relief grant by .E20,000, doubtless with the object of renew- and the diastolic closure of the of the pulmonary ingthe Scotch demand for an increased medical grant in valve, caused by the increase of segments the arterial blood-pressure that country. within the pulmonary circuit, supplies what seems to me to On Monday, a petition was presented from Fife and Clack- be the only rational explanation of a reduplicated second, mannan for extension to Scotland of the system of coroners’ having due regard to all the facts of the case. Dr. Bramwell asserts that this explanation cannot be accepted because inquests. On Tuesday, a return was presented of the number of some professor of physiology, whose name he does not give, examinations held in London for appointments to the Army Dr. Fothergill, and he himself, regard this systolic closure Medical Service. Mr. Chamberlain, in reply to a question as soundless. Ceradini has, however, stated it as a matter of fact, that the systolic closure of the arterial valves is by Mr. Dixon Hartland, as to a recent seizure of 200 putrid attended by an audible snap ; it is with him, therefore, and American hams in the Central Meat Market, said he believed not with me, that this part of the controversy must be the ordinary law was sufficient to meet such cases. He saw I am, Sir, yours obediently, settled. no necessity for asking the American authorities to prohibit GEORGE W. BALFOUR. Edinburgh, March 28th, 1881. similar exportations, believing that the influence of the consignee upon the consigner would be more efficacious. On Wednesday, Mr. Litton’s Lunacy Law Assimilation REMARKABLE CASE OF EARLY MATERNITY. (Ireland) Bill was read a second time, and committed for To the Editor of THE LANCET. Wednesday, lst June. Sir Hervey Bruce will move that the Bill be referred to a Select Committee ; and Mr. Warton SIR,—On August 8th, 1871, I attended Mrs. F. M-, has put down a notice that he will move the rejection of the a joiner’s wife, during confinement, and delivered her of a Bill. Mr. Dillwyn gave notice that in Supply he will move female child. There was nothing remarkable about the to reduce the vote for Broadmoor by 9500. infant until it was twelve months old, when it commenced have
improving,
snigil-pox. to menstruate, not very regularly at first, varyingfrom one On Thursday, Mr. Dodson, in reply to Sir S. Waterlow, month to six weeks between the periods ; the last two years said his attention had been for some time anxiously directed the catamenia have been very regular indeed, never more to the prevalence of small-pox within the metropolis. The than three weeks elapsing between the periods. They Government had no power to make special arrangements ceased on June 22nd, 1880 (her mother’s statement), when for the care of patients suffering from that disease ;but the she became pregnant. There is nothing very remarkable in Local Government Board had not refrained from impressing appearance about the child. The hirsute growth over the Upon the several authorities who were liable to provide pubes and in the axilla is profuse, the breasts are large, and accommodation for small-pox patients, whether they be- at present gorged with milk. She is a very active, hard-worklonged to the pauper or non-pauper class, the necessity of ing girl, and has for the last year done all her mother’s making every arrangement in their power ; and he was glad washing; in fact, the night before she was confined I saw to say that arrangements were being made to supplement her myself hanging the day’s washing on the clothesthe hospital accommodation. line in her father’s garden. Her labour pains did not con-
602 I administered chlo- insufficient to prevent the spread of small-pox the Government is justified in imposing such prophylactic means as have remedied the evil in other countries. The conclusions during labour. The child was a large one, and weighed 7 lb. It has since of the report, which have been adopted by eleven out of the died in convulsions ; its left foot had only three toes on it. twelve members forming the Commission, are as follows :" This young mother is now nine years and eight months old, Considering that vaccination is, with rare exceptions, an and must have been pregnant two months before she reached inoffensive operation, when performed with care upon Yours obediently, the age of nine. healthy subjects; and that, without vaccine, other hygienic HENRY DODD, M.R.C.S., &c. ceLC. measures, such as isolation and disinfection, are in themselves insufficient to prevent small-pox ; that the belief in Rillington, York, March 24th, 1881. danger of vaccination and revaccination during epidemics is unfounded ; and that, lastly, revaccination, the necessary complement of vaccination, should be practised at least GLASGOW. within ten years after a successful vaccination, and repeated (From our own. Correspondent.) as often as possible, when not followed by characteristic cicatrices-on these grounds the Academy is of opinion THE Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow has that there is urgent need in the public interest of a law had under consideration a proposal to institute an examina- rendering vaccination compulsory. As regards revaccina. tion for the higher of the two qualifications, both registrable, tion, it should be encouraged in every way, and required by which it grants. This proposal was rejected at a recent public services (règlements d’administration) as far as it is within their power." meeting, mainly by the vote of the older and more conservaThe twelfth member of the Commission, M. Depaul, states tive Fellows. The grounds on which the suggested change that he is perfectly agreed with his colleagues on all was advocated were that at present there is no high qualifithe questions which are dealt with in the report, and that cation in surgery obtainable in Scotland, that it is illogical he is prepared to vote for all the ideas there expressed, that the Faculty should demand/an examination for its lowest except the conclusion rendering vaccination compulsory. diploma, and yet grant its higher one by ballot and purchase, According to him the rights of a father of a family are paraand that it would be better to retire gracefully from its mount over those of the State, and the father, or mother, or present position now than to be forced from it a short time the natural guardian of a child should be free to vaccinate hence under pressure from without. The principal argument it or not, as he may have confidence or not in the utility . urged in favour of the existing arrangement was the state- of the practice. Not only, says M. Depaul, is compulsory ment that candidates for the Fellowship must not only pay vaccination vexatious, it is also inapplicable. Those who £50 and risk a ballot, but must also already be in possession have taken the trouble to into the matter know inquire of a registrable qualification, examination being thus rendered that in and Germany the law on the subject remains England unnecessary. This question, it is believed by those who a dead letter. It exists, but it is not enforced. Everything profess to be able to discern the signs of the times, is one should be done to encourage vaccination and revaccination, which will again force itself on the attention at no very but there should be no obligation. What is required is distant date. money. Hitherto the Government has done almost nothing, The following appointments have been made by the Glas- the sum expended on vaccination in the whole of France gow University Court :-Dr. H. C. Cameron of Glasgow to only amounting to 240,000 francs (less than £10,000), which be examiner for the next four years in Surgery and Clinical represents five francs per thousand of the population, and Surgery ; Dr. D. Fraser of Paisley, to be examiner for the from three to four centimes (one-third of a penny) for each same in Medicine and Clinical Medicine; Dr. A. vaccination. With a proper expenditure an efficient service Macalister, of Trinity College, Dublin, to be examiner for might be organised, a number of vaccinating centres created, the same period in Physiology and Pathology. and human lymph supplemented by an animal supply. Dr. A. Wallace has been appointed to the chair of Mid- Lastly, it would be as well to pay an adequate fee for the wifery in Anderson’s College, rendered vacant by the death operation, to those who perform it, instead of, as is now the of Dr. J. G. Wilson. Dr. S. Sloan stood second in the esti- fashion,praising the zeal and devotion of the country prac. mation of the Trustees, Dr. W. L. Reid third. titioner, but leaving his labour unrewarded. The adjourned At the meeting which closed the winter medical session discussion, which took place yesterday afternoon, brought at Anderson’s College, a few days ago, the Chairman re- forward MM. Fauvel and Jules Guerin, the former in ferred to the wonderful prosperity of the College during the favour of the views of the Commission, and the latter past few years, and read some statistics which, as they naturally against them. Not that M. Guerin is an oppoare the only trustworthy evidence on this point which has nent of vaccination ; on the contrary, he declares it excellent, hitherto been obtainable, are worth quoting. The number of and uses all his endeavours to promote it. But the students attending the medical classes of the college in the looked upon as dangerous by some, he practice session 1877-78 was 70 ; in 1878-79, 86 ; in 1879-80, 91 ; in considers being that a compulsory law would weigh on their con1880-81, 110. These are large numbers for an extra-mural sciences in obliging them to further an operation of which school, and they indicate a high and well-deserved degree they disapprove. Under these circumstances the Academy of prosperity. All that is now wanting to complete informa- cannot refuse to take such objections into account, and must tion is that the other extra-mural schools should publish not, he thinks, risk its scientific prestige by pronouncing in similar statistics. favour of compulsion. Paris, April 5th, 1881. tinue
over
six hours from first to last.
roform, and kept the body well supported with bandages
the
period
PARIS.
THE LEVEE.
(From our own Correspondent.)
medical
-
The
following
members of the
the Levee held on profession presented Tuesday at St. James’s Palace by the Prince of Wales:Surgeon-General A. Shatton; Surgeon-Majors Allen, J. Candy, M.D., and H. F. L. Melladew; Surgeons C. J. Addison, W. J. Baker, W. G. A. Bedford, H. J. Barnes, A. P. Hart, F. A. Harris, C. B. Lewis, E. L. Maunsell, J. H. Nicholas, H. S. Parker, R. Porter, D. L. Porter, T. H. Parke, W. W. Pope, W. F. Spencer, M.D., W. C. Wise, M.D., and C. L. Young; Dr. Halford, of Melbourne; and Fleet Surgeon C. Strickland. were
at
THE report of the Commission appointed by the Academy of Medicine to study the question of compulsory vaccination was read by M. Blot, in the name of his colleagues, on the 29th of March. M. Blot began by stating that it is unnecessary to bring forward any further proof of the value of vaccination-the events of 1870-71 have amply demonstrated this point. The only objection to the practice of any importance is the danger of inoculating syphilis with vaccinia; ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS IN IRELAND.-The but even this eventnality, which science has reduced to a minimum, is rendered impossible by the use of animal prizes at the termination of the winter session in the Medical have been awarded to the following :-First year: vaccine. It has been said that compulsory vaccination is an infringement of the liberty of the subject; but M. Blot con- first prize, gold medal and £10, Michael T. Yarr; second sidered that this liberty ends where common interests begin. prize, £10, W. D. Waterhouse. Second year: first prize, The privilege of disseminating disease is certainly contrary £12, Austin M. Cowper ; second prize, £8, Myer M. Dutch. to the public welfare, and inasmuch as all other hygienic Third year : first prize, £10, Whitby B. Stokes; second measures-such as isolation, disinfection, &c.-have proved prize, £5, Langford Simms; third prize, :E2, G. W. Elsner.
l
,1 School