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RESTING-STATE NETWORK CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
468
Abstracts
Results: Correct answers (CA) and response times (RT) were not significantly different between patients and controls for EMO and NEU (CA EMO patients: 22.2 ± 2.3, controls: 23.3 ± 1.3; RT patients: 997 ± 335 ms, controls: 742 ± 266 ms). The proportion of participants reporting using TOM strategy to complete EMO did not differ between patients and controls (14 patients and 33 controls, p = 0.2). EMO minus NEU contrast revealed activations in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri (F3), bilateral TP, LAG and MF1. Patients minus controls contrast showed bilateral activations in the precentral and superior parietal gyri and the intra-parietal sulcus. Moreover, a significant Task x Illness interaction was found in MF1 where only controls activated this region during EMO. Discussion: A lack of MF1 activation was observed in patients while they did, as controls, use a TOM strategy and as they did not present any trouble to succeed the emotional sentence classification task. This area is known to be involved in various social cognition tasks. Consequently, this result reinforces the idea that this area could be implicitly involved in social cognitive processing and that its functional defect might be at the core of schizophrenic disorders and their impaired social interactions and communication.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.877
Poster 117 RESTING-STATE NETWORK CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Anna Rotarska-Jagiela1,2,3, Vincent van de Ven4, Viola Oertel-Knöchel1, Peter J. Uhlhaas1,2, Kai Vogeley3, David E.J. Linden5 1 Frankfurt University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry Frankfurt Germany; 2Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Department of Neurophysiology Frankfurt Germany; 3Cologne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry Cologne Germany; 4Maastricht University, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Maastricht Netherlands; 5Bangor University, School of Psychology and North Wales Clinical School Bangor United Kingdom Background: Schizophrenia has been associated with aberrant intrinsic functional organization of the brain but the relationship of such deficits to psychopathology is unclear. In this study, we investigated associations between resting-state networks and individual psychopathology in sixteen patients with paranoid schizophrenia and sixteen matched healthy control participants. Methods: We estimated whole-brain functional connectivity of multiple networks using a combination of spatial independent component analysis and multiple regression analysis. Five networks (default-mode, left and right fronto-parietal, left fronto-temporal and auditory networks) were selected for analysis based on their involvement in neuropsychological models of psychosis. Betweengroup comparisons and correlations to psychopathology ratings were performed on both spatial (connectivity distributions) and temporal features (power-spectral densities of temporal frequencies below 0.06 Hz). Results: Schizophrenia patients showed aberrant functional connectivity in the default-mode network, which correlated with severity of hallucinations and delusions, and decreased hemispheric separation of fronto-parietal activity, which correlated with disorganization symptoms. Furthermore, the severity of positive symptoms correlated with functional connectivity of fronto-temporal and auditory networks. Finally, default-mode and auditory networks showed increased spectral power of low frequency oscillations, which correlated with positive symptom severity. Discussion: These results are in line with findings from studies that investigated the neural correlates of positive symptoms and
suggest that psychopathology is associated with aberrant intrinsic organization of functional brain networks in schizophrenia.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.878
Poster 118 ALTERED COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL MODULATION OF BRAIN ACTIVITY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Aurélie Royer1, Fabien Schneider1, Adrianna Mendrek2, Emmanuel Stip2 1 University Hospital of Saint-Etienne Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France; 2 University of Montreal Montreal, Québec, Canada Background: Everyday life and clinical experiences demonstrate strong interaction between the processing of emotion and cognition in the human behaviour. Reciprocal modulation and attenuation in medial and lateral prefrontal cortices (including the anterior cingulated cortex) may constitute the neurophysiologic basis for emotional-cognitive interaction as observed in both healthy and psychiatric subjects. Schizophrenia is among the most severe of psychiatric disorders, leading to impairments of affective and cognitive abilities. These dysfunctions affect each other mutually. In this study, we investigated the neural deficits of schizophrenia patients during the interaction of negative emotion and short-term memory. Methods: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated BOLD-signal changes in 13 medicated schizophrenia outpatients and 10 healthy subjects during a short-term memory task involving photographs taken from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Each short-term memory trial consisted in the sequential presentation of two pictures and a simple question concerning one of the images. The pictures were grouped in 20s blocks depending of their emotional content (negative or neutral). These different experimental conditions were then compared to each other using classic linear modeling. This design allows studying the influence of negative emotional pictures on the short-term memory processes. Results: During the neutral condition (i.e. visualisation and memorisation of two neutral pictures), schizophrenia patients exhibited higher frontal activity than control subjects, especially in the dorsal part of the anterior cingulate gyrus (dACC) and the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). When comparing negative and neutral conditions (i.e. memorisation of two negative pictures versus two neutral pictures), we observed lower activations in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy subjects in the rostral part of the anterior cingulate gyrus (rACC), the medial obito-frontal cortex and bilateral fronto-insular cortex (FIC). Discussion: These results demonstrate that schizophrenia patients recruit the dlPFC and the dACC more intensely than healthy subjects during a short-term memory task (i.e. neutral condition). A stronger activity in these areas is likely to reflect an increased effort to appropriately complete the task in schizophrenia patients. However, with emotional pictures (negative condition), schizophrenia patients exhibited lower activity in a fronto-insular network, including medial prefrontal areas (rACC and orbitofrontal cortex), compared to healthy participants. Moreover, this lower frontal activity was associated with an increase of the patient reaction times.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.879
Abstracts
Results: Correct answers (CA) and response times (RT) were not significantly different between patients and controls for EMO and NEU (CA EMO patients: 22.2 ± 2.3, controls: 23.3 ± 1.3; RT patients: 997 ± 335 ms, controls: 742 ± 266 ms). The proportion of participants reporting using TOM strategy to complete EMO did not differ between patients and controls (14 patients and 33 controls, p = 0.2). EMO minus NEU contrast revealed activations in the bilateral inferior frontal gyri (F3), bilateral TP, LAG and MF1. Patients minus controls contrast showed bilateral activations in the precentral and superior parietal gyri and the intra-parietal sulcus. Moreover, a significant Task x Illness interaction was found in MF1 where only controls activated this region during EMO. Discussion: A lack of MF1 activation was observed in patients while they did, as controls, use a TOM strategy and as they did not present any trouble to succeed the emotional sentence classification task. This area is known to be involved in various social cognition tasks. Consequently, this result reinforces the idea that this area could be implicitly involved in social cognitive processing and that its functional defect might be at the core of schizophrenic disorders and their impaired social interactions and communication.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.877
Poster 117 RESTING-STATE NETWORK CORRELATES OF PSYCHOTIC SYMPTOMS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Anna Rotarska-Jagiela1,2,3, Vincent van de Ven4, Viola Oertel-Knöchel1, Peter J. Uhlhaas1,2, Kai Vogeley3, David E.J. Linden5 1 Frankfurt University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry Frankfurt Germany; 2Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Department of Neurophysiology Frankfurt Germany; 3Cologne University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry Cologne Germany; 4Maastricht University, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Maastricht Netherlands; 5Bangor University, School of Psychology and North Wales Clinical School Bangor United Kingdom Background: Schizophrenia has been associated with aberrant intrinsic functional organization of the brain but the relationship of such deficits to psychopathology is unclear. In this study, we investigated associations between resting-state networks and individual psychopathology in sixteen patients with paranoid schizophrenia and sixteen matched healthy control participants. Methods: We estimated whole-brain functional connectivity of multiple networks using a combination of spatial independent component analysis and multiple regression analysis. Five networks (default-mode, left and right fronto-parietal, left fronto-temporal and auditory networks) were selected for analysis based on their involvement in neuropsychological models of psychosis. Betweengroup comparisons and correlations to psychopathology ratings were performed on both spatial (connectivity distributions) and temporal features (power-spectral densities of temporal frequencies below 0.06 Hz). Results: Schizophrenia patients showed aberrant functional connectivity in the default-mode network, which correlated with severity of hallucinations and delusions, and decreased hemispheric separation of fronto-parietal activity, which correlated with disorganization symptoms. Furthermore, the severity of positive symptoms correlated with functional connectivity of fronto-temporal and auditory networks. Finally, default-mode and auditory networks showed increased spectral power of low frequency oscillations, which correlated with positive symptom severity. Discussion: These results are in line with findings from studies that investigated the neural correlates of positive symptoms and
suggest that psychopathology is associated with aberrant intrinsic organization of functional brain networks in schizophrenia.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.878
Poster 118 ALTERED COGNITIVE AND EMOTIONAL MODULATION OF BRAIN ACTIVITY IN SCHIZOPHRENIA Aurélie Royer1, Fabien Schneider1, Adrianna Mendrek2, Emmanuel Stip2 1 University Hospital of Saint-Etienne Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France; 2 University of Montreal Montreal, Québec, Canada Background: Everyday life and clinical experiences demonstrate strong interaction between the processing of emotion and cognition in the human behaviour. Reciprocal modulation and attenuation in medial and lateral prefrontal cortices (including the anterior cingulated cortex) may constitute the neurophysiologic basis for emotional-cognitive interaction as observed in both healthy and psychiatric subjects. Schizophrenia is among the most severe of psychiatric disorders, leading to impairments of affective and cognitive abilities. These dysfunctions affect each other mutually. In this study, we investigated the neural deficits of schizophrenia patients during the interaction of negative emotion and short-term memory. Methods: Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we investigated BOLD-signal changes in 13 medicated schizophrenia outpatients and 10 healthy subjects during a short-term memory task involving photographs taken from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS). Each short-term memory trial consisted in the sequential presentation of two pictures and a simple question concerning one of the images. The pictures were grouped in 20s blocks depending of their emotional content (negative or neutral). These different experimental conditions were then compared to each other using classic linear modeling. This design allows studying the influence of negative emotional pictures on the short-term memory processes. Results: During the neutral condition (i.e. visualisation and memorisation of two neutral pictures), schizophrenia patients exhibited higher frontal activity than control subjects, especially in the dorsal part of the anterior cingulate gyrus (dACC) and the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). When comparing negative and neutral conditions (i.e. memorisation of two negative pictures versus two neutral pictures), we observed lower activations in schizophrenia patients compared to healthy subjects in the rostral part of the anterior cingulate gyrus (rACC), the medial obito-frontal cortex and bilateral fronto-insular cortex (FIC). Discussion: These results demonstrate that schizophrenia patients recruit the dlPFC and the dACC more intensely than healthy subjects during a short-term memory task (i.e. neutral condition). A stronger activity in these areas is likely to reflect an increased effort to appropriately complete the task in schizophrenia patients. However, with emotional pictures (negative condition), schizophrenia patients exhibited lower activity in a fronto-insular network, including medial prefrontal areas (rACC and orbitofrontal cortex), compared to healthy participants. Moreover, this lower frontal activity was associated with an increase of the patient reaction times.
doi:10.1016/j.schres.2010.02.879