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Rhododendron honey and active substance Grayanotoxin III induced chromosome abnormalities in mice bone marrow cells
S192
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 258S (2016) S62–S324
fewer ethical concerns, etc. The simplicity of the conventional in vitro models makes them incapable of achieving adequate physiological relevance for mimicking the human body, however, which is a dynamic system that has complex three-dimensional microenvironment, intracellular communications and organ interactions. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop more physiologically relevant in vitro systems for better simulating the human body in response of drugs and providing more reliable in-vitro in-vivo translation (IVIVT) from preclinical results to clinical outcomes. Our goal in developing a Microphysiological Systems (MPS) technology is to provide an improved approach for more predictive preclinical drug discovery and development via a highly integrated experimental/computational paradigm. Success will require quantitative characterization of MPSs and mechanistic analysis of experimental findings sufficient to translate resulting insights from in vitro to in vivo. For example, ADMET, pharmacodynamic and toxicodynamic properties of a drug can be experimentally investigated in multi-MPS (multi-organ) platforms under various physiological conditions. Complex experimental results can be interpreted using mechanistic pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) and toxicokinetics/toxicodynamics (TK/TD) models allowing us to predict clinical outcomes more accurately than existing preclinical animal models. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1703 P10-037 Rhododendron honey and active substance Grayanotoxin III induced chromosome abnormalities in mice bone marrow cells F. Gökalp 1,∗ , P. Göc¸ Rasgele 2 , M. Kekec¸o˘glu 3 , S. Kaya 3 , M. Kambur 3 1
Department of Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey Department of Biosystems Engineering, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey 3 Department of Biology, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey 2
Grayanotoxins (GTXs) are toxic compounds contained in the leaves, flowers, pollen and nectar of some species of the Rhododendron plant (Ericaceae) situated in Black Sea Region of Turkey. Rhododendron honey (RH) also called as “mad honey” among the public was produced from the floral nectar of these plants. RH causes poisoning in humans due to grayanotoxin in its structure. However it commonly has use as curative at some diseases among public. It is aimed to investigate induction of chromosome aberrations and its cytotoxic effect after 24 h exposure of Grayanotoxin III (GTX-III) and RH in bone marrow cells of mice. Mice were exposed with different concentrations of RH (25, 50, 75 mg/kg) and its active substance GTX-III (0.01 mg/kg) by gavage. 6 male mice were used for each concentration and control groups. It was found out that both RH and GTX-III were significantly induced chromosome aberrations but not decreased mitotic index. Aberration frequencies were increased as the concentration increase. These results demonstrated that GTXs might have genotoxic effect in bone marrow cells in vivo studies. Rhododendron honey should be used in control. Other studies with other test systems may provide more information about genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of this product on animal models. Financial support: This study was a part of scientific research titled “The Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Rhododendron Honey on Bone Marrow and Sperm Cells of Mice” and it was supported by Duzce University Scientific Research Fund [Project number 2013.01.01.199]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1704
P10-038 Investigation of potential neurotoxic effects of perfluorooctanoic acid in Balb/c mice by evaluating oxidative stress induction and possible protective effects of taurine and coenzyme Q10 in this model system B. Ünlü Endirlik 1 , E. Özger 1 , A. Eken 1 , F. Öztürk 2 , A. Gürbay 3,∗ 1
Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Kayseri, Turkey 2 Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kayseri, Turkey 3 Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an artificial perfluorinated compound that is widely used in the manufacturing process of various industrial and consumer products. It is a member of persistent organic pollutants and bioaccumulates in environment and food chain. Regarding its hazard potential and reported neurotoxic effects in animals, the aim of this study was to investigate possible oxidative stress inducing effects of PFOA in the cerebral tissue of Balb/c mice. Potential protective effects of taurine and coenzyme Q10 were also evaluated in this model system. For this purpose, two different doses of PFOA (15 or 30 mg/kg) were given to mice by oral route for ten days. Administration of 30 mg/kg of PFOA caused significant (p < 0.05) increases in relative brain weights of animals. In accordance with literature, histopathological examination showed that PFOA did not cause any change in the brains of mice. On the other hand, high dose of PFOA induced lipid peroxidation significantly (p = 0.004). It has been shown that both concentrations of the agent decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.003) and Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase. Slight increases were noted in total glutathione levels and catalase activity with both concentrations of PFOA. Taurine or coenzyme Q10 pretreatment of mice did not provide a protection against oxidative stress inducing effects of PFOA, but slight changes were observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that PFOA induces oxidative stress in brain tissue of mice and further studies are required in order to understand exact mechanism of toxicity. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1705 P10-039 Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of two different infusions made from black tea A. Ebadollahinatanzi 1,∗ , H. Moghadasi 2 1
Department of Medicinal Plants, Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran 2 Institute of Technical and Vocational Higher Education, AREEO, Tehran, Iran Objectives: Phenolic compounds are important secondary metabolites which present in plants and herbal infusions such as infusions made from Camellia sinensis (CS); Elettaria cardamomum (EC) and Zingiber officinale (ZO). Among reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide is considered as a toxicant and can accelerate aging and finally result in cell death in animal and plants tissues. This study was carried out to evaluate and compare the potential of two known infusions in contrast to Vit-C for scavenging the hydrogen peroxide in vitro.
Abstracts / Toxicology Letters 258S (2016) S62–S324
fewer ethical concerns, etc. The simplicity of the conventional in vitro models makes them incapable of achieving adequate physiological relevance for mimicking the human body, however, which is a dynamic system that has complex three-dimensional microenvironment, intracellular communications and organ interactions. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop more physiologically relevant in vitro systems for better simulating the human body in response of drugs and providing more reliable in-vitro in-vivo translation (IVIVT) from preclinical results to clinical outcomes. Our goal in developing a Microphysiological Systems (MPS) technology is to provide an improved approach for more predictive preclinical drug discovery and development via a highly integrated experimental/computational paradigm. Success will require quantitative characterization of MPSs and mechanistic analysis of experimental findings sufficient to translate resulting insights from in vitro to in vivo. For example, ADMET, pharmacodynamic and toxicodynamic properties of a drug can be experimentally investigated in multi-MPS (multi-organ) platforms under various physiological conditions. Complex experimental results can be interpreted using mechanistic pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) and toxicokinetics/toxicodynamics (TK/TD) models allowing us to predict clinical outcomes more accurately than existing preclinical animal models. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1703 P10-037 Rhododendron honey and active substance Grayanotoxin III induced chromosome abnormalities in mice bone marrow cells F. Gökalp 1,∗ , P. Göc¸ Rasgele 2 , M. Kekec¸o˘glu 3 , S. Kaya 3 , M. Kambur 3 1
Department of Biology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey Department of Biosystems Engineering, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey 3 Department of Biology, Düzce University, Düzce, Turkey 2
Grayanotoxins (GTXs) are toxic compounds contained in the leaves, flowers, pollen and nectar of some species of the Rhododendron plant (Ericaceae) situated in Black Sea Region of Turkey. Rhododendron honey (RH) also called as “mad honey” among the public was produced from the floral nectar of these plants. RH causes poisoning in humans due to grayanotoxin in its structure. However it commonly has use as curative at some diseases among public. It is aimed to investigate induction of chromosome aberrations and its cytotoxic effect after 24 h exposure of Grayanotoxin III (GTX-III) and RH in bone marrow cells of mice. Mice were exposed with different concentrations of RH (25, 50, 75 mg/kg) and its active substance GTX-III (0.01 mg/kg) by gavage. 6 male mice were used for each concentration and control groups. It was found out that both RH and GTX-III were significantly induced chromosome aberrations but not decreased mitotic index. Aberration frequencies were increased as the concentration increase. These results demonstrated that GTXs might have genotoxic effect in bone marrow cells in vivo studies. Rhododendron honey should be used in control. Other studies with other test systems may provide more information about genotoxic and cytotoxic effect of this product on animal models. Financial support: This study was a part of scientific research titled “The Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Rhododendron Honey on Bone Marrow and Sperm Cells of Mice” and it was supported by Duzce University Scientific Research Fund [Project number 2013.01.01.199]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1704
P10-038 Investigation of potential neurotoxic effects of perfluorooctanoic acid in Balb/c mice by evaluating oxidative stress induction and possible protective effects of taurine and coenzyme Q10 in this model system B. Ünlü Endirlik 1 , E. Özger 1 , A. Eken 1 , F. Öztürk 2 , A. Gürbay 3,∗ 1
Erciyes University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Kayseri, Turkey 2 Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Kayseri, Turkey 3 Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Toxicology, Ankara, Turkey
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an artificial perfluorinated compound that is widely used in the manufacturing process of various industrial and consumer products. It is a member of persistent organic pollutants and bioaccumulates in environment and food chain. Regarding its hazard potential and reported neurotoxic effects in animals, the aim of this study was to investigate possible oxidative stress inducing effects of PFOA in the cerebral tissue of Balb/c mice. Potential protective effects of taurine and coenzyme Q10 were also evaluated in this model system. For this purpose, two different doses of PFOA (15 or 30 mg/kg) were given to mice by oral route for ten days. Administration of 30 mg/kg of PFOA caused significant (p < 0.05) increases in relative brain weights of animals. In accordance with literature, histopathological examination showed that PFOA did not cause any change in the brains of mice. On the other hand, high dose of PFOA induced lipid peroxidation significantly (p = 0.004). It has been shown that both concentrations of the agent decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (p = 0.003) and Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase. Slight increases were noted in total glutathione levels and catalase activity with both concentrations of PFOA. Taurine or coenzyme Q10 pretreatment of mice did not provide a protection against oxidative stress inducing effects of PFOA, but slight changes were observed in the activities of antioxidant enzymes. These results suggest that PFOA induces oxidative stress in brain tissue of mice and further studies are required in order to understand exact mechanism of toxicity. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2016.06.1705 P10-039 Hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity of two different infusions made from black tea A. Ebadollahinatanzi 1,∗ , H. Moghadasi 2 1
Department of Medicinal Plants, Imam Khomeini Higher Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran 2 Institute of Technical and Vocational Higher Education, AREEO, Tehran, Iran Objectives: Phenolic compounds are important secondary metabolites which present in plants and herbal infusions such as infusions made from Camellia sinensis (CS); Elettaria cardamomum (EC) and Zingiber officinale (ZO). Among reactive oxygen species, hydrogen peroxide is considered as a toxicant and can accelerate aging and finally result in cell death in animal and plants tissues. This study was carried out to evaluate and compare the potential of two known infusions in contrast to Vit-C for scavenging the hydrogen peroxide in vitro.