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Rock paste for filling abandoned mines
86A was studied in the field and in the laboratory and the behaviour of roof bolt systems examined. From this work, a final support system of cable tendons and bolts was designed. 882268
Experimental investigation on cable reinforcement Nguyen, V U; Aziz, N I; Hii, J; Fabjanczyk, M W In: Ground Movement and Control Related to Coal Mining (papers to the Syml~sium, llla warra, August 1956) P93-101. Publ Parkville: AuslMM, 1986 Laboratory pullout tests were carried out on roof reinforcement systems presently used in Australia: 7ram bent wire, Dividag bar, 12.5ram 7 wire strand, and 10 strand birdcage cable. Load deformation characteristics and the various design parameters controlling the effectiveness of cable-grout systems were studied. Recommendations for further tests are made. 882269
Development of strata control at Tahmoor mine Nicholls, B; Stone, I In: Ground Movement and Control Related to Coal Mining (papers to the Symposium, lllawarra, August 1986) P109117. Publ Parkville: AuslMM, 1986 Difficult roof conditions have been found in the Tahmoor mine in the Sydney basin since it was opened. A predominantly horizontal stressficld promotes shear failure in the thinly interbedded roof sequence. General roof conditions and failure characteristics are related to the angle between roadway and pnncipal horizontal stress directions. Initial roof support by bolts was inadequate, as was the addition of RSJs. A modified system of resin grouted bolts, with pillar design modification and rib support in some areas, is successful. Stressfield data is used in support design for new developments.
Shotcrete 882270 Tunnelling through squeezing rock in two large fault zones of the Enasan Tunnel II Kimura, F; Okabayashi, N; Kawamoto, T Rock Mech Rock Engng V20, N3, July-Sept 1987, P151-166 A comparison is made between the use of flexible and stiff support in complex fault zones in the Enasan tunnel, Japan. Selection of support method is a complex matter, Shotcrete or sliding steel sets cannot be used at high ground pressure and low rock strength, as, if displacement exceeds design limits, the loosened zone increases and rock bolts become ineffective. The stiff system must resist ground pressure without local failures which can require repeated repair. The ideal support system with adequate stiffness in relation to ground pressure and rock strength in faulted zones still requires more research.
882272
Prevention of subsidence using stowing methods Munjeri, D Colliery Guard V235. N7, July 1987, P244-250 The causes of subsidence and damage due to subsidence and its classification are first introduced. Mechanica~requirements of mine waste as a stowing material and the main emplacement methods, hand, mechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic filling, and their relative advantages and effectiveness are presented. Typical equipment, desired properties, and required pretreatment of the waste for the different handling SYstems are described. 882273
Experience with pneumatic stowing given the overhand wor~ng of the L u i ~ Mine Reinshagen, K German Min N2, 1987. P56-60 The Luisenthal colliery, Germany, is in a tectonically disturbed region and is overlain by many surface structures. When geological irregularities prevented m e c h a ~ t i o n of support, filling was changed from hydraulic to pneumatic, The advantages of the change, seam edge techniques, face support adopted, the stowing method and equipment and results of its use are described. 882274 Rock paste for filling abandoned mines
Ward, W H Ground Engng V20o N5, July' 1987, P29-33 Many disused limestone mines in the East Midlands, UK, are in dangerous condition. It was proposed to backfill these old room and pillar workings with waste rock mixed with water (rock paste). Readily available colliery spoil was the chosen rock material Mixing, pumping, spreading and filling results of trials are described. Some properties of the rock paste materials are tabulated, and the capacity o f the fill to support the overlying rock analysed. 882275 Design of rock support for a major urban highway tunnel Kitagawa, T; Rohde, J K G Proc International S y m p o ~ on Large Rock Caeerns, Helsinki, 25-28 August, 1986 V2. P1281~1292: Publ Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1986 A twin tube tunnel in Oslo, Norway, will run partly through Precambrian gneiss of fairly good rock quality and partly through Cambro-Silurian sedimentary rocks containing intrusive dykes. The geological conditions are described. Support was designed using two methods, Rock Mass Quality (Q)and rock-support interaction analysis, which ga~e similar results, The Q method (Barton et al, 1974) is seen to be a useful practical tool.
Direct rock support methods Grouting
882271
Centrifuge model studies for bacidili design at Westmin Resources Limited,H. W. Mine Mitchell, R J; Smith, J D CIM Bull I"80, N903, July 1987, P39-44 The geotechnical centrifuge has been used to model the stability of cemented tailings backfill during pillar recovery in an underground mine. Model studies generally support twodimensional stope stability predictions based on unconfined and triaxial test data at low cement content, but show higher than predicted stability if cement content is increased, Some mine design configurations were also investigated.
882276
Investigations on the rock.typ~ndeqtmte grouting ~ e i n rock grouting (In German) Ewert, F K Felsbau I/5, N3. Aug 1987, P125-131 Grouting pressure must be chosen to attain wide spreading with minimum injection holes, without uneconomical fractur, ing of the rock mass. It is traditionally bared on the weight of overlying rock. It is shown that in many eases the pressure to initiate hydraulic fracturing depends on the deformability of
© 1988 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted
Experimental investigation on cable reinforcement Nguyen, V U; Aziz, N I; Hii, J; Fabjanczyk, M W In: Ground Movement and Control Related to Coal Mining (papers to the Syml~sium, llla warra, August 1956) P93-101. Publ Parkville: AuslMM, 1986 Laboratory pullout tests were carried out on roof reinforcement systems presently used in Australia: 7ram bent wire, Dividag bar, 12.5ram 7 wire strand, and 10 strand birdcage cable. Load deformation characteristics and the various design parameters controlling the effectiveness of cable-grout systems were studied. Recommendations for further tests are made. 882269
Development of strata control at Tahmoor mine Nicholls, B; Stone, I In: Ground Movement and Control Related to Coal Mining (papers to the Symposium, lllawarra, August 1986) P109117. Publ Parkville: AuslMM, 1986 Difficult roof conditions have been found in the Tahmoor mine in the Sydney basin since it was opened. A predominantly horizontal stressficld promotes shear failure in the thinly interbedded roof sequence. General roof conditions and failure characteristics are related to the angle between roadway and pnncipal horizontal stress directions. Initial roof support by bolts was inadequate, as was the addition of RSJs. A modified system of resin grouted bolts, with pillar design modification and rib support in some areas, is successful. Stressfield data is used in support design for new developments.
Shotcrete 882270 Tunnelling through squeezing rock in two large fault zones of the Enasan Tunnel II Kimura, F; Okabayashi, N; Kawamoto, T Rock Mech Rock Engng V20, N3, July-Sept 1987, P151-166 A comparison is made between the use of flexible and stiff support in complex fault zones in the Enasan tunnel, Japan. Selection of support method is a complex matter, Shotcrete or sliding steel sets cannot be used at high ground pressure and low rock strength, as, if displacement exceeds design limits, the loosened zone increases and rock bolts become ineffective. The stiff system must resist ground pressure without local failures which can require repeated repair. The ideal support system with adequate stiffness in relation to ground pressure and rock strength in faulted zones still requires more research.
882272
Prevention of subsidence using stowing methods Munjeri, D Colliery Guard V235. N7, July 1987, P244-250 The causes of subsidence and damage due to subsidence and its classification are first introduced. Mechanica~requirements of mine waste as a stowing material and the main emplacement methods, hand, mechanical, pneumatic, and hydraulic filling, and their relative advantages and effectiveness are presented. Typical equipment, desired properties, and required pretreatment of the waste for the different handling SYstems are described. 882273
Experience with pneumatic stowing given the overhand wor~ng of the L u i ~ Mine Reinshagen, K German Min N2, 1987. P56-60 The Luisenthal colliery, Germany, is in a tectonically disturbed region and is overlain by many surface structures. When geological irregularities prevented m e c h a ~ t i o n of support, filling was changed from hydraulic to pneumatic, The advantages of the change, seam edge techniques, face support adopted, the stowing method and equipment and results of its use are described. 882274 Rock paste for filling abandoned mines
Ward, W H Ground Engng V20o N5, July' 1987, P29-33 Many disused limestone mines in the East Midlands, UK, are in dangerous condition. It was proposed to backfill these old room and pillar workings with waste rock mixed with water (rock paste). Readily available colliery spoil was the chosen rock material Mixing, pumping, spreading and filling results of trials are described. Some properties of the rock paste materials are tabulated, and the capacity o f the fill to support the overlying rock analysed. 882275 Design of rock support for a major urban highway tunnel Kitagawa, T; Rohde, J K G Proc International S y m p o ~ on Large Rock Caeerns, Helsinki, 25-28 August, 1986 V2. P1281~1292: Publ Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1986 A twin tube tunnel in Oslo, Norway, will run partly through Precambrian gneiss of fairly good rock quality and partly through Cambro-Silurian sedimentary rocks containing intrusive dykes. The geological conditions are described. Support was designed using two methods, Rock Mass Quality (Q)and rock-support interaction analysis, which ga~e similar results, The Q method (Barton et al, 1974) is seen to be a useful practical tool.
Direct rock support methods Grouting
882271
Centrifuge model studies for bacidili design at Westmin Resources Limited,H. W. Mine Mitchell, R J; Smith, J D CIM Bull I"80, N903, July 1987, P39-44 The geotechnical centrifuge has been used to model the stability of cemented tailings backfill during pillar recovery in an underground mine. Model studies generally support twodimensional stope stability predictions based on unconfined and triaxial test data at low cement content, but show higher than predicted stability if cement content is increased, Some mine design configurations were also investigated.
882276
Investigations on the rock.typ~ndeqtmte grouting ~ e i n rock grouting (In German) Ewert, F K Felsbau I/5, N3. Aug 1987, P125-131 Grouting pressure must be chosen to attain wide spreading with minimum injection holes, without uneconomical fractur, ing of the rock mass. It is traditionally bared on the weight of overlying rock. It is shown that in many eases the pressure to initiate hydraulic fracturing depends on the deformability of
© 1988 Pergamon Press pie. Reproduction not permitted