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Rescuing from submarine boats in European navies
640
C~:RRENT Tovlcs.
[J. F. 1.
Large Cylinders for Locomotives. ANON. (Sci. Amer., cx, No. 8, I 5 5 . ) - - T h e Test Department of the Pennsylvania Railroad has been experimenting with superheater locomotives. As a result it has been determined that when a locomotive is converted from saturated to superheated steam, its cylinders should be enlarged. It is found that to secure maximum economy, the cylinders should be enlarged to such an extent that the maximum indicated horsepower will be developed at a cut-off not exceeding 3° per cent. Electric L i g h t s at L o w Cost. ANON. (Sci. Amer., cx, No. 8, I55.)--While it is obvious that an electric lighting system is a most desirable feature in an automobile, the high prices at which most of such systems are offered to the public preclude their use by many owners. Realizing this, a well-known manufacturer of automobile specialties has just brought out a new electric lighting system of novel construction; the principal feature of which is that it can be easily installed and sells for only $12. The system comprises a dash lamp, a tail light and a portable trouble lamp. The body of each lamp is made of hard rubber instead of metal and contains a powerful lens. The tail lamp has a red lens for the warning signal and a slot underneath, with a white light for illuminating the license plate. Evaporative Efficiency of Oil. ANON. (Amer. Mach., xl, No. 14, 592.)--The evaporative efficiency of oil, when thoroughly atomized in a well-designed burner, is considerably higher than that of coal. Results of trials show that I lb. of crude petroleum with a net calorific value of from 18,ooo to 18,25o B. T. U., will evaporate from I 4 ~ to 15 lbs. of water, from and at 212 ° F. This is approximately 50 per cent. more than the same weight of coal would evaporate. Rescuing from Submarine Boats in European Navies. ANON. (SCi. Amer., cx, No. I2, 245.)--The subject of saving the lives of the men on submarine boats, the mechanism of which has become deranged, has been attracting considerable interest throughout the world recently. The importance of this subject was shown by a recent disaster in the British Navy. Several European navies have installed apparatus on their submarine boats for renewing oxygen and absorbing the products of respiration of the men on the boat for a period of 72 hours, during which time it is usually possible to effect a rescue, which otherwise would be valueless, as the men would have suffocated. Another popular method is to place in the boat a number of little machines designed to shut off the respiratory organs of the wearer from the water, and permit him to breathe fresh air supplied by a special device, until he can rise to the surface of the water, after which the device may be discarded; the balance of the apparatus serving as an ordinary life preserver until rescue can be effeeted.
C~:RRENT Tovlcs.
[J. F. 1.
Large Cylinders for Locomotives. ANON. (Sci. Amer., cx, No. 8, I 5 5 . ) - - T h e Test Department of the Pennsylvania Railroad has been experimenting with superheater locomotives. As a result it has been determined that when a locomotive is converted from saturated to superheated steam, its cylinders should be enlarged. It is found that to secure maximum economy, the cylinders should be enlarged to such an extent that the maximum indicated horsepower will be developed at a cut-off not exceeding 3° per cent. Electric L i g h t s at L o w Cost. ANON. (Sci. Amer., cx, No. 8, I55.)--While it is obvious that an electric lighting system is a most desirable feature in an automobile, the high prices at which most of such systems are offered to the public preclude their use by many owners. Realizing this, a well-known manufacturer of automobile specialties has just brought out a new electric lighting system of novel construction; the principal feature of which is that it can be easily installed and sells for only $12. The system comprises a dash lamp, a tail light and a portable trouble lamp. The body of each lamp is made of hard rubber instead of metal and contains a powerful lens. The tail lamp has a red lens for the warning signal and a slot underneath, with a white light for illuminating the license plate. Evaporative Efficiency of Oil. ANON. (Amer. Mach., xl, No. 14, 592.)--The evaporative efficiency of oil, when thoroughly atomized in a well-designed burner, is considerably higher than that of coal. Results of trials show that I lb. of crude petroleum with a net calorific value of from 18,ooo to 18,25o B. T. U., will evaporate from I 4 ~ to 15 lbs. of water, from and at 212 ° F. This is approximately 50 per cent. more than the same weight of coal would evaporate. Rescuing from Submarine Boats in European Navies. ANON. (SCi. Amer., cx, No. I2, 245.)--The subject of saving the lives of the men on submarine boats, the mechanism of which has become deranged, has been attracting considerable interest throughout the world recently. The importance of this subject was shown by a recent disaster in the British Navy. Several European navies have installed apparatus on their submarine boats for renewing oxygen and absorbing the products of respiration of the men on the boat for a period of 72 hours, during which time it is usually possible to effect a rescue, which otherwise would be valueless, as the men would have suffocated. Another popular method is to place in the boat a number of little machines designed to shut off the respiratory organs of the wearer from the water, and permit him to breathe fresh air supplied by a special device, until he can rise to the surface of the water, after which the device may be discarded; the balance of the apparatus serving as an ordinary life preserver until rescue can be effeeted.