- Email: [email protected]
Role of diet composition on bacterial translocation (BT) after small bowel transplantation (SBT) in rats
Topic 5 -NUTRITION
IN THE CRITICALLY
ILL (INCLUDING
TRAUMA,
BURNS,
TRANSPLANT)
cated to receive during two weeks post-SBT three different, nutritional protocols: Group 1 received a chemically defined diet containing RNA, Arginine and Omega-3-Fatty acids (Impact, Wander-Sandoz); Group 2 received a standard rat chow; Group 3 received a rat chow enriched with OKG (Ornicetil, Lab. J. Logeais, Paris) at a dose of 1.4 glkfday. The total intake of nitrogen and calories was similar in all the three groups. At the end of the study period, animals were sacrified. Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver (L) and sp!een (S) were asceptically excised, weighed and submitted to bacteriological quantitative cultures, DNA and protein (Prot) contents were determined on ileal mucosa and expressed as ngr and mg/g tissue. Food intake and body weight changes were daily measured. Resuls: At the end of the study, the mean weight gain were -2.78%, 6.6% and 4.2% in group 1, 2 and 3. BT is reflected in the following Table.
P.31 Gastrointestinal transit time during systemic endotoxaemia. G. Jennings, P. Lunn and M. Elia. MRC Dunn Nutrition Unit, Downham’s Cambridge CB4 lXJ, UK.
SEPSIS,
Lane, Milton Road,
Slow gastrointestinal emptying frequently prevents adequate oral or gastric feeding during critical illness, but the contribution of drugs, hypoxia, intra-abdominal disease and systemic illness are poorly defined. The aim of this study was to assess whether systemic endotoxaemia alone affects stomach and/or small intestinal transit times. E. coli endotoxin (011 l:B4 phenol extract - Sigma Chemica Co.) in saline (QOgll) was injected intraperitoneally into rats 4042 days of age, at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Control rats were injected with saline (QOg/l) alone. Two hours later 1 ml 5’Cr-EDTA (100000 dpm/ml) was administered by gavage and access to food was denied. Animals were sacrificed at various times after administration of 5’Cr-EDTA (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.5 hours, n = 5 at each time point), and the stomach, small intestine and large intestine were isolated for counting. Q&101% of the administered dose of 5’Cr-EDTA was recovered in the gastro-intestinal tract, but the transit time through the stomach (calculated from the total area under the time-% dose curve) was considerably slower in the endotoxin injected animals (26 f 2 [SE] vs 162 + 37 min; p < 0.01) but there was no significant effect on the transit time of the small intestine (61 * 17 vs 93 & 29 min).The time taken for half the marker to empty from the stomach was considerably reduced in the endotoxin injected animals (20 + 2 vs 150 f 20 min; p < 0.01). This was associated with a considerable delay before half the marker reached the large intestine (82 f 18 vs 250 f 30 min; p < 0.01). In the saline injected animals the weight of the stomach plus contents progressively decreased (e.g. 1.97f 0.2 g at 30 min to 0.86 f 0.1 g at 210 min; p < 0.01) whilst in the endotoxin injected animals there was little change (2.64 f 0.1 and 2.46 ? 1.3 g at the corresponding times), presumably because gastric emptying was matched by entry of fluid into the stomach (e.g. from gastric secretions). The results indicate that in rats, systemic endotoxaemia without any associated primary abdominal pathology, can markedly delay oral-caecal transit time by an effect on gastric emptying.
Group1 Group2 Group3
MLN 4.2k 3.6 3.9 i3.6 1.6f1.3 2-3~~0.05 l-3p
L 3.0+ 2.5 3 1 ?2.6 1.2i 0.6 l-3p
S 3.4 i2.9 2.6 t2.4 2.ot 1.9 l-2p
Intestinal Prot/DNA content index was 5.8 i 0.9 mg/ng in Group 1; 3.5 i: 2.4 mg/ng in Group 2 and 6.8 t 1.2 mg/ng in Group 3 (1 vs 2 p < 0.025; 2 vs 3 p c 0.001 and 1 vs 3 p NS). From our results, we can conclude that BT is a common phenomen after SBT. Lack of fibre in the diet enhances BT, which in contrast can be reduced by the addition of OKG.
P.33 insulin-like growth factor-l (JGF-1) promotes protein metabolism, prevents intestinal atrophy, and promotes the immune function of burned rats. T. Tashiro, N. Shimoda, H. Yamamori, K. Takagi, Y. Otsubo, T. Sugiura and N. Nakajima. Department of Surgery, Chiba Chiba, Japan.
University
Medical
School,
Unit and **Laboratory of Hospital Princeps d’Espanya,
The effects of IGF-1 on the intestine, whole-body protein metabolism, and the immune function of the burned rats were studied. Twenty-six SD rats were subjected to 20% second degree scald burns and were fed exclusively by TPN. IGF-1 of 4mg/kg/day was injected to 14 rats for 2 days after burn (IGF group). Saline was injected to 12 (control). Whole-body protein kinetics was measured. Blood glucose, creatinine, and UN were also measured. Wet weight, protein content, villous height, and fractional protein synthesis rate (FSR) of small intestinal mucosa were determined. The delayed hypersensitivity response (DTH) was assessed on 2nd postburn day using the ear thickness response to dinitrofluorobenzene.
BT is a common feature after small bowel transplantation. In previous studies, Glutamine has shown to prevent BT after different models of injury. The aim of our study was to assess the role of a Glutamine precursor, Orni!hine-Alpha-Ketoglutarate (OKG), on both BT as well as mucosal protein/DNA contents after syngenic orthotopic SBT. Animals and methods: Male Lewis rats (250300 g) were used for the experiment. Orthotopic SBT was performed according to the technique described elsewhere. Animals were randomly allo-
In conclusion, IGF-1 improves whole-body protein metabolism, promotes the proliferation and protein synthesis of small intestinal mucosa, and increases the cellular immune function of burned rats, without hyperglycemia.
P.32 Role of diet composition on bacterial translocation (BT) after small bowel transplantation (SBT) in rats. C. Bettonica’, J. de Oca*, A. Garcia**, C. Ardanoy**, T. MontarlW and C. Fiol*. *Experimental Research Microbiology, C. S. U. B. Barcelona, Spain.
40
IN THE CRITICALLY
ILL (INCLUDING
TRAUMA,
BURNS,
TRANSPLANT)
cated to receive during two weeks post-SBT three different, nutritional protocols: Group 1 received a chemically defined diet containing RNA, Arginine and Omega-3-Fatty acids (Impact, Wander-Sandoz); Group 2 received a standard rat chow; Group 3 received a rat chow enriched with OKG (Ornicetil, Lab. J. Logeais, Paris) at a dose of 1.4 glkfday. The total intake of nitrogen and calories was similar in all the three groups. At the end of the study period, animals were sacrified. Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver (L) and sp!een (S) were asceptically excised, weighed and submitted to bacteriological quantitative cultures, DNA and protein (Prot) contents were determined on ileal mucosa and expressed as ngr and mg/g tissue. Food intake and body weight changes were daily measured. Resuls: At the end of the study, the mean weight gain were -2.78%, 6.6% and 4.2% in group 1, 2 and 3. BT is reflected in the following Table.
P.31 Gastrointestinal transit time during systemic endotoxaemia. G. Jennings, P. Lunn and M. Elia. MRC Dunn Nutrition Unit, Downham’s Cambridge CB4 lXJ, UK.
SEPSIS,
Lane, Milton Road,
Slow gastrointestinal emptying frequently prevents adequate oral or gastric feeding during critical illness, but the contribution of drugs, hypoxia, intra-abdominal disease and systemic illness are poorly defined. The aim of this study was to assess whether systemic endotoxaemia alone affects stomach and/or small intestinal transit times. E. coli endotoxin (011 l:B4 phenol extract - Sigma Chemica Co.) in saline (QOgll) was injected intraperitoneally into rats 4042 days of age, at a dose of 10 mg/kg. Control rats were injected with saline (QOg/l) alone. Two hours later 1 ml 5’Cr-EDTA (100000 dpm/ml) was administered by gavage and access to food was denied. Animals were sacrificed at various times after administration of 5’Cr-EDTA (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4.5 hours, n = 5 at each time point), and the stomach, small intestine and large intestine were isolated for counting. Q&101% of the administered dose of 5’Cr-EDTA was recovered in the gastro-intestinal tract, but the transit time through the stomach (calculated from the total area under the time-% dose curve) was considerably slower in the endotoxin injected animals (26 f 2 [SE] vs 162 + 37 min; p < 0.01) but there was no significant effect on the transit time of the small intestine (61 * 17 vs 93 & 29 min).The time taken for half the marker to empty from the stomach was considerably reduced in the endotoxin injected animals (20 + 2 vs 150 f 20 min; p < 0.01). This was associated with a considerable delay before half the marker reached the large intestine (82 f 18 vs 250 f 30 min; p < 0.01). In the saline injected animals the weight of the stomach plus contents progressively decreased (e.g. 1.97f 0.2 g at 30 min to 0.86 f 0.1 g at 210 min; p < 0.01) whilst in the endotoxin injected animals there was little change (2.64 f 0.1 and 2.46 ? 1.3 g at the corresponding times), presumably because gastric emptying was matched by entry of fluid into the stomach (e.g. from gastric secretions). The results indicate that in rats, systemic endotoxaemia without any associated primary abdominal pathology, can markedly delay oral-caecal transit time by an effect on gastric emptying.
Group1 Group2 Group3
MLN 4.2k 3.6 3.9 i3.6 1.6f1.3 2-3~~0.05 l-3p
L 3.0+ 2.5 3 1 ?2.6 1.2i 0.6 l-3p
S 3.4 i2.9 2.6 t2.4 2.ot 1.9 l-2p
Intestinal Prot/DNA content index was 5.8 i 0.9 mg/ng in Group 1; 3.5 i: 2.4 mg/ng in Group 2 and 6.8 t 1.2 mg/ng in Group 3 (1 vs 2 p < 0.025; 2 vs 3 p c 0.001 and 1 vs 3 p NS). From our results, we can conclude that BT is a common phenomen after SBT. Lack of fibre in the diet enhances BT, which in contrast can be reduced by the addition of OKG.
P.33 insulin-like growth factor-l (JGF-1) promotes protein metabolism, prevents intestinal atrophy, and promotes the immune function of burned rats. T. Tashiro, N. Shimoda, H. Yamamori, K. Takagi, Y. Otsubo, T. Sugiura and N. Nakajima. Department of Surgery, Chiba Chiba, Japan.
University
Medical
School,
Unit and **Laboratory of Hospital Princeps d’Espanya,
The effects of IGF-1 on the intestine, whole-body protein metabolism, and the immune function of the burned rats were studied. Twenty-six SD rats were subjected to 20% second degree scald burns and were fed exclusively by TPN. IGF-1 of 4mg/kg/day was injected to 14 rats for 2 days after burn (IGF group). Saline was injected to 12 (control). Whole-body protein kinetics was measured. Blood glucose, creatinine, and UN were also measured. Wet weight, protein content, villous height, and fractional protein synthesis rate (FSR) of small intestinal mucosa were determined. The delayed hypersensitivity response (DTH) was assessed on 2nd postburn day using the ear thickness response to dinitrofluorobenzene.
BT is a common feature after small bowel transplantation. In previous studies, Glutamine has shown to prevent BT after different models of injury. The aim of our study was to assess the role of a Glutamine precursor, Orni!hine-Alpha-Ketoglutarate (OKG), on both BT as well as mucosal protein/DNA contents after syngenic orthotopic SBT. Animals and methods: Male Lewis rats (250300 g) were used for the experiment. Orthotopic SBT was performed according to the technique described elsewhere. Animals were randomly allo-
In conclusion, IGF-1 improves whole-body protein metabolism, promotes the proliferation and protein synthesis of small intestinal mucosa, and increases the cellular immune function of burned rats, without hyperglycemia.
P.32 Role of diet composition on bacterial translocation (BT) after small bowel transplantation (SBT) in rats. C. Bettonica’, J. de Oca*, A. Garcia**, C. Ardanoy**, T. MontarlW and C. Fiol*. *Experimental Research Microbiology, C. S. U. B. Barcelona, Spain.
40