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Rubber paving
II8
CURRENT TOPICS.
IJ. F. I.
For drilling operations, ships were moored by means of six anchors for each ship varying in size from 5oo0 to ~3,5oo lb. Ingenious methods were used for supporting the drillin~ spud so as to make il possible to compensate for changes in the elevation of the barge due to tide or for lateral m o v e m e n t due to wind or waves. Holes were drilled on three range lines, one along the center of each damsite and one 50o feet each side of the dam. T h e holes were staggered at 500 ft. intervals. Efforts were made to lay out the work so that it progressed from shallow to deep water with steadily increasing lengths of spuds. Samples were taken which according to specifications were not less than 47/s in. in diameter. G r e a t stress was laid upon getting the samples to the soil l a b o r a t o r y in an undisturbed condition. Despite adverse weather conditions the work was carried on successfully with no loss of men or equipment and no serious accidents. R. H. O.
Columbium-Bearing Steel Has Many Favorable Properties.-W. D. ~VILKINSON,JR., states in the Oil and Gas Journal, Vol. 36, No. 22, t h a t the petroleum industry uses large quantities of wrought 4 to 6 per cent. chromium steels because they surpass ordinary steels in creep strength and in resistance to oxidation and corrosion. Shortly after their introduction the creep strengths were increased b y alloying the steels with m o l y b d e n u m or tungsten. H o w e v e r for complete satisfaction, i m p r o v e m e n t s were still necessary. T h e addition of columbium to the 4 to 6 per cent. chromium steels, especially .those containing tungsten or m o l y b d e n u m has been effective. C o l u m b i u m eliminates or reduces air-hardening, and thereby facilitates fabrication. Of special interest is the improvem e n t in fabrication by welding. It promotes stability of toughness without loss of creep strength after all heat treatments. Finally it increases the resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. R. H. O.
Rubber P a v i n g . - - T h e U. S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce reports t h a t in Moscow, Russia, there was a test made on a p a v e m e n t of black and brown rubber. After nine months of severe traffic conditions, including trucks, wagons, and tractors the experiment was declared successful. A d v a n t a g e s claimed are noiselessness, neither snow or ice remains on it, and it is easy to wash. Negotiations are under w a y b y the Moscow City Council for the laying of rubber p a v e m e n t s in one of the large sections of the city. R. H. ().
CURRENT TOPICS.
IJ. F. I.
For drilling operations, ships were moored by means of six anchors for each ship varying in size from 5oo0 to ~3,5oo lb. Ingenious methods were used for supporting the drillin~ spud so as to make il possible to compensate for changes in the elevation of the barge due to tide or for lateral m o v e m e n t due to wind or waves. Holes were drilled on three range lines, one along the center of each damsite and one 50o feet each side of the dam. T h e holes were staggered at 500 ft. intervals. Efforts were made to lay out the work so that it progressed from shallow to deep water with steadily increasing lengths of spuds. Samples were taken which according to specifications were not less than 47/s in. in diameter. G r e a t stress was laid upon getting the samples to the soil l a b o r a t o r y in an undisturbed condition. Despite adverse weather conditions the work was carried on successfully with no loss of men or equipment and no serious accidents. R. H. O.
Columbium-Bearing Steel Has Many Favorable Properties.-W. D. ~VILKINSON,JR., states in the Oil and Gas Journal, Vol. 36, No. 22, t h a t the petroleum industry uses large quantities of wrought 4 to 6 per cent. chromium steels because they surpass ordinary steels in creep strength and in resistance to oxidation and corrosion. Shortly after their introduction the creep strengths were increased b y alloying the steels with m o l y b d e n u m or tungsten. H o w e v e r for complete satisfaction, i m p r o v e m e n t s were still necessary. T h e addition of columbium to the 4 to 6 per cent. chromium steels, especially .those containing tungsten or m o l y b d e n u m has been effective. C o l u m b i u m eliminates or reduces air-hardening, and thereby facilitates fabrication. Of special interest is the improvem e n t in fabrication by welding. It promotes stability of toughness without loss of creep strength after all heat treatments. Finally it increases the resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. R. H. O.
Rubber P a v i n g . - - T h e U. S. Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce reports t h a t in Moscow, Russia, there was a test made on a p a v e m e n t of black and brown rubber. After nine months of severe traffic conditions, including trucks, wagons, and tractors the experiment was declared successful. A d v a n t a g e s claimed are noiselessness, neither snow or ice remains on it, and it is easy to wash. Negotiations are under w a y b y the Moscow City Council for the laying of rubber p a v e m e n t s in one of the large sections of the city. R. H. ().