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Remote-sensing spectral properties of selected industrial minerals and ores
24A
SITE INVESTIGATIONS:REMOTE SENSING
961188 Geologic reappraisal reveals potential of Song Hang blocks ANON, Offshore, 55(2), 1995, pp 56,58. Reports on exploration activities and hydrocarbon potential of the Gulf of Tonkin offshore Vietnam. The geology of the area has been re-appraised with further seismic, gravity, magnetic surveys, and reprocessing of older seismic data. Exploration drilling activity and results axe outlined. The geology and resource potential of the Song Hong Tertiary sedimentary basin is outlined. This 200 000 km 2 basin is the largest of several such basins in the area. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Remote sensing and photographic techniques 961189 Reestablishing pbotogeology as an exploration tool R. H. Barton, W. D. Tomlinson, D. L. Stoudt & A. E. Schneider, Earth Observation Magazine, 3(5), 1994, pp 3032. The use of aerial stereophotographs for photo-geology was superceded by the more synoptic, yet 2 dimensional view, provided by satellite imagery. With stereo coverage now available from space, the time is ripe for a reassessment of the value of photo-interpretation to exploration geologists and mappers. The key steps in creating a surface geology map from SPOT imagery are outlined. (D.Fairbairn) 961190 Remote-sensing spectral properties of selected industrial minerals and ores J. K. Crowley, US Geological Survey Bulletin, 2081, 1994, pp 43-51. Spectral-reflectance and thermal-emission properties of 19 selected industrial minerals and ores were examined to evaluate the possibility of mineral detection using spectroscopic remote-sensing data. The results show that use of visible and near-infrared data is potentially suitable for discerning borates, carbonates, diatomite, gypsum, pyrophylrite, talc, and vermiculite. Thermal-infrared data may be particularly useful for locating concentrations of barite, quartz, perlite, phosphorite, and thenardite. Some minerals, such as zeolites, may not be amenable to remote-sensing detection. (from Author) 961191 Metodos para a obteneao de informacao estrutural em produtos de sensoriamento remoto (Methods for obtaining structural information from remote sensing imagery) G. Amaral, Cadernos IG/UNICAMP, 4(1), 1994, pp 98-111. Several techniques and procedures have been used for the acquisition of structural information from remote sensing imagery. Some of these methods are based on visual observation of the images with or without the use of auxiliary dispositives. Included in this group, are: 1) Direct observation of morphological features by parallax, solar or shadowing stereoscopy: 2) Observations with low angle line of sight and rotation of the image: 3) Use of Ronchi gratings. Other methods involve the use of special equipment such as optical benches or digital image processing systems. This paper presents a discussion of those techniques, based on the author's experience, as a contribution for the methodology of structural information extraction from imagery for tropical regions. (from English summary) 961192 Satellite imagery defines water resources for development of South American mineral deposits J. Houston, Earth Observation Magazine, 3(5), 1994, pp 3840. Many major mining facilities require reliable water supply for floation purposes. An example of a copper mine in northern
Chile shows how satellite imagery can assist in the determination of aquifers and a prediction of groundwater flow. A variety of space images, digital and photographic were used. (D.Falrbalrn) 961193 The footprint/altitude ratio for helicopter electromagnetic sounding of sea-ice thickness: comparison of theoretical and field estimates A. Kovacs, J. S. Holladay & C. J. Bergeron Jr, Geophysics, 60(2), 1995, pp 374-380. Helicopter-towed electromagnetic (HEM) induction sounding systems are typically used for geologic surveys. More recently HEM systems have been used for the remote measurement of sea-ice thickness and shallow sea bathymetry. An important aspect of this remote sensing technology is the area, or footprint, in which the secondary field is predominantly generated by induced currents. A knowledge of the size of the footprint is important to understanding the accuracy of HEM sounding results over lateral variations in relief or conductivity. Conventional wisdom among workers in the field held that the footprint diameter is a few times the HEM antenna altitude. This view confirmed using airborne measurements over sea ice to calculate the footprint size/antenna altitude ratio. (from Authors) 961194 Multi-seasonal Landsat TM facilitates regional geological mapping K. Connors & D. F. Graham, Earth Observation Magazine, 4(1), 1995, pp 30-32. A significant portion of the Canadian landmass is covered by vegetation and a blanket of surficial material from multiple ice sheet advances during the Quaternary, which can mask the geological structure. However, in areas where surficial cover is thin and resistant bedrock layers form subtle topographic highs, structural patterns can be discerned using various remote sensing techniques. The combined information available from two seasons of TM imagery can aid geologists in defining structural domains and in defining major structural boundaries. Summer TM imagery highlights areas of good bedrock exposure, as well as small scale structural patterns. In contrast, spring/winter TM imagery highlights the continuity of larger scale structural features that are related to subtle topographic variations. (Authors) 961195 Mapping of jasperoid in the Cedar Mountains, Utah, USA, using imaging spectrometer data R. J. Murphy, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 16(6), 1995, pp 1021-1041. Jasperoid, an important indicator of disseminated gold deposits, is mapped in the Cedar Mountains, using data gathered by the Airborne Visible Infra-Red Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). Ratio analysis is employed to detect the sharp rise in reflectance between 1000 nm and 1700 nm in the jasperoid spectrum due to iron absorption at about 900 nm in association with quartz and bound water. Validation of the ratio map is accomplished by overlaying a geologic boundary which defined an area ofjasperoid in the field. (from Author) 961196 Digital classification of the contact metamorphic aureole along the Los Pedrocbes bathnlith, south-central Spain, using Landsat Thematic Mapper data F. Van der Meer, P. M. Van Dijk & A. B. Westerhof, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 16(6), 1995, pp 1043-1062. Visible and near-infrared laboratory reflectance spectra of soils sampled over the southern contact metamorphic aureole of the Los Pedroches granodiorite north of Cordoba are characterized in terms of relative albedo, depth, width, asymmetry, and wavelength position of absorption features. Landsat-TM images were used for mapping variations in iron, water, and hydroxyl absorption features over the
SITE INVESTIGATIONS:REMOTE SENSING
961188 Geologic reappraisal reveals potential of Song Hang blocks ANON, Offshore, 55(2), 1995, pp 56,58. Reports on exploration activities and hydrocarbon potential of the Gulf of Tonkin offshore Vietnam. The geology of the area has been re-appraised with further seismic, gravity, magnetic surveys, and reprocessing of older seismic data. Exploration drilling activity and results axe outlined. The geology and resource potential of the Song Hong Tertiary sedimentary basin is outlined. This 200 000 km 2 basin is the largest of several such basins in the area. (J.M.McLaughlin)
Remote sensing and photographic techniques 961189 Reestablishing pbotogeology as an exploration tool R. H. Barton, W. D. Tomlinson, D. L. Stoudt & A. E. Schneider, Earth Observation Magazine, 3(5), 1994, pp 3032. The use of aerial stereophotographs for photo-geology was superceded by the more synoptic, yet 2 dimensional view, provided by satellite imagery. With stereo coverage now available from space, the time is ripe for a reassessment of the value of photo-interpretation to exploration geologists and mappers. The key steps in creating a surface geology map from SPOT imagery are outlined. (D.Fairbairn) 961190 Remote-sensing spectral properties of selected industrial minerals and ores J. K. Crowley, US Geological Survey Bulletin, 2081, 1994, pp 43-51. Spectral-reflectance and thermal-emission properties of 19 selected industrial minerals and ores were examined to evaluate the possibility of mineral detection using spectroscopic remote-sensing data. The results show that use of visible and near-infrared data is potentially suitable for discerning borates, carbonates, diatomite, gypsum, pyrophylrite, talc, and vermiculite. Thermal-infrared data may be particularly useful for locating concentrations of barite, quartz, perlite, phosphorite, and thenardite. Some minerals, such as zeolites, may not be amenable to remote-sensing detection. (from Author) 961191 Metodos para a obteneao de informacao estrutural em produtos de sensoriamento remoto (Methods for obtaining structural information from remote sensing imagery) G. Amaral, Cadernos IG/UNICAMP, 4(1), 1994, pp 98-111. Several techniques and procedures have been used for the acquisition of structural information from remote sensing imagery. Some of these methods are based on visual observation of the images with or without the use of auxiliary dispositives. Included in this group, are: 1) Direct observation of morphological features by parallax, solar or shadowing stereoscopy: 2) Observations with low angle line of sight and rotation of the image: 3) Use of Ronchi gratings. Other methods involve the use of special equipment such as optical benches or digital image processing systems. This paper presents a discussion of those techniques, based on the author's experience, as a contribution for the methodology of structural information extraction from imagery for tropical regions. (from English summary) 961192 Satellite imagery defines water resources for development of South American mineral deposits J. Houston, Earth Observation Magazine, 3(5), 1994, pp 3840. Many major mining facilities require reliable water supply for floation purposes. An example of a copper mine in northern
Chile shows how satellite imagery can assist in the determination of aquifers and a prediction of groundwater flow. A variety of space images, digital and photographic were used. (D.Falrbalrn) 961193 The footprint/altitude ratio for helicopter electromagnetic sounding of sea-ice thickness: comparison of theoretical and field estimates A. Kovacs, J. S. Holladay & C. J. Bergeron Jr, Geophysics, 60(2), 1995, pp 374-380. Helicopter-towed electromagnetic (HEM) induction sounding systems are typically used for geologic surveys. More recently HEM systems have been used for the remote measurement of sea-ice thickness and shallow sea bathymetry. An important aspect of this remote sensing technology is the area, or footprint, in which the secondary field is predominantly generated by induced currents. A knowledge of the size of the footprint is important to understanding the accuracy of HEM sounding results over lateral variations in relief or conductivity. Conventional wisdom among workers in the field held that the footprint diameter is a few times the HEM antenna altitude. This view confirmed using airborne measurements over sea ice to calculate the footprint size/antenna altitude ratio. (from Authors) 961194 Multi-seasonal Landsat TM facilitates regional geological mapping K. Connors & D. F. Graham, Earth Observation Magazine, 4(1), 1995, pp 30-32. A significant portion of the Canadian landmass is covered by vegetation and a blanket of surficial material from multiple ice sheet advances during the Quaternary, which can mask the geological structure. However, in areas where surficial cover is thin and resistant bedrock layers form subtle topographic highs, structural patterns can be discerned using various remote sensing techniques. The combined information available from two seasons of TM imagery can aid geologists in defining structural domains and in defining major structural boundaries. Summer TM imagery highlights areas of good bedrock exposure, as well as small scale structural patterns. In contrast, spring/winter TM imagery highlights the continuity of larger scale structural features that are related to subtle topographic variations. (Authors) 961195 Mapping of jasperoid in the Cedar Mountains, Utah, USA, using imaging spectrometer data R. J. Murphy, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 16(6), 1995, pp 1021-1041. Jasperoid, an important indicator of disseminated gold deposits, is mapped in the Cedar Mountains, using data gathered by the Airborne Visible Infra-Red Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS). Ratio analysis is employed to detect the sharp rise in reflectance between 1000 nm and 1700 nm in the jasperoid spectrum due to iron absorption at about 900 nm in association with quartz and bound water. Validation of the ratio map is accomplished by overlaying a geologic boundary which defined an area ofjasperoid in the field. (from Author) 961196 Digital classification of the contact metamorphic aureole along the Los Pedrocbes bathnlith, south-central Spain, using Landsat Thematic Mapper data F. Van der Meer, P. M. Van Dijk & A. B. Westerhof, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 16(6), 1995, pp 1043-1062. Visible and near-infrared laboratory reflectance spectra of soils sampled over the southern contact metamorphic aureole of the Los Pedroches granodiorite north of Cordoba are characterized in terms of relative albedo, depth, width, asymmetry, and wavelength position of absorption features. Landsat-TM images were used for mapping variations in iron, water, and hydroxyl absorption features over the