Risk activities related to traditional fishing activities leading to musculoskeletal problems among Sri Lankan fishermen

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significant positive correlation with FTSTS times (r = 0.445 to 0.576, p < 0.006). Conclusion(s): The PWT showed good to excellent intrarater, inter-rater and test-retest reliability in people with chronic stroke. The PWT times significantly correlated with motor control and functional balance strength of lower limbs, and walking speed in people with chronic stroke. Implications: The PWT is an easy-to-administer and reliable clinical test in assessing walking balance in people with chronic stroke. Keywords: Walking; Balance; Stroke Funding acknowledgements: General Research Grant (Ref: 562413) from Research Grants Council, Hong Kong awarded to Shamay SM Ng and her team. Ethics approval: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.621 Research Report Poster Presentation Number: RR-PO-15-18-Sat Saturday 2 May 2015 13:00 Exhibit halls 401–403 ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF SEAT HEIGHT AND ARM POSITION ON FTSTS COMPLETION TIMES OF OLDER FEMALE ADULTS S.S.M. Ng 1 , S.Y. Cheung 1 , L.S.W. Lai 1 , A.S.L. Liu 1 , S.H.I. Ieong 1 , S.S.M. Fong 2 1 The

Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong, Hong Kong; 2 University of Hong Kong, Institute of Human Performance, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Background: The five times sit-to-stand test (FTSTS) is commonly used as outcome measures in geriatric and stroke rehabilitation for measuring functional muscle strength of lower limb. The test requires a subject to stand up and sit down 5 times as quickly as possible from a chair. The time taken to complete the test (the FTSTS completion times) is recorded. Previous studies had demonstrated that greater knee extensor moment was required in standing up from a lower seat, and arm position could affect the momentum produced in shifting of the body’s centre of gravity upwards and forwards when rising up from a chair. Although seat height and arm positions might affect the FTSTS completion time, it has not been standardized in previous studies. Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate the association of seat height (115%, 100% and 85% knee height) and arm position (arms across chest or hands on the thighs) on FTSTS completion times. Methods: This study is across-sectional study. The times in completing the FTSTS with different seat height (85%, 100% and 115% knee height) and arm positions (arms across

chest, hands on thighs) was recorded with a stopwatch. The sequence of different testing conditions was randomized by drawing lots. Results: Thirty-three female older adults (mean age, 61.8 ± 5.3 years) participated in this study. The FTSTS completion times were significantly different between 85% and 115% seat heights, and between 100% and 115% seat heights in both arms across chest or hands on the thighs positions. However, there was no significant difference between the FTSTS completion times with the two arm positions at any seat height tested. Conclusion(s): Lower seat heights resulted in longer FTSTS completion times, whereas arms positions did not significantly affect the FTSTS times of older female adults. Implications: Thus, standardized seat height should be used in FTSTS administration in both clinical practice and academic research. Keywords: Sit-to-stand; Stroke; Outcome Funding acknowledgements: General Research Grant (Ref: 562413) from Research Grants Council, Hong Kong to Shamay S. Ng and her team. Ethics approval: The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.622 Research Report Poster Presentation Number: RR-PO-12-21-Mon Monday 4 May 2015 12:15 Exhibit halls 401–403 RISK ACTIVITIES RELATED TO TRADITIONAL FISHING ACTIVITIES LEADING TO MUSCULOSKELETAL PROBLEMS AMONG SRI LANKAN FISHERMEN M. Fonseka 1 , A. Karunaratne 1 , S. Senanayake 1 , N. Niyaz 1 , D. Thangavel 1 , P. Croos 1 , S. Roche 1 , D.N. Silva 2 1 International

Institute of Health Sciences (IIHS), Colombo, Sri Lanka; 2 International Institute of Health Sciences (IIHS), Academic, Colombo, Sri Lanka Background: Since Sri Lanka is an island, fishing and other fishing related activities are a major occupational category. However, most of the fishermen still use the traditional methods of fishing, and the associated activities too are not industrially standardized. These traditional activities and methods put the fishermen at risk of acquiring musculoskeletal pathologies of various degrees. Although the population of fishermen in the island is quite large, these aspects have not been studied. Purpose: To describe musculoskeletal problems among traditional Sri Lankan fishermen and the possible occupational risk activities leading to them.

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Methods: For the purpose of this study, 3 rural Sri Lankan fishing villages in the coast of the Eastern province of Sri Lanka were chosen. These villages were typical Srilankan fishing villages where the common rural behaviors and most of the traditional fishing activities are practiced. The study was designed as a qualitative research. Multiple methods were used to collect data. Semi structured interviews were conducted and recorded, visual ethnography, which is the use of photographs of the risk activities taken from the consented participants engaging in risk activities and participatory observation method were used to subjectively gauge and identify risk activities. Qualitative data gathered using all these methods was thematically analyzed. Results: Risk activities identified seemed to affect most of the joints. The joints which were at a higher risk were shoulder, hip and knee joints. Many activities leading to an unstable posture were observed. The risk activities were identified under three themes; specific traditional fishing related activities, activities associated with the use of sub-standard equipment and general poor postural practices. The specific risk activities related to traditional fishing as an occupation were: fishing with seines (long drag nets), casting fishing nets, traditional spear fishing, and stilt fishing (a unique traditional fishing method where fishermen balance themselves on pole). The activities related to using sub-standard equipment were: carrying weights (baskets of fish, nets) on stick, fishing with low quality rods, pushing and pulling the wooden boats to and from the sea, and performing most of the fishing activities bare-footed on a sandy shore. In addition to the above special activities, poor postural activities such as lifting, long standing, bending, squatting and carrying in general were identified. Except for a few young fishermen, most of the others complained of numerous musculoskeletal problems. Though there was a high prevalence no special precautions or treatments were taken except for local remedies. Conclusion(s): The most prevalent problems were joint and muscle pains, with the most common complaint being shoulder and knee pain which led to limitations whilst performing daily activities. Furthermore, traditional activities carried out using sub-standard equipment in unsuitable postures increases the risk of musculoskeletal pains among these fishermen. Implications: The risk activities might lead to musculoskeletal ailments causing loss of income to the fishermen and a reduction to the productivity of the national fisheries. Keywords: Sri Lanka; Traditional fishing; Musculoskeletal problems Funding acknowledgements: The research was self funded by the student researchers. Ethics approval: Institutional Board at the International Institute of Health Sciences reviewed the proposal and granted institutional ethical approval for the research. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.623

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Special Interest Report Poster Presentation Number: SI-PO-03-03-Sun Sunday 3 May 2015 12:15 Exhibit halls 401–403 IMPROVED FUNCTION IN ICU SURVIVORS WITH INCREASED FREQUENCY OF PHYSIOTHERAPY J.W. Foong, A. Teo, C. Tan, J. Tan Changi General Hospital, Rehabilitative Services, Singapore, Singapore Background: Critical illness myopathy contributes to poor mobility status in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survivors. Physiotherapy within the ICU is thus directed towards minimising future morbidity and maximising function. Purpose: It is hypothesised that ICU survivors who commenced earlier mobilisation will attain better functional status upon ICU and hospital discharge. With the implementation of early (within 24 hours) assessment for mobilisation, it was meaningful to describe the commencement of functional movement by patients, and the impact of Physiotherapy on these patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients (n = 139) admitted into Medical ICU within December 2013 was performed. Results: Thirty-nine patients (28.6%) were included for this study analysis. At ICU discharge, 16 (41%) patients were mobilised. Only 11 (28.2%) patients were non-ambulant at discharge. Amongst those who could ambulate, 11 (39.2%) achieved a FIM-Locomotion® score of 7 at hospital discharge. Commencement of mobilisation was dependent on age (p = 0.048), APACHE-II scores (p = 0.025) and MV days (p = 0.026). Higher frequency of mobilisation (p = 0.01) and PT sessions in ICU (p = 0.034) were associated with better FIM-Locomotion® scores. Conclusion(s): Higher frequency of Physiotherapy sessions and mobilisation during ICU stay showed better locomotion status on discharge. However, early mobilisation could be halted due to barriers such as patient’s age, illness severity and ventilation requirements. Implications: Clinicians should consider increasing frequency of intervention sessions in ICU to reach optimal dose response for functional status. Keywords: Early mobilisation; Physiotherapy Funding acknowledgements: There is no funding for this study. Ethics approval: Ethics approval has been sought from the Singhealth Centralised Institutional Review Board with a waiver of informed consent. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.624