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Responsiveness of monkey floccular purkinje cells to horizontal vestibulo-ocular and smooth pursuit eye movements
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21. Motor system. IV. Cerebellum A M O N O C L O N A L A N T I B O D Y T H A T L A B E L S P U R K I N J E C E L L S IN T H E R A T C E R E B E L L U M . A K I R A T O K U N A G A A N D K A T S U H I K O ONO, T h i r d D e p a r t m e n t of A n a t o m y ¢ O k a y a m a U n i v e r s i t y M e d i c a l S c h o o l t S h i k a t a - c h o 2-5-I, O k a y a m a 700, JAPAN. A m o n o c l o n a l a n t i b o d y (MAb-IDI0), g e n e r a t e d by i m m u n i z i n g B A L B / c m i c e ~ith h o m o g e n i z e d b o v i n e r e t i n a l tissue, l a b e l e d M U l l e r cells in the b o v i n e r e t i n a and the rat P u r k i n j e c e l l s fixed w i t h e i t h e r 4% p a r a f o r m a l d e h y d e or Z a m b o n i ' s fixative. T h e i m m u n o r e a c t i v i t y of P u r k i n j e c e l l s to the M A b w a s d e t e c t e d in the f r o z e n s e c t i o n s , b u t l o s t c o m p l e t e l y in the c e r e b e l l u m e m b e d d e d in p a r a f f i n . T h e m o s t i n t e n s i v e l a b e l i n g was seen in the P u r k i n j e cell somata, e x c e p t the n u c l e u s . The p r o x i m a l p a r t of the p r i m a r y d e n d r i t e s ~as w e a k l y stained. W e a k and h o m o g e n e o u s l a b e l i n g was f o u n d t h r o u g h o u t the m o l e c u l a r layer. No i m m u n o r e a c t i v e a x o n s of P u r k i n j e c e l l w e r e d e t e c t e d . T h e P u r k i n j e c e l l b o d i e s in the v e n t r a l p a r t s of the v e r m i s (lobules I-III a n d X-IX) w e r e f i r s t l a b e l e d by the M A b on the 11th postn a t a l d a y (P11). D e l a y e d l a b e l i n g was f o u n d in the l o b u l e s VI to VII. All P u r k i n j e cells in the v e r m i s w e r e i ~ n u n o r e a c t i v e to the M A b by P13. H o w e v e r , in the c e r e b e l l a r h e m i s p h e r e , P u r k i n j e c e l l s p o s i t i v e for M A b - I D 1 0 a p p e a r e d in the v e n t r a l r e g i o n s of the c e r e b e l l a r c o r t e x on P13. W e s t e r n b l o t t i n g d i s c l o s e d that M A b - I D I 0 r e c o g n i z e d r e t i n a l p o l y p e p t i d e s w i t h mol. wt. of 48KD. T h e M A b w a s c l a s s i f i e d as IgG1 by O u c h t e r l o n y d o u b l e i m m u n o d i f f u s i o n test.
PLANE-SPECIFIC CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENT BY HORIZONTAL- AND VERTICAL-PLANE UNIT OF THE CEREBELLAR FLOCCULUS. YU SAT0 AND TADASHI KAWASAKI*, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University I Toyama-shi~ Toyama 950-01, Japan. There are three Purkinje cell zones running perpendicular to the long axis of the crooked floccular folia in the cat. On the basis of differential neuronal networks between the zones, we concluded that (I) the rostral and caudal zones on one side control eye movement in the plane of the anterior canal, and those on both sides control eye movement in all vertical planes from the sagittal to transverse planes, and (2) the middle zone controls eye movement in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, in 1979 0scarsson concluded that the Purkinje cell zone, ollmbing fibers, and target neurons are the operational unit, that operates as a basic unit for cerebellar control of a particular motor function. We call these neuronal element in the rostral and caudal zones, the vertical-plane unit, and those in the middle zone, the horizontal-plane unit. In ketamine anesthetized cats, eye movement evoked by electrical stimulation of each zone was recorded by video system with a frame memory. The pattern of the evoked eye movement was as we theoretically predicted from the neuronal pathway: stimulation of the rostral and caudal zones evoked eye movement in the anterior canal plane on the stimulated side, and stimulation of the middle zone evoked eye movement in the horizontal canal plane. Thus, there are functional differences between anatomically identified Purkinje cell zones in the cerebellum, and the operational unit is the basic structures for cerebellar control of a particular motor function.
Responsiveness of m o n k e y f l o e c u l a r P u r k i n j e cells to h o r i z o n t a l v e s t i b u l o - e c u l a r a n d s m o o t h p u r s u i t eye m o v e m e n t s . S o i c h i Nagao, Dept. o f P h y s i o l . , Fac. of Med., univ. of Tokyo, H Q n ~ O 7-3-i, B u n k y o - k u , Tokyo, J a p a n I13. Single unit r e s p o n s e s of f l o c e u l a r P u r k i n j e cells to s i n u s o i d a l 0.33Hz-lOdeg (peaK-to-peak) t u r n t a b l e o s c i l l a t i o n in the d a r k a n d eye t r a c k i n g of a s i n u s o i d a l (0.33Hz-lOdeg) moving small t a r g e t w e r e e x a m i n e d in one chronically prepared Japanese monkey. H-cells, s p e c i f i c a l l y r e l a t e d to h o r i z o n t a l o c u l a r reflexes, were identified with the effects of local stimulation via the recording electrode. Monkey H-cells exhibit different behaviors f r o m the s o - c a l l e d m o n k e y g a z e v e l o c i t y cells, i) H - c e l l s w e r e w e l l m o d u l a t e d by t u r n t a b l e o s c i l l a t i o n w i t h the m e a n a m p l i t u d e of 10% (n=81) to m e a n d i s c h a r g e level. T h e p h a s e of m o d u l a t i o n was in-phase (42%) a n d o u t - p h a s e (30%) to t u r n t a b l e v e l o c i t y . 2) H - c e l l s were also m o d u l a t e d b y t r a c k i n g eye m o v e m e n t s (mean m o d u l a t i o n a m p l i t u d e ; 17%, n=83), however the p h a s e of m o d u l a t i o n v a r i e d w i d e l y and o n l y 26% of them exhibited modulation i n - p h a s e to eye v e l o c l t y . The o t h e r 28%, 2 4 % a n d 2 2 % of t h e m were respectively m o d u l a t e d o u t - p h a s e to eye velocity, i n - p h a s e a n d o u t - p h a s e to eye position. 3) H-cells examined (n=23) exhibited no significant changes of modulation by HVOR-suppression w i t h i n - p h a s e o s c i l l a t i o n of the turntable and target. These r e s u l t s i n d i c a t e t h a t H - c e l l s and g a z e v e l o c i t y c e l l s p l a y quite d i f f e r e n t r o l e s in the c o n t r o l of r e f l e x a n d v o l u n t a r y p u r s u i t eye m o v e m e n t s .
21. Motor system. IV. Cerebellum A M O N O C L O N A L A N T I B O D Y T H A T L A B E L S P U R K I N J E C E L L S IN T H E R A T C E R E B E L L U M . A K I R A T O K U N A G A A N D K A T S U H I K O ONO, T h i r d D e p a r t m e n t of A n a t o m y ¢ O k a y a m a U n i v e r s i t y M e d i c a l S c h o o l t S h i k a t a - c h o 2-5-I, O k a y a m a 700, JAPAN. A m o n o c l o n a l a n t i b o d y (MAb-IDI0), g e n e r a t e d by i m m u n i z i n g B A L B / c m i c e ~ith h o m o g e n i z e d b o v i n e r e t i n a l tissue, l a b e l e d M U l l e r cells in the b o v i n e r e t i n a and the rat P u r k i n j e c e l l s fixed w i t h e i t h e r 4% p a r a f o r m a l d e h y d e or Z a m b o n i ' s fixative. T h e i m m u n o r e a c t i v i t y of P u r k i n j e c e l l s to the M A b w a s d e t e c t e d in the f r o z e n s e c t i o n s , b u t l o s t c o m p l e t e l y in the c e r e b e l l u m e m b e d d e d in p a r a f f i n . T h e m o s t i n t e n s i v e l a b e l i n g was seen in the P u r k i n j e cell somata, e x c e p t the n u c l e u s . The p r o x i m a l p a r t of the p r i m a r y d e n d r i t e s ~as w e a k l y stained. W e a k and h o m o g e n e o u s l a b e l i n g was f o u n d t h r o u g h o u t the m o l e c u l a r layer. No i m m u n o r e a c t i v e a x o n s of P u r k i n j e c e l l w e r e d e t e c t e d . T h e P u r k i n j e c e l l b o d i e s in the v e n t r a l p a r t s of the v e r m i s (lobules I-III a n d X-IX) w e r e f i r s t l a b e l e d by the M A b on the 11th postn a t a l d a y (P11). D e l a y e d l a b e l i n g was f o u n d in the l o b u l e s VI to VII. All P u r k i n j e cells in the v e r m i s w e r e i ~ n u n o r e a c t i v e to the M A b by P13. H o w e v e r , in the c e r e b e l l a r h e m i s p h e r e , P u r k i n j e c e l l s p o s i t i v e for M A b - I D 1 0 a p p e a r e d in the v e n t r a l r e g i o n s of the c e r e b e l l a r c o r t e x on P13. W e s t e r n b l o t t i n g d i s c l o s e d that M A b - I D I 0 r e c o g n i z e d r e t i n a l p o l y p e p t i d e s w i t h mol. wt. of 48KD. T h e M A b w a s c l a s s i f i e d as IgG1 by O u c h t e r l o n y d o u b l e i m m u n o d i f f u s i o n test.
PLANE-SPECIFIC CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENT BY HORIZONTAL- AND VERTICAL-PLANE UNIT OF THE CEREBELLAR FLOCCULUS. YU SAT0 AND TADASHI KAWASAKI*, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University I Toyama-shi~ Toyama 950-01, Japan. There are three Purkinje cell zones running perpendicular to the long axis of the crooked floccular folia in the cat. On the basis of differential neuronal networks between the zones, we concluded that (I) the rostral and caudal zones on one side control eye movement in the plane of the anterior canal, and those on both sides control eye movement in all vertical planes from the sagittal to transverse planes, and (2) the middle zone controls eye movement in the horizontal plane. Furthermore, in 1979 0scarsson concluded that the Purkinje cell zone, ollmbing fibers, and target neurons are the operational unit, that operates as a basic unit for cerebellar control of a particular motor function. We call these neuronal element in the rostral and caudal zones, the vertical-plane unit, and those in the middle zone, the horizontal-plane unit. In ketamine anesthetized cats, eye movement evoked by electrical stimulation of each zone was recorded by video system with a frame memory. The pattern of the evoked eye movement was as we theoretically predicted from the neuronal pathway: stimulation of the rostral and caudal zones evoked eye movement in the anterior canal plane on the stimulated side, and stimulation of the middle zone evoked eye movement in the horizontal canal plane. Thus, there are functional differences between anatomically identified Purkinje cell zones in the cerebellum, and the operational unit is the basic structures for cerebellar control of a particular motor function.
Responsiveness of m o n k e y f l o e c u l a r P u r k i n j e cells to h o r i z o n t a l v e s t i b u l o - e c u l a r a n d s m o o t h p u r s u i t eye m o v e m e n t s . S o i c h i Nagao, Dept. o f P h y s i o l . , Fac. of Med., univ. of Tokyo, H Q n ~ O 7-3-i, B u n k y o - k u , Tokyo, J a p a n I13. Single unit r e s p o n s e s of f l o c e u l a r P u r k i n j e cells to s i n u s o i d a l 0.33Hz-lOdeg (peaK-to-peak) t u r n t a b l e o s c i l l a t i o n in the d a r k a n d eye t r a c k i n g of a s i n u s o i d a l (0.33Hz-lOdeg) moving small t a r g e t w e r e e x a m i n e d in one chronically prepared Japanese monkey. H-cells, s p e c i f i c a l l y r e l a t e d to h o r i z o n t a l o c u l a r reflexes, were identified with the effects of local stimulation via the recording electrode. Monkey H-cells exhibit different behaviors f r o m the s o - c a l l e d m o n k e y g a z e v e l o c i t y cells, i) H - c e l l s w e r e w e l l m o d u l a t e d by t u r n t a b l e o s c i l l a t i o n w i t h the m e a n a m p l i t u d e of 10% (n=81) to m e a n d i s c h a r g e level. T h e p h a s e of m o d u l a t i o n was in-phase (42%) a n d o u t - p h a s e (30%) to t u r n t a b l e v e l o c i t y . 2) H - c e l l s were also m o d u l a t e d b y t r a c k i n g eye m o v e m e n t s (mean m o d u l a t i o n a m p l i t u d e ; 17%, n=83), however the p h a s e of m o d u l a t i o n v a r i e d w i d e l y and o n l y 26% of them exhibited modulation i n - p h a s e to eye v e l o c l t y . The o t h e r 28%, 2 4 % a n d 2 2 % of t h e m were respectively m o d u l a t e d o u t - p h a s e to eye velocity, i n - p h a s e a n d o u t - p h a s e to eye position. 3) H-cells examined (n=23) exhibited no significant changes of modulation by HVOR-suppression w i t h i n - p h a s e o s c i l l a t i o n of the turntable and target. These r e s u l t s i n d i c a t e t h a t H - c e l l s and g a z e v e l o c i t y c e l l s p l a y quite d i f f e r e n t r o l e s in the c o n t r o l of r e f l e x a n d v o l u n t a r y p u r s u i t eye m o v e m e n t s .