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Rolls of facilitator in collaborative active learning for relaxing life
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Procediaonline Computer 00 (2018) 000–000 Available at Science www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000
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Procedia Computer Science 126 (2018) 1415–1423
22nd International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & 22nd International ConferenceEngineering on Knowledge-Based Systems and Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems
Rolls of facilitator in collaborative active learning for relaxing life Rolls of facilitator in collaborative active learning for relaxing life Taizo Miyachiaa, Saiko Igabb, Takashi Furuhatacc * Taizo Miyachi , Saiko Iga , Takashi Furuhata * { a School of Engineering, Tokai University, [email protected] }
ICT Center, Tokai a School ofb Engineering, TokaiUniversity, University,Japan, {[email protected] } c University Utah, USAJapan, b ICT Center, TokaiofUniversity, c University of Utah, USA 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
Abstract Abstract AI could replace many of our human jobs as threatening in the future. However, AI is not good at creativity side to design something new which nothuman exist before. weinfocus the human creativity Collaborative AI could replace manydoes of our jobs asTherefore, threatening the future. However, AI isand notinvented good at the creativity side to Active design something new which does notOriented exist before. weisfocus the human creativity and invented Active Learning method in Feedback DesignTherefore, (CALFOD) as useful in terms of enhancing creativitythe of Collaborative learners for building Learning methoddesign in Feedback Orientedsystems. Design (CALFOD) is as useful in can terms enhancing creativity learners for building the new product and innovative Many innovative systems beof created utilizing sensorof data in multiple fields, suchnew as “Health by and Apple Watch,”systems. and “Automatic driving bysystems Google” IoT society. We analyze roles of a facilitator the product care design innovative Many innovative caninbe created utilizing sensorthe data in multiple fields, such as “Health care by Apple Watch,” and “Automatic by discuss Google”experimental in IoT society. We and analyze the important roles of a assists facilitator of CALFOD to strengthen the effectiveness of CALFOD.driving We also results clarify for of CALFOD to strengthen the effectiveness CALFOD. Weadvanced also discuss experimental results and clarify important assists for learners’ collaboration to create relaxing life of system utilizing technologies/philosophy improvement by easy HMI, and emotional design. to create relaxing life system utilizing advanced technologies/philosophy and improvement by easy HMI, learners’ collaboration and emotional design. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. © 2018 The Authors. by Ltd. This is an open accessPublished article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This is an and openpeer-review access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection under responsibility of KES International. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. Keywords: rolls of facilitator, collaborative active learning; enhancing creativity; feedback oriented design; advanced technology / philosophy; relaxing life; Keywords: rolls of facilitator, collaborative active learning; enhancing creativity; feedback oriented design; advanced technology / philosophy; relaxing life;
1. Introduction 1. Introduction “IoT (Internet of Things)” connects everything with sensors through the Internet and expands services over “IoTfields, (Internet everything withand sensors through the Internet and expands services multiple suchofasThings)” “Health connects care by Apple Watch,” “Automatic driving by Google,” based on sensor over data multiple fields, such as “Health care by Apple Watch,” and “Automatic driving by Google,” based on sensor data
* Taizo Miyachi. Tel.: +81-90-9843-8305; fax: +81-466-50-2412. E-mail * Taizoaddress: [email protected] Tel.: +81-90-9843-8305; fax: +81-466-50-2412. E-mail address: [email protected] 1877-0509 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 1877-0509 © 2018 Thearticle Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection under responsibility of KES International. This is an and openpeer-review access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. 1877-0509 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. 10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.113
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through Big-Data. New IT Services that can cover multiple fields could create innovative values although they might potentially have cross disciplinary problems [1]. In near future, since AI does a part of human work instead, most people might be needed to work for new kinds of jobs. For example, Insurance company has already introduced AI based automated effective data input and output report system. AI is very good at analysis and decision-making part of human work however, AI is not good at creativity part such as making new idea and design something not existed before. Therefore, in the future, People might be needed to become more creative to adapt for such new types of future jobs. This time, we focus the sample system that could relate to effective evaluation feedback, such as, reducing stress, from sensor data over multiple fields utilizing innovative AI systems (See Fig. 1). IoT might have some potential to be able to connect a variety of pleasant human activities, for example, information related to festivals, and events, etc. in a local city. “Digital transformation (DX) [2]” is also changing the ways of lives of people more convenient. Examples of DX are “amazon’s Treasure Truck,” and “Music and food FES (Festival),” etc. We proposed “Collaborative Active Learning method in Feedback Oriented Design (CALFOD)” [3] for enhancing the learners’ creativity for such innovative services. For example, this time, students of CALFOD could design “Resly Trip” with a VR display in an air pillow for relaxing casual travels [4] by CALFOD. We analyze especially important roles of the facilitators in creative works and discuss timely assists for enhancing the attendants’ creativity and designing the new product and innovative systems in each stage Fig. 1 An image of feedback from sensor of CALFOD. data and BigData, etc. 2. Innovative creation and ability of a facilitator Characteristics of CALFOD are mainly five aspects. (c1) Attendants find and define aim and goals. (c2) many kinds of sensors and Big-Data are utilized for effective feedback. (c3) many new sensors and effective application programs of a mobile terminal, such as biological sensors in a bracelet and a shirt, have rapidly been increasing recently. (c4) Assist of a person to design services for trip preferences, such as, a fun event and a beautiful lake with comfortable wind, from a user, biological sensors for body of the user, and user’s tools, such as an analyser of sleep depth. (c5) Big-Data over multiple fields are analysed by both AI and experts and utilized for feedbacks to healthy activities and QOL (Quality of Life) in an IoT society at this time. A facilitator should keep mainly five abilities in terms of expanding creativity of collaborative attendants corresponding to rapid progress of sensors, application programs, and disciplines in science in IoT society for this collaborative learning . (p1) support discovering many kinds of aims and goals that are required from users of CALFOD, (p2) support utilization of many kinds of sensors and sensor data in Big-Data, (p3) find and understand many new sensors and application programs in a mobile terminal. (p4) understand life-style, characteristics, and 24 hours problems in QOL that both new generation “digital native” and ordinary people have. (p5) find and understand both disciplines and tools for health and QOL based on Big-Data over multiple fields. 3. Creation type and assists by a facilitator 3.1. Creation type and learners Innovative creation values by digital natives can be classified into two psychological human types. (T1) Expanding type based on excitement, experiences, and a variety of sensor data, (T2) Scientific rationality type based on scientific disciplines for health and QOL (See Fig. 2). A facilitator of active learning method CALFOD needs to promote innovative creation by considering nature of these types. The facilitator should consider a chain of expansion of creation over multiple fields and create many kinds of excitement and satisfaction by advanced technologies, etc. in T1.
Author name / Procedia Computer Science 00 (2018) 000–000
Taizo Miyachi et al. / Procedia Computer Science 126 (2018) 1415–1423
Learner.
(active learning)
(I)Healthy learner (II)Cautious learner
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Developing solution thinking: A big excitement / many people Reasonable solution thinking: Stress free life / satisfaction
Fig. 2 An example of relationship between learners and thinking Healthy learners tend to expect T1 at first. Cautious learners tend to find values in T2. On the other hands, the facilitator also needs to consider easy creation adapting for a person with some disabilities, difference of human ability, and healthy life-style by biological sensors, etc. in T2. A facilitator needs to guide and support the learner in each stage so that the result of the creative activity becomes better and more innovative according to the learner's situation and the creation value of the goal. A facilitator needs to prepare many kinds of information and knowledge over multiple fields, such as high quality of sleep, half day open hours of udon noodle restaurants, three different culture areas, many kinds of cooking of udon noodle, many kinds of toppings, pleasant tour spots, and inconvenient transportation service, etc. Effective preparations for the assist are mainly five. (a1) Collecting News of effective advanced technologies and knowledge of disciplines in each field (a2) The most important rule and priority when multiple knowledge straddles in multiple fields. (a3) What is selected at the target place and culture (a4) Basic rules for providing information and tools that respects the creativity of attendants (a5) Scheduling and adaption in the suitable speed with collaborators in attendants’ creative activities 3.2. Collaborative active learning in CALFOD and a facilitator CALFOD is basically a combination of W-shaped [5] hypothesis method and design thinking and consists of six stages (See Fig. 3). Many technical terms of components in different stages were explained in detail when to talk about in each stage. Stage 1 provides attendants with Brain Writing method (BW) [6]. Brain Storming method (BS) [7 and 8], Brain Writing with hypothesis method (BW-hf), Advertisement in 3 min. (3MINAD). Stage2 provides attendants with Speed Storming method (SS) and Image Sketch (IS) [9]. Stage3 provides Focus rotation (FR) and product design (PD). Stage4 provides Advanced Technology/Philosophy and emotional design [14] (ATPE) and Functional Design (FD). Stage5 provides Market Mapping (MM) and Scenario Based Thinking (SBT). Stage6 is prototyping stage. A facilitator should assist creative activities of learners in each stage. The facilitator also should activate creative actions and accelerate learners when learners find aims with some motivations. We believe that learners could find either some excitements or motivations at first (See Fig. 4).
Fig. 3 An image of spiral of “Collaborative Active Learning method for enhancing creativity for FOD issues (CALFOD)”
Fig. 4 Targets of creative activities for an innovative system
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Fig. 5 Expected learner’s results in related stages.
The learners also could find aims, disciplines, theories, functions, contents, tools, excitement and design effective functions, contents, tools, effective offer, excitements, HMI (Human Machine Interface), scenarios, and conversation mostly by themselves. They could also choose programming languages and make effective programs for innovative systems through the activity. The learners should make excellent results in effective activities in each stage (See Fig. 5). The facilitator’s assist could be highly evaluated if the learners would produce innovative results corresponding to the activities Stage1 Brain Writing (BW). Attendants could notice their motivations and create basic ideas. A facilitator shows attendants examples of the proposal and some news of innovative changes in IoT society in terms of discovering some initial ideas for an innovative aim. Attendants independently describes both many ideas and some future dreams in BW sheets and share expectations for the current society. A facilitator should guide attendants to consider many different aspects of users’ needs from their motivations and create pleasant spaces with innovated functions based on Big-Data of a variety of sensor data. They could also expand their ideas from different views of other collaborators while exchanging BW sheets with collaborators. The attendants evaluate the ideas each other. The facilitator observes new ideas and sometimes praises excellent ideas and good situations. Brain Storming (BS): Attendants exchange their ideas and motivations and create new ideas. A facilitator should make them to expand their ideas to some innovative systems by effective combination of their ideas and new advanced technologies. A facilitator should emphasize with strong points of their ideas and show related disciplines, basic theories, and some examples of innovative utilizations, etc. This makes attendants start creation of innovative ideas and could sometimes create even more innovative ideas by BS after BW. An attendant proposes his/her best idea and discuss strong points of it. He/she evaluates BS and chooses his/her favourite ideas after BS. The facilitator also praises the strong points and a good combination of ideas. Brain Writing with hypothesis (BW-hf). Attendants should create a good a hypothesis to expand their ideas more innovative ideas based on the discussion results in BS. A facilitator should praise with the hypothesis and provide some similar products, services, and hypothesis from different point views. A facilitator should make the attendants investigate on key issues for innovative systems, such as basic disciplines., theories, and tools that have newly appeared in IoT society. An attendant evaluates the best idea with effective hypothesis. The facilitator should evaluate expanded ideas and provide some popular technologies and theories. 3MINAD (3 min. advertisement). 3 min. is equivalent to the time for six long TVCM or 12 short TVCM. Attendants could focus strong points of their ideas and make pleasant stories of utilizing them in 3 min. TV advertisement. A facilitator should make collaborators give the presenter two comments for the improvement of functions. A facilitator should admire the strong points and show related disciplines and similar tools in order to accelerate creative activities. Collaborators usually find their aims and share common concept in S1. The audiences mutually evaluate the 3MINAD.
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Stage2. Speed Storming (SS). Attendants could quickly acquire a variety of advices from many people with 3MINAD in SS. A facilitator should make an audience of SS answer two improvements for each presentation. New ideas allow the attendant(s) to expand the strong points of ideas either in the real world or multiple fields. The audiences quickly evaluate and create additional ideas. Image Sketch (IS). A facilitator should make attendants to describe typical images of ideas with three strong points. The attendant could recognize both the strong points and new functions to be added. The facilitator should make the attendants describe a sequence of services and interactions between user and the systems. They could find important scenes and create innovative utilizations of new ideas. IS enable the attendants to easily show their ideas and improve them in a sketch. An audience evaluates IS and expand ideas in the IS. He/she sometimes acquires strong impressions from the sketch and expanded ideas. The attendant can additionally describe new ideas in the IS sheet. Stage3. Focus Rotation (FR). A facilitator should change the points of attendants’ focus and allows the attendant to show the other collaborators an original counter design. The attendant could not only provide some advices but also provide the whole solution from more different point of views. Attendants could evaluate different proposals and reconsider their own ideas when they could compare original ideas with different effective approaches for innovative goals. The facilitator should also provide effective complemental approaches and tools for the innovative goals. Stage4. Advanced Technology/Philosophy and Emotional thinking (ATPE). Attendants should utilize advanced technologies of IoT that were newly reported in the international conference. Attendants also can provide the ideas since many effective application systems with sensor data of mobile phones have been rapidly developed recently. A facilitator should make the attendants to find suitable advanced technology and its tools for prototyping systems. The facilitator should also introduce such advanced technologies with for example, biological disciplines, etc. when the attendants could not find such technologies. The facilitator should guide the attendants to choose the philosophy for the target persons’ satisfaction and happiness in IoT society. A person has a comfortable pace for taking an action. The facilitator should recommend attendants to design the excitement, and comfortable space, etc. Collaborators evaluate new technologies and emotional contents and interactions. Stage5. Market Mapping (MM). A variety of users could exist in IoT society and have different preferences. Major preference in the market should be mapped in a new innovative system. A facilitator should make attendants start market mapping of actual requirements in the innovative events, such as travel tours, music FES, and for example, international festival such as Thailand FES, etc. The attendants could improve their ideas and services by MM. The facilitator should also show the attendants similar innovative products and FES over multiple countries for the improvements. A facilitator should evaluate the ideas based on his/her experiences and data form the MM. Scenario based thinking (SBT). A facilitator guides the attendants to describe scenarios for high quality service and enough satisfaction. Attendants should design adaptive discourse management with photos, and effective problem solving for a simple user requirement with lots of embedded conditions. We call this “Scenario Based Thinking (SBT).” For example, in case of a trip guide, there are lots of attractions and pleasant spaces in both a famous city and a famous sightseeing spot. A good combination of sightseeing spots with fun services should be included in such scenarios. The facilitator should also show the attendants some examples of satisfaction level for such spots. Collaborators evaluate the scenarios and try to solve the embedded problems for the innovation. Stage6. Prototyping. A facilitator should make the attendant to introduce advanced technologies and utilize those tools for innovative functions and interactions. Effective prototyping of the innovative functions becomes easier by the introduction. The facilitator should guide the attendants to make pleasant scenarios and adapt for residents’ expectations with both excitement and comfortable in “emotional design” by some feedback from the sensor data in IoT society. The pilot systems are evaluated by the audiences at the project report meeting.
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4. Experiment Aim. Discovery of innovative IoT space and enhance creativity of attendants. Subjects. Two 20’s (one male person, one female person) Facilitator. One 60’s with much experiences Lesson/Time period. Twenty-five lessons from April 7th to July 14th. ATP. Biological monitor systems (deep sleep, and activity tracker), breathing coach (2breath). Disciplines. Biology, nutrition, musicology, physical training, bedding, illumination, psychology, ecology, emotional design, and analysis of BigData for feedback to high quality sleep. MM. Attendants investigated next products and markets, etc. -High quality sleep. - 2breathe (CES 2017 innovation award in the Fitness, Sports and Biotech field), - Smart bracelet, Activity tracker, VR goggles, Air-pillow -Smart trip. - RoBoHoN: “https://robotstart.info/2017/03/22/robohon-keikyu.html” - LINE Bot, Device. iPhone 5, 6, VR goggles, compact-in-flow-pillow (RayCue), Smart bracelet (LETSCOM), activity tracker (UP move), LINE-Bot (hachidori), 360°camera Software. HTML5, LINE-Bot (hachidori), PHP, Photoshop Experimented results. Attendants could discover an innovative goal: “Relaxing Life (High quality sleep + Smart trip by conversation)” that frees people from sleep dept and busy operation life in the Internet world. “Relaxing Life” was a combination of two systems that utilize a mobile phone. (1) High quality sleep assist (Q-sleep) (See Fig. 6) (2) Smart trip Bot (STB) (See Fig. 7) Near Yasouen, Nice view of Hachioji city from the Observatory
Hello Hello❕ ○○-san, Where would you go? Chose one. You can chose good spots in Mt. Takao .
Hiking OK! ○○-san, we reached at the middle area of Mt. Takao. Choose your favorite attraction. [Biwa-fall] 琵琶滝 Rokugouji (route 6). “Tengu Sinkou” religion started from Biwa-fall. You can join the training by the fall (Reservation).
Fig. 6 An image of “q-sleep”: assisting high quality sleep by Air pillow with VR goggle
[Miyama bridge] みやま橋 Yongouji (route 4). “Only one bridge in Mt. Takao. Enjoy the thrill through leaves
Fig.7 An image of interactions between a user and “Smart Trip” in “Line Bot”
The attendants could make good results for the expected results in Fig.5 with assists by the facilitator (See Fig. 8 Fig. 9 and Fig.10). Double circle shows excellent results for innovative proposals. The collaboration of attendants started universal design of q-sleep for relaxing life (mobile/ office) at first and move to HMI design of Smart Trip (See Fig. 9). In this case, the facilitator successfully found “lack of sleep” as a new social problem in IoT society in BW in step1. The facilitator could find both many disciplines of high-quality sleep that had already been proved by empirical experiments and research. The collaborators could also find some useful knowledge of high-quality sleep and could easily discuss some solutions based on biological sensor data and disciplines in Big-Data. The facilitator could compensate useful knowledge that attendants could not find. This accelerated attendants’ research in terms of creations of good behaviors and environments for high-quality of sleep. Attendants could find a common concept “Relaxing Life” for improving embedded problems of time and services in IoT society.
Author name / et Procedia Computer ScienceScience 00 (2018) Taizo Miyachi al. / Procedia Computer 126000–000 (2018) 1415–1423
Focus Stage S1 S2 Progress degree 1 2 Mental/Emotion ○○ PositionUD Display/Earphone ○VR goggle Contents ○ Discipline ○○
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S3 5
S4 S5 S6 6 7 9 ○ ○ ◎contents ◎pillow ◎ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ◎emotion ○
Fig. 8 Learning of high-quality sleep and UD in the stages
Focus Stage S1 S2 S3 S4 Progress degree 1 1 2 6 Vital
S5 S6 8 9 ◎ Bital sensoｒ Interaction ◎Line Bot ◎ Emotion/Quick ○ ○ ○ ○ Inputs/Buisiness ○ ○ ○ ○ Discipline ○ ○○ ○ ○
Fig.10 Learning of Smart Trip Bot and emotional design
Fig.9 Progress of UD and HMI for relaxing life (mobile/ office)
(1) High quality sleep and universal design A facilitator made the issue (1) from the discussion of BS since an attendant had concrete problem topic as “lack of sleep.” The facilitator could find many disciplines and solutions that had already been investigated by experts. Collaborators could find “sleep debt [10]” problem 2 month before the special report of Japanese TV NHS [11]. They could also find a goal as “high quality sleep” for the solution of sleep debt. They found more than 10 approaches for the high quality sleep. A facilitator assisted the attendants and 25 disciplines were additionally found. Attendants could deeply think about “quality of sleep” and some main functions of the ideas based on biological disciplines. An attendant could find discipline that “High quality sleep is the most important for relaxing life” and explained by 3MINAD. The attendant could also study discipline that high-quality sleep may need dark, quiet room with comfortable bed are the best environment for high quality of sleep in stage1 (s1). For example, One female attendant suffered from long distance travel between university and home. This made a good motivation for QOL. The facilitator asked attendants about the travel and her daily schedule. She reconfirmed that her sleep time was five hours. She had tried to find a good way to get high quality of sleep on a chair both in an office and in a vehicle in s2. The attendants investigated on a personal system by direct watching a smart phone in s1 and an earphone in s2. She asked the facilitator better tools. The facilitator and a collaborator found a solution “3D VR goggle” for the user to watch a night sky like planetarium without risks of diseases in s2 (see Fig. 8). The facilitator found that 3D VR goggle sometimes caused strabismus (eye disease) for children under twelve years old. Collaborators chose not 3D VR goggle but VR goggle “hacosuco.” An attendant also invented a small window type system as if in aquarium in s2 since a user needs comfortable position and free hands, and weak massage pressure from tools. They expand target fields from daily use to mobile use. Moreover, a small window system at the back of the seat was invented by an attendant in s2. They could also start the research of the Universal Design (UD) [12] for comfortable position and free hands for high-quality sleep according to the seven principles of UD in early s2. The facilitator could find compact-in-flow-pillow for easy usage in UD during “focus rotation (FR)” in s3 considering the conditions, such as comfortable position and free hands, and weak pressure from the tools, corresponding to collaborators’ requirements. Collaborators could improve the mobile system and invent compact-in-flow-pillow type of high quality of sleep assist UD system in s4 (see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). Q-sleep with compact-in-flow-pillow could satisfy with the seven principles, such as, (p1) Equitable use, (p2) Flexibility in use, (p3) Simple and intuitive, (p4) Perceptible information, (p5) Tolerance for error, (p6) Low physical effort, (p7) Size and space for approach and use. P6 and p7 were solved by the special structure of compact-in-flow-pillow.
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The collaborators found comfortable healing BGM for sleep. The facilitator could find effective BGM that brings a user into better quality of sleep within two minutes. Collaborators investigated on “emotional design [13]” of (1) with both visual information and acoustic information in S6. (2) Smart trip by conversation An attendant decided an aim “easy travel planning” in stage1. Attendants needed much research for finding key issues for easy travel planning since a trip plan needed many kinds of information, such as location of both popular spots and good restaurants, public transportation, weather in the target area, and open hours of the restaurants and events, etc. Therefore, collaboration by attendants focused on the issue including “high-quality sleep” for the research of the easy travel planning. Moreover, travel planning application software is needed easy HMI and short time operations for acquiring good plans. A facilitator showed some examples of good travel plans in famous tour spots. Collaborators talked about strange but fan areas, such as “Sanuki Udon district” as a noodle food restaurant district Fortunately, an attendant started Universal Design (UD) of easy travel planning system based on research results in the start of UD in (1). The facilitator asked attendants the maximum number of operations for easy operation of travel planner. An attendant decided that it was ten operations based on his experiences. The facilitator guided how to make easy web system in HTML and convenient designs for easy interactions with the travel planning. The attendant could create an innovated concept “Relaxing Life and Trip planner” in s1 after the discussion of quality of sleep. Collaborators built HMI in HTML5 in S1, S2 and S3. They could not find a smart and easy interaction system in terms of development of innovative interaction system, since most web systems were programmed by HTML5, CSS3, and j-Query, etc A facilitator could find new style of communication systems LINE Bot, in ATPE of s4. One attendant tested LINE Bot and could solve several problems of program coding in terms of building innovative interaction. The facilitator also introduced the attendants some emotional designs for the interaction based on the experiences of emotional design. Collaborators could create “photo palette” for quick emotional coaching in s4 (see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10). Choice from four or six candidates in a screen of a smart phone made users relaxed and enabled quick planning. The attendant could concentrate on building application programs in two weeks since one attendant could acquire advanced technology and its tool. Combination of Line, Bot, and photo palette could provide users with innovated travel planner “Smart Trip.” Smart Trip allowed users easy re-scheduling corresponding to the change of destinations and travel conditions. Collaborators also discuss differences of travel between city areas and local spots. The facilitator recommended collaborators to start the design of “Local/City model” that could guide attractive sequence of pleasant spots corresponding to transportation abilities and experiences of travels in s5. The collaboration of attendants could design Smart Trip Bot with photo palette in LINE Bot in the six principles of UD except for p7. Photo palette could enable users to intuitive choice from emotional designed several photos during the interactions between users and travel concierge. The collaborators could also design the quick and flexible adaption for sudden problems, such as delay of train, and some sickness detected by biological sensors, with photo palettes of local/city model in innovated Line Bot. “Relaxing Life” system with High quality sleep assist (Q-sleep) and Smart trip Bot (STB) could be highly evaluated at the evaluation meeting. We found that timely assists in each stage of collaborative active learning by facilitators was very important. The assists were needed for creating innovative services and interactions in emotional design. The creativities of attendants were dramatically enhanced by the collaborations. 5. Conclusion We analysed the important roles of a facilitator to strengthen the effectiveness of collaborative active learning method based on feedback-oriented design (CALFOD) for creating innovative systems. We could clarify facilitator’s basic roll activities, such as timely introduction of related disciplines, advanced technologies, new HMI, and the tools, for accelerating creation of innovative systems in an experiment of relaxing life system. An effective way of managing the priority of multiple issues to be solved could be clarified in each stage. We expect to certify effective assists of facilitator for innovative system in future.
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Procedia Computer Science 126 (2018) 1415–1423
22nd International Conference on Knowledge-Based and Intelligent Information & 22nd International ConferenceEngineering on Knowledge-Based Systems and Intelligent Information & Engineering Systems
Rolls of facilitator in collaborative active learning for relaxing life Rolls of facilitator in collaborative active learning for relaxing life Taizo Miyachiaa, Saiko Igabb, Takashi Furuhatacc * Taizo Miyachi , Saiko Iga , Takashi Furuhata * { a School of Engineering, Tokai University, [email protected] }
ICT Center, Tokai a School ofb Engineering, TokaiUniversity, University,Japan, {[email protected] } c University Utah, USAJapan, b ICT Center, TokaiofUniversity, c University of Utah, USA 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
Abstract Abstract AI could replace many of our human jobs as threatening in the future. However, AI is not good at creativity side to design something new which nothuman exist before. weinfocus the human creativity Collaborative AI could replace manydoes of our jobs asTherefore, threatening the future. However, AI isand notinvented good at the creativity side to Active design something new which does notOriented exist before. weisfocus the human creativity and invented Active Learning method in Feedback DesignTherefore, (CALFOD) as useful in terms of enhancing creativitythe of Collaborative learners for building Learning methoddesign in Feedback Orientedsystems. Design (CALFOD) is as useful in can terms enhancing creativity learners for building the new product and innovative Many innovative systems beof created utilizing sensorof data in multiple fields, suchnew as “Health by and Apple Watch,”systems. and “Automatic driving bysystems Google” IoT society. We analyze roles of a facilitator the product care design innovative Many innovative caninbe created utilizing sensorthe data in multiple fields, such as “Health care by Apple Watch,” and “Automatic by discuss Google”experimental in IoT society. We and analyze the important roles of a assists facilitator of CALFOD to strengthen the effectiveness of CALFOD.driving We also results clarify for of CALFOD to strengthen the effectiveness CALFOD. Weadvanced also discuss experimental results and clarify important assists for learners’ collaboration to create relaxing life of system utilizing technologies/philosophy improvement by easy HMI, and emotional design. to create relaxing life system utilizing advanced technologies/philosophy and improvement by easy HMI, learners’ collaboration and emotional design. © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. © 2018 The Authors. by Ltd. This is an open accessPublished article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) This is an and openpeer-review access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection under responsibility of KES International. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. Keywords: rolls of facilitator, collaborative active learning; enhancing creativity; feedback oriented design; advanced technology / philosophy; relaxing life; Keywords: rolls of facilitator, collaborative active learning; enhancing creativity; feedback oriented design; advanced technology / philosophy; relaxing life;
1. Introduction 1. Introduction “IoT (Internet of Things)” connects everything with sensors through the Internet and expands services over “IoTfields, (Internet everything withand sensors through the Internet and expands services multiple suchofasThings)” “Health connects care by Apple Watch,” “Automatic driving by Google,” based on sensor over data multiple fields, such as “Health care by Apple Watch,” and “Automatic driving by Google,” based on sensor data
* Taizo Miyachi. Tel.: +81-90-9843-8305; fax: +81-466-50-2412. E-mail * Taizoaddress: [email protected] Tel.: +81-90-9843-8305; fax: +81-466-50-2412. E-mail address: [email protected] 1877-0509 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) 1877-0509 © 2018 Thearticle Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection under responsibility of KES International. This is an and openpeer-review access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. 1877-0509 © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) Selection and peer-review under responsibility of KES International. 10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.113
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through Big-Data. New IT Services that can cover multiple fields could create innovative values although they might potentially have cross disciplinary problems [1]. In near future, since AI does a part of human work instead, most people might be needed to work for new kinds of jobs. For example, Insurance company has already introduced AI based automated effective data input and output report system. AI is very good at analysis and decision-making part of human work however, AI is not good at creativity part such as making new idea and design something not existed before. Therefore, in the future, People might be needed to become more creative to adapt for such new types of future jobs. This time, we focus the sample system that could relate to effective evaluation feedback, such as, reducing stress, from sensor data over multiple fields utilizing innovative AI systems (See Fig. 1). IoT might have some potential to be able to connect a variety of pleasant human activities, for example, information related to festivals, and events, etc. in a local city. “Digital transformation (DX) [2]” is also changing the ways of lives of people more convenient. Examples of DX are “amazon’s Treasure Truck,” and “Music and food FES (Festival),” etc. We proposed “Collaborative Active Learning method in Feedback Oriented Design (CALFOD)” [3] for enhancing the learners’ creativity for such innovative services. For example, this time, students of CALFOD could design “Resly Trip” with a VR display in an air pillow for relaxing casual travels [4] by CALFOD. We analyze especially important roles of the facilitators in creative works and discuss timely assists for enhancing the attendants’ creativity and designing the new product and innovative systems in each stage Fig. 1 An image of feedback from sensor of CALFOD. data and BigData, etc. 2. Innovative creation and ability of a facilitator Characteristics of CALFOD are mainly five aspects. (c1) Attendants find and define aim and goals. (c2) many kinds of sensors and Big-Data are utilized for effective feedback. (c3) many new sensors and effective application programs of a mobile terminal, such as biological sensors in a bracelet and a shirt, have rapidly been increasing recently. (c4) Assist of a person to design services for trip preferences, such as, a fun event and a beautiful lake with comfortable wind, from a user, biological sensors for body of the user, and user’s tools, such as an analyser of sleep depth. (c5) Big-Data over multiple fields are analysed by both AI and experts and utilized for feedbacks to healthy activities and QOL (Quality of Life) in an IoT society at this time. A facilitator should keep mainly five abilities in terms of expanding creativity of collaborative attendants corresponding to rapid progress of sensors, application programs, and disciplines in science in IoT society for this collaborative learning . (p1) support discovering many kinds of aims and goals that are required from users of CALFOD, (p2) support utilization of many kinds of sensors and sensor data in Big-Data, (p3) find and understand many new sensors and application programs in a mobile terminal. (p4) understand life-style, characteristics, and 24 hours problems in QOL that both new generation “digital native” and ordinary people have. (p5) find and understand both disciplines and tools for health and QOL based on Big-Data over multiple fields. 3. Creation type and assists by a facilitator 3.1. Creation type and learners Innovative creation values by digital natives can be classified into two psychological human types. (T1) Expanding type based on excitement, experiences, and a variety of sensor data, (T2) Scientific rationality type based on scientific disciplines for health and QOL (See Fig. 2). A facilitator of active learning method CALFOD needs to promote innovative creation by considering nature of these types. The facilitator should consider a chain of expansion of creation over multiple fields and create many kinds of excitement and satisfaction by advanced technologies, etc. in T1.
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Learner.
(active learning)
(I)Healthy learner (II)Cautious learner
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Developing solution thinking: A big excitement / many people Reasonable solution thinking: Stress free life / satisfaction
Fig. 2 An example of relationship between learners and thinking Healthy learners tend to expect T1 at first. Cautious learners tend to find values in T2. On the other hands, the facilitator also needs to consider easy creation adapting for a person with some disabilities, difference of human ability, and healthy life-style by biological sensors, etc. in T2. A facilitator needs to guide and support the learner in each stage so that the result of the creative activity becomes better and more innovative according to the learner's situation and the creation value of the goal. A facilitator needs to prepare many kinds of information and knowledge over multiple fields, such as high quality of sleep, half day open hours of udon noodle restaurants, three different culture areas, many kinds of cooking of udon noodle, many kinds of toppings, pleasant tour spots, and inconvenient transportation service, etc. Effective preparations for the assist are mainly five. (a1) Collecting News of effective advanced technologies and knowledge of disciplines in each field (a2) The most important rule and priority when multiple knowledge straddles in multiple fields. (a3) What is selected at the target place and culture (a4) Basic rules for providing information and tools that respects the creativity of attendants (a5) Scheduling and adaption in the suitable speed with collaborators in attendants’ creative activities 3.2. Collaborative active learning in CALFOD and a facilitator CALFOD is basically a combination of W-shaped [5] hypothesis method and design thinking and consists of six stages (See Fig. 3). Many technical terms of components in different stages were explained in detail when to talk about in each stage. Stage 1 provides attendants with Brain Writing method (BW) [6]. Brain Storming method (BS) [7 and 8], Brain Writing with hypothesis method (BW-hf), Advertisement in 3 min. (3MINAD). Stage2 provides attendants with Speed Storming method (SS) and Image Sketch (IS) [9]. Stage3 provides Focus rotation (FR) and product design (PD). Stage4 provides Advanced Technology/Philosophy and emotional design [14] (ATPE) and Functional Design (FD). Stage5 provides Market Mapping (MM) and Scenario Based Thinking (SBT). Stage6 is prototyping stage. A facilitator should assist creative activities of learners in each stage. The facilitator also should activate creative actions and accelerate learners when learners find aims with some motivations. We believe that learners could find either some excitements or motivations at first (See Fig. 4).
Fig. 3 An image of spiral of “Collaborative Active Learning method for enhancing creativity for FOD issues (CALFOD)”
Fig. 4 Targets of creative activities for an innovative system
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Fig. 5 Expected learner’s results in related stages.
The learners also could find aims, disciplines, theories, functions, contents, tools, excitement and design effective functions, contents, tools, effective offer, excitements, HMI (Human Machine Interface), scenarios, and conversation mostly by themselves. They could also choose programming languages and make effective programs for innovative systems through the activity. The learners should make excellent results in effective activities in each stage (See Fig. 5). The facilitator’s assist could be highly evaluated if the learners would produce innovative results corresponding to the activities Stage1 Brain Writing (BW). Attendants could notice their motivations and create basic ideas. A facilitator shows attendants examples of the proposal and some news of innovative changes in IoT society in terms of discovering some initial ideas for an innovative aim. Attendants independently describes both many ideas and some future dreams in BW sheets and share expectations for the current society. A facilitator should guide attendants to consider many different aspects of users’ needs from their motivations and create pleasant spaces with innovated functions based on Big-Data of a variety of sensor data. They could also expand their ideas from different views of other collaborators while exchanging BW sheets with collaborators. The attendants evaluate the ideas each other. The facilitator observes new ideas and sometimes praises excellent ideas and good situations. Brain Storming (BS): Attendants exchange their ideas and motivations and create new ideas. A facilitator should make them to expand their ideas to some innovative systems by effective combination of their ideas and new advanced technologies. A facilitator should emphasize with strong points of their ideas and show related disciplines, basic theories, and some examples of innovative utilizations, etc. This makes attendants start creation of innovative ideas and could sometimes create even more innovative ideas by BS after BW. An attendant proposes his/her best idea and discuss strong points of it. He/she evaluates BS and chooses his/her favourite ideas after BS. The facilitator also praises the strong points and a good combination of ideas. Brain Writing with hypothesis (BW-hf). Attendants should create a good a hypothesis to expand their ideas more innovative ideas based on the discussion results in BS. A facilitator should praise with the hypothesis and provide some similar products, services, and hypothesis from different point views. A facilitator should make the attendants investigate on key issues for innovative systems, such as basic disciplines., theories, and tools that have newly appeared in IoT society. An attendant evaluates the best idea with effective hypothesis. The facilitator should evaluate expanded ideas and provide some popular technologies and theories. 3MINAD (3 min. advertisement). 3 min. is equivalent to the time for six long TVCM or 12 short TVCM. Attendants could focus strong points of their ideas and make pleasant stories of utilizing them in 3 min. TV advertisement. A facilitator should make collaborators give the presenter two comments for the improvement of functions. A facilitator should admire the strong points and show related disciplines and similar tools in order to accelerate creative activities. Collaborators usually find their aims and share common concept in S1. The audiences mutually evaluate the 3MINAD.
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Stage2. Speed Storming (SS). Attendants could quickly acquire a variety of advices from many people with 3MINAD in SS. A facilitator should make an audience of SS answer two improvements for each presentation. New ideas allow the attendant(s) to expand the strong points of ideas either in the real world or multiple fields. The audiences quickly evaluate and create additional ideas. Image Sketch (IS). A facilitator should make attendants to describe typical images of ideas with three strong points. The attendant could recognize both the strong points and new functions to be added. The facilitator should make the attendants describe a sequence of services and interactions between user and the systems. They could find important scenes and create innovative utilizations of new ideas. IS enable the attendants to easily show their ideas and improve them in a sketch. An audience evaluates IS and expand ideas in the IS. He/she sometimes acquires strong impressions from the sketch and expanded ideas. The attendant can additionally describe new ideas in the IS sheet. Stage3. Focus Rotation (FR). A facilitator should change the points of attendants’ focus and allows the attendant to show the other collaborators an original counter design. The attendant could not only provide some advices but also provide the whole solution from more different point of views. Attendants could evaluate different proposals and reconsider their own ideas when they could compare original ideas with different effective approaches for innovative goals. The facilitator should also provide effective complemental approaches and tools for the innovative goals. Stage4. Advanced Technology/Philosophy and Emotional thinking (ATPE). Attendants should utilize advanced technologies of IoT that were newly reported in the international conference. Attendants also can provide the ideas since many effective application systems with sensor data of mobile phones have been rapidly developed recently. A facilitator should make the attendants to find suitable advanced technology and its tools for prototyping systems. The facilitator should also introduce such advanced technologies with for example, biological disciplines, etc. when the attendants could not find such technologies. The facilitator should guide the attendants to choose the philosophy for the target persons’ satisfaction and happiness in IoT society. A person has a comfortable pace for taking an action. The facilitator should recommend attendants to design the excitement, and comfortable space, etc. Collaborators evaluate new technologies and emotional contents and interactions. Stage5. Market Mapping (MM). A variety of users could exist in IoT society and have different preferences. Major preference in the market should be mapped in a new innovative system. A facilitator should make attendants start market mapping of actual requirements in the innovative events, such as travel tours, music FES, and for example, international festival such as Thailand FES, etc. The attendants could improve their ideas and services by MM. The facilitator should also show the attendants similar innovative products and FES over multiple countries for the improvements. A facilitator should evaluate the ideas based on his/her experiences and data form the MM. Scenario based thinking (SBT). A facilitator guides the attendants to describe scenarios for high quality service and enough satisfaction. Attendants should design adaptive discourse management with photos, and effective problem solving for a simple user requirement with lots of embedded conditions. We call this “Scenario Based Thinking (SBT).” For example, in case of a trip guide, there are lots of attractions and pleasant spaces in both a famous city and a famous sightseeing spot. A good combination of sightseeing spots with fun services should be included in such scenarios. The facilitator should also show the attendants some examples of satisfaction level for such spots. Collaborators evaluate the scenarios and try to solve the embedded problems for the innovation. Stage6. Prototyping. A facilitator should make the attendant to introduce advanced technologies and utilize those tools for innovative functions and interactions. Effective prototyping of the innovative functions becomes easier by the introduction. The facilitator should guide the attendants to make pleasant scenarios and adapt for residents’ expectations with both excitement and comfortable in “emotional design” by some feedback from the sensor data in IoT society. The pilot systems are evaluated by the audiences at the project report meeting.
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4. Experiment Aim. Discovery of innovative IoT space and enhance creativity of attendants. Subjects. Two 20’s (one male person, one female person) Facilitator. One 60’s with much experiences Lesson/Time period. Twenty-five lessons from April 7th to July 14th. ATP. Biological monitor systems (deep sleep, and activity tracker), breathing coach (2breath). Disciplines. Biology, nutrition, musicology, physical training, bedding, illumination, psychology, ecology, emotional design, and analysis of BigData for feedback to high quality sleep. MM. Attendants investigated next products and markets, etc. -High quality sleep. - 2breathe (CES 2017 innovation award in the Fitness, Sports and Biotech field), - Smart bracelet, Activity tracker, VR goggles, Air-pillow -Smart trip. - RoBoHoN: “https://robotstart.info/2017/03/22/robohon-keikyu.html” - LINE Bot, Device. iPhone 5, 6, VR goggles, compact-in-flow-pillow (RayCue), Smart bracelet (LETSCOM), activity tracker (UP move), LINE-Bot (hachidori), 360°camera Software. HTML5, LINE-Bot (hachidori), PHP, Photoshop Experimented results. Attendants could discover an innovative goal: “Relaxing Life (High quality sleep + Smart trip by conversation)” that frees people from sleep dept and busy operation life in the Internet world. “Relaxing Life” was a combination of two systems that utilize a mobile phone. (1) High quality sleep assist (Q-sleep) (See Fig. 6) (2) Smart trip Bot (STB) (See Fig. 7) Near Yasouen, Nice view of Hachioji city from the Observatory
Hello Hello❕ ○○-san, Where would you go? Chose one. You can chose good spots in Mt. Takao .
Hiking OK! ○○-san, we reached at the middle area of Mt. Takao. Choose your favorite attraction. [Biwa-fall] 琵琶滝 Rokugouji (route 6). “Tengu Sinkou” religion started from Biwa-fall. You can join the training by the fall (Reservation).
Fig. 6 An image of “q-sleep”: assisting high quality sleep by Air pillow with VR goggle
[Miyama bridge] みやま橋 Yongouji (route 4). “Only one bridge in Mt. Takao. Enjoy the thrill through leaves
Fig.7 An image of interactions between a user and “Smart Trip” in “Line Bot”
The attendants could make good results for the expected results in Fig.5 with assists by the facilitator (See Fig. 8 Fig. 9 and Fig.10). Double circle shows excellent results for innovative proposals. The collaboration of attendants started universal design of q-sleep for relaxing life (mobile/ office) at first and move to HMI design of Smart Trip (See Fig. 9). In this case, the facilitator successfully found “lack of sleep” as a new social problem in IoT society in BW in step1. The facilitator could find both many disciplines of high-quality sleep that had already been proved by empirical experiments and research. The collaborators could also find some useful knowledge of high-quality sleep and could easily discuss some solutions based on biological sensor data and disciplines in Big-Data. The facilitator could compensate useful knowledge that attendants could not find. This accelerated attendants’ research in terms of creations of good behaviors and environments for high-quality of sleep. Attendants could find a common concept “Relaxing Life” for improving embedded problems of time and services in IoT society.
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Focus Stage S1 S2 Progress degree 1 2 Mental/Emotion ○○ PositionUD Display/Earphone ○VR goggle Contents ○ Discipline ○○
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S4 S5 S6 6 7 9 ○ ○ ◎contents ◎pillow ◎ ○ ○ ○ ○
○ ○ ◎emotion ○
Fig. 8 Learning of high-quality sleep and UD in the stages
Focus Stage S1 S2 S3 S4 Progress degree 1 1 2 6 Vital
S5 S6 8 9 ◎ Bital sensoｒ Interaction ◎Line Bot ◎ Emotion/Quick ○ ○ ○ ○ Inputs/Buisiness ○ ○ ○ ○ Discipline ○ ○○ ○ ○
Fig.10 Learning of Smart Trip Bot and emotional design
Fig.9 Progress of UD and HMI for relaxing life (mobile/ office)
(1) High quality sleep and universal design A facilitator made the issue (1) from the discussion of BS since an attendant had concrete problem topic as “lack of sleep.” The facilitator could find many disciplines and solutions that had already been investigated by experts. Collaborators could find “sleep debt [10]” problem 2 month before the special report of Japanese TV NHS [11]. They could also find a goal as “high quality sleep” for the solution of sleep debt. They found more than 10 approaches for the high quality sleep. A facilitator assisted the attendants and 25 disciplines were additionally found. Attendants could deeply think about “quality of sleep” and some main functions of the ideas based on biological disciplines. An attendant could find discipline that “High quality sleep is the most important for relaxing life” and explained by 3MINAD. The attendant could also study discipline that high-quality sleep may need dark, quiet room with comfortable bed are the best environment for high quality of sleep in stage1 (s1). For example, One female attendant suffered from long distance travel between university and home. This made a good motivation for QOL. The facilitator asked attendants about the travel and her daily schedule. She reconfirmed that her sleep time was five hours. She had tried to find a good way to get high quality of sleep on a chair both in an office and in a vehicle in s2. The attendants investigated on a personal system by direct watching a smart phone in s1 and an earphone in s2. She asked the facilitator better tools. The facilitator and a collaborator found a solution “3D VR goggle” for the user to watch a night sky like planetarium without risks of diseases in s2 (see Fig. 8). The facilitator found that 3D VR goggle sometimes caused strabismus (eye disease) for children under twelve years old. Collaborators chose not 3D VR goggle but VR goggle “hacosuco.” An attendant also invented a small window type system as if in aquarium in s2 since a user needs comfortable position and free hands, and weak massage pressure from tools. They expand target fields from daily use to mobile use. Moreover, a small window system at the back of the seat was invented by an attendant in s2. They could also start the research of the Universal Design (UD) [12] for comfortable position and free hands for high-quality sleep according to the seven principles of UD in early s2. The facilitator could find compact-in-flow-pillow for easy usage in UD during “focus rotation (FR)” in s3 considering the conditions, such as comfortable position and free hands, and weak pressure from the tools, corresponding to collaborators’ requirements. Collaborators could improve the mobile system and invent compact-in-flow-pillow type of high quality of sleep assist UD system in s4 (see Fig. 8 and Fig. 9). Q-sleep with compact-in-flow-pillow could satisfy with the seven principles, such as, (p1) Equitable use, (p2) Flexibility in use, (p3) Simple and intuitive, (p4) Perceptible information, (p5) Tolerance for error, (p6) Low physical effort, (p7) Size and space for approach and use. P6 and p7 were solved by the special structure of compact-in-flow-pillow.
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The collaborators found comfortable healing BGM for sleep. The facilitator could find effective BGM that brings a user into better quality of sleep within two minutes. Collaborators investigated on “emotional design [13]” of (1) with both visual information and acoustic information in S6. (2) Smart trip by conversation An attendant decided an aim “easy travel planning” in stage1. Attendants needed much research for finding key issues for easy travel planning since a trip plan needed many kinds of information, such as location of both popular spots and good restaurants, public transportation, weather in the target area, and open hours of the restaurants and events, etc. Therefore, collaboration by attendants focused on the issue including “high-quality sleep” for the research of the easy travel planning. Moreover, travel planning application software is needed easy HMI and short time operations for acquiring good plans. A facilitator showed some examples of good travel plans in famous tour spots. Collaborators talked about strange but fan areas, such as “Sanuki Udon district” as a noodle food restaurant district Fortunately, an attendant started Universal Design (UD) of easy travel planning system based on research results in the start of UD in (1). The facilitator asked attendants the maximum number of operations for easy operation of travel planner. An attendant decided that it was ten operations based on his experiences. The facilitator guided how to make easy web system in HTML and convenient designs for easy interactions with the travel planning. The attendant could create an innovated concept “Relaxing Life and Trip planner” in s1 after the discussion of quality of sleep. Collaborators built HMI in HTML5 in S1, S2 and S3. They could not find a smart and easy interaction system in terms of development of innovative interaction system, since most web systems were programmed by HTML5, CSS3, and j-Query, etc A facilitator could find new style of communication systems LINE Bot, in ATPE of s4. One attendant tested LINE Bot and could solve several problems of program coding in terms of building innovative interaction. The facilitator also introduced the attendants some emotional designs for the interaction based on the experiences of emotional design. Collaborators could create “photo palette” for quick emotional coaching in s4 (see Fig. 9 and Fig. 10). Choice from four or six candidates in a screen of a smart phone made users relaxed and enabled quick planning. The attendant could concentrate on building application programs in two weeks since one attendant could acquire advanced technology and its tool. Combination of Line, Bot, and photo palette could provide users with innovated travel planner “Smart Trip.” Smart Trip allowed users easy re-scheduling corresponding to the change of destinations and travel conditions. Collaborators also discuss differences of travel between city areas and local spots. The facilitator recommended collaborators to start the design of “Local/City model” that could guide attractive sequence of pleasant spots corresponding to transportation abilities and experiences of travels in s5. The collaboration of attendants could design Smart Trip Bot with photo palette in LINE Bot in the six principles of UD except for p7. Photo palette could enable users to intuitive choice from emotional designed several photos during the interactions between users and travel concierge. The collaborators could also design the quick and flexible adaption for sudden problems, such as delay of train, and some sickness detected by biological sensors, with photo palettes of local/city model in innovated Line Bot. “Relaxing Life” system with High quality sleep assist (Q-sleep) and Smart trip Bot (STB) could be highly evaluated at the evaluation meeting. We found that timely assists in each stage of collaborative active learning by facilitators was very important. The assists were needed for creating innovative services and interactions in emotional design. The creativities of attendants were dramatically enhanced by the collaborations. 5. Conclusion We analysed the important roles of a facilitator to strengthen the effectiveness of collaborative active learning method based on feedback-oriented design (CALFOD) for creating innovative systems. We could clarify facilitator’s basic roll activities, such as timely introduction of related disciplines, advanced technologies, new HMI, and the tools, for accelerating creation of innovative systems in an experiment of relaxing life system. An effective way of managing the priority of multiple issues to be solved could be clarified in each stage. We expect to certify effective assists of facilitator for innovative system in future.
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