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Scoville's the art of compounding. 8th ed. By Glenn L. Jenkins, Don E. Francke. Edward A. Brecht, and Glen J. Sperandio. The Blakiston Company, Philadelphia, 1951. vii + 515 pp. Illustrated. 18.5 × 26 cm. Price $7.50
362
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN
PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
The Metabolic Action of Streptomycin. By W. W. Umbreit The Effect of Penicillin upon Protein Synthesis by Bacteria. By Rollin D. Hotchkiss The Colloidal Nature of Antibiotics. By Ernst A. Hauser New Antibiotics: Factors Influencing Their Antimicrobial Activity. By Gladys L. Hobby, Tulita F. Lenert, and Nancy Dougherty The Effect of Surface-Active Agents on Antibiotics: An Informal Report. By Eleanor A. Bliss and Patricia T. Warth Studies on the Synergism Between Bacitracin and Penicillin: Correlation of In Vivo and In Vdro Results. By Balbina A. Johnson and Frank L. Meleney An Approach to Correlation between In Vivo and In Vitro Activities of Antitubercular Compounds. By Richard Donovick, Geoffrey Rake, and E. 0. Titus Evaluation of the Paper Disc Assay Procedure and Its Correlation with Phenol Coefficients. By Robert K. Hoffman and Charles R. Phillips Mechanism of Action and Neutralizing Agents for Surface-Active Materials upon Microorganisms. By C. A. Lawrence The Meaning of Bacteriostasis, Bactericidal Effect, and Rate of Disinfection. By Philip B. Price The Interaction of Surface-Active Agents and Proteins. By Harold N. Glassman Conductometric Studies of Bactericidal Mechanisms. By D. N. Eggenberger, L. A. Harriman, M. J. McClory, D. Noel, and H. J. Harwood A New and Direct Approach t o the Evaluation of the Germidical Efficiency of Semisolid Pharmaceuticals. By Milton J. Foter and Lester L. Nisonger The Role of Antagonisms in the Evaluation of Antiseptics. By Emil G. Klarmann Antiseptics under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. By Glenn G. Slocum Present Trends in Methods of Testing Antiseptics. By G. F. Reddish Halogens and Their Mode of Action. By Henry C . Marks and Frede B. Strandskov Iodine as a n Antiseptic. By Louis Gershenfeld and Bernard W i t h Bacterial Resistance. By Orville Wyss The Relationship of Concentration and Germicidal Efficiency of Ethyl Alcohol. By Harry E. Morton Evaluation of Mercurial Compounds as Antiseptics. By Frank B. Engley, Jr. Assay of Antiseptics a t Different Times after Application to Human Skin. By H. M. Powell and C. G. Culbertson Mercurials as Antiseptics. By John H. Brewer Dr. Herbert L. Davis, of Ethicon Suture Laboratories, New Brunswick, N. J., deserves praise for having instigated the program leading t o the Conference. He and the New York Academy of Sciences have performed a useful service of general interest t o bacteriologists, but of especial interest t o bacteriologists involved in the testing of antiseptics in pharmaceutical manufacturing laboratories and in those of law enforcement agencies.
Vol. XL,No. 7
Textbook of Organic Chemistry. 3rd ed. By E. WERTHEIM. The Blakiston Company. Phila-
+
delphia, 1951. xii 958 pp. Illustrated. 16 x 23.5 cm. Price $5. This book is a comprehensive and interesting presentation of the subject of organic chemistry for the college student. Under proper guidance and limitation, it can serve as a text for pharmacy students and for chemistry-major students. The clarity of presentation, combined with a fine index, makes it especially useful as a refresher reference. The questions and bibliography a t the end of each chapter add t o the value of the text. The style, arrangement, format, and type of the book are excellent. The theoretical concepts of organic chemistry and the factual material are developed and presented clearly and concisely, and in a manner designed to attract the attention of the student and stimulate his interest in further reading on the subject in the many excellent references cited a t the end of the chapter. The author has drawn freely from tabulated data to illustrate the text. Pictures of outstanding chemists, with a brief sketch of the men and their important contributions, are included. An appendix includes a glossary of well-chosen terms, a chronological table of the developments in organic chemistry, a table of organic radicals, a table of physical data of many important organic chemicals, and other information. The thoroughness of the book is indicated right a t the beginning by quotations pertaining to science, truth, and knowledge, not by one or two, but by eleven eminent authorities. The usefulness and acceptance of the author’s work is indicated by this third edition, which includes references up t o January 1. 1951.
Scoville’s The Art of Compounding. 8th ed. By EDWARD GLENNL. JENKINS, DON E. FRANCKE. The BlakisA. BRECHT, and GLENJ. SPERANDIO. 515 ton Company, Philadelphia, 1951. vii pp. Illustrated. 18.5 x 26 cm. Price $7.50. This is a fine book for the student and the practitioner of pharmacy. The authors have performed their work of revision in the splendid m a n r a that has marked the work of the earlier revisers, of this” perennial leader in the field of pharmaceutical education. The pharmacist who is called upon to perform some compounding task after a lapse of many years will find a brief refresher course presented here as concisely as possible. The teacher of pharmacy will find this book especially useful because of its selections of prescriptions illustrating the different types of preparations and the many prescriptions for criticism and practice. The book has so many good points that its few limitations cannot detract from its value. The increasing awareness of the need t o stress precision in the compounding of prescriptions is shared by the authors, but they have apparently sacrificed stronger appeals to the student, perhaps to keep the book from becoming any heavier. Only a torsion-type balance is illustrated, and no stress is placed upon the importance of testing the prescription balance periodically. Among the prescription bottles illustrated is a graduated prescrip-
+
July, 1951
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
363
the name is applied in a spec& sense to the mcso-, or iso-, form. It is this form that has been known for more than 100 years. which is widely distributed in nature, and which may find use as a drug for the treatment of certain pathological conditions such as chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in man. The appearance of this booklet is timely because it presents a readily available comprehensive review of all the literature relating to inositol. The author has summarized existing information in an interesting style designed to serve as a basis for a critical evaluation of the relationships of inositol to other recognized factors in nutrition and biology. The scope can be visualized best by noting the titles of the chapters which are as follows: I. Definition, Structure, Isomers and Derivatives of Inositol 11. Biochemical and Chemical Synthesis Inositol Annotated Bibliography of Vitamin E. 1940-1950. 111. Methods of Determining Inositol Compiled by PHILIP L. HARRIS and WILMA IV. The Occurrence of Inositol KUJAWSKI. The National Vitamin Foundation, v. Inositol as a Microbiological Growth FacInc., 150 Broadway, New Pork, 1950. 184 pp. tor 21.3 x 27.3 cm. Price $3. VI. Inositol as a Factor in Animal and Human Nutrition The need for this Annotated Bibliography of VII. The Lipotropic Action of Inositol Vitamin E is appreciated when it is recalled that VIII. Relationshipsbetween Inositol and Cholesduring the ten-year period between 1940 and 1950, terol more than 1,500 scientific papers relating to vitaIX. Other Physiological Effects of Inositol min E were-published. In order to aid physicians, X. Inhibitory Analogs of Inositol biologlsts, chemists, and pharmacists in keeping XI. Literature Cited abreast of new developments in vitamin E research, t h i s annotated bibliography has been prepared. In the final chapter, 324 literature references are The brief abstracts accompanying most of the cited. The author and his sponsors have made references emphasize the physiological more than available information that should prove of especial the chemical or medical aspects. The principal value to research specialists and others interested in results recorded are summarized in a factual manner, existing knowledge concerning inositol. and no attempt has been made to evaluate or criticize the work recorded. Only references to Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. I. C . M. SUTER, Ediscientific literature appearing between 1940 and tor-in-Chief. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New 1950 have been included. A bibliography of literaYork, 1951. vii 473 pp. 15.5 x 23.5 cm. Price ture relating to vitamin E published prior to 1940 $12. has been made available in a publication similar to This book provides comprehensive and systematic the current one which was prepared several years ago by Merck & Co., Inc. The authors of the most summariesof available data on the biological properrecent Annotated Biblibgraphy of Vitamin E are ties of substances in the fields that have been studied. Philip L. Harris, Head of the Biochemical Research Each chapter includes references to the compounds Departme&, and Wilma Kujawski, Librarian, of that have been tested for a particular type of phartlr Distilk tion Products Industries, of Rochester, macological activity. The data are presented largely in tabular form, according to chemical groups or ew Kork. The book is highly recommended to anyone inter- series. Discussions of the relationships between esbed in obtaining information relating to vitamin chemical structure and pharmacological activity are included, wherever possible, in the concise reviews E. presented a t the beginning of each division of the material. It appears that where less definite data WEID- are available, the review and discussion tend to Thc Biochemistry of Inositol. By E D WR. ~ LEIN, Jr. Bibliographic Series Bulletin No. 6. lengthen. Under “Antibiotics from Plants,” 50 Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1951. v 53 pages of interesting material fortified with 277 referpp. 15.5 x 23 cm. Price: free. ences are followed by 8 pages of tabulated results of During recent years inositol has been classified by screening data on plants showing antibacterial propsome authorities as a vitamin belonging in the B erties. Under “Antithyroid Compounds,” 33 pages complex group although no human requirement for are devoted to review and discussion, followed by it has yet been established. A lipotropic action in tabulated data occupying 117 pages. Each chapter humans under certain conditions has been observed. of this volume contains brief discussions of methods This and other evidence resulting from animal of synthesis and pharmacologicaltest procedures. The great value of this volume to those who are studies accumulated mainly during the past ten years indicates that inositol may possess important engaged in or who will enter upon investigative nutritional and biological activities. Although the studies of synthetic medicinal chemistry rests mainly term “inositol” is used in a generic sense to include upon the many hours of searching, correlating, and the nine different isomers of hexahydrocyclohexane, tabulating that can be saved. This work has been
tion bottle. Even the manufacturers of prescription bottles state that these graduations are not reliable, especially those indicating smaller volumes. Some states have passed laws banning the use of graduated prescription bottles. The format and type are excellent for easy reading. But it would be di5icult to follow the advice given for shaving theobroma oil by holding the oil “in a piece of powdered paper to prevent excessive melting. . ” The chapters on incompatibilities are exceptionally well presented. The nomenclature and vocabulary review, the discussions of isotonic and buffered solutions, the new material on solutions for special purposes and allergenic solutions, and the list of frequently prescribed proprietary and trade name medicinals are effective aids for the practicing pharmacist.
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+
-
+
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN
PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOCIATION
The Metabolic Action of Streptomycin. By W. W. Umbreit The Effect of Penicillin upon Protein Synthesis by Bacteria. By Rollin D. Hotchkiss The Colloidal Nature of Antibiotics. By Ernst A. Hauser New Antibiotics: Factors Influencing Their Antimicrobial Activity. By Gladys L. Hobby, Tulita F. Lenert, and Nancy Dougherty The Effect of Surface-Active Agents on Antibiotics: An Informal Report. By Eleanor A. Bliss and Patricia T. Warth Studies on the Synergism Between Bacitracin and Penicillin: Correlation of In Vivo and In Vdro Results. By Balbina A. Johnson and Frank L. Meleney An Approach to Correlation between In Vivo and In Vitro Activities of Antitubercular Compounds. By Richard Donovick, Geoffrey Rake, and E. 0. Titus Evaluation of the Paper Disc Assay Procedure and Its Correlation with Phenol Coefficients. By Robert K. Hoffman and Charles R. Phillips Mechanism of Action and Neutralizing Agents for Surface-Active Materials upon Microorganisms. By C. A. Lawrence The Meaning of Bacteriostasis, Bactericidal Effect, and Rate of Disinfection. By Philip B. Price The Interaction of Surface-Active Agents and Proteins. By Harold N. Glassman Conductometric Studies of Bactericidal Mechanisms. By D. N. Eggenberger, L. A. Harriman, M. J. McClory, D. Noel, and H. J. Harwood A New and Direct Approach t o the Evaluation of the Germidical Efficiency of Semisolid Pharmaceuticals. By Milton J. Foter and Lester L. Nisonger The Role of Antagonisms in the Evaluation of Antiseptics. By Emil G. Klarmann Antiseptics under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. By Glenn G. Slocum Present Trends in Methods of Testing Antiseptics. By G. F. Reddish Halogens and Their Mode of Action. By Henry C . Marks and Frede B. Strandskov Iodine as a n Antiseptic. By Louis Gershenfeld and Bernard W i t h Bacterial Resistance. By Orville Wyss The Relationship of Concentration and Germicidal Efficiency of Ethyl Alcohol. By Harry E. Morton Evaluation of Mercurial Compounds as Antiseptics. By Frank B. Engley, Jr. Assay of Antiseptics a t Different Times after Application to Human Skin. By H. M. Powell and C. G. Culbertson Mercurials as Antiseptics. By John H. Brewer Dr. Herbert L. Davis, of Ethicon Suture Laboratories, New Brunswick, N. J., deserves praise for having instigated the program leading t o the Conference. He and the New York Academy of Sciences have performed a useful service of general interest t o bacteriologists, but of especial interest t o bacteriologists involved in the testing of antiseptics in pharmaceutical manufacturing laboratories and in those of law enforcement agencies.
Vol. XL,No. 7
Textbook of Organic Chemistry. 3rd ed. By E. WERTHEIM. The Blakiston Company. Phila-
+
delphia, 1951. xii 958 pp. Illustrated. 16 x 23.5 cm. Price $5. This book is a comprehensive and interesting presentation of the subject of organic chemistry for the college student. Under proper guidance and limitation, it can serve as a text for pharmacy students and for chemistry-major students. The clarity of presentation, combined with a fine index, makes it especially useful as a refresher reference. The questions and bibliography a t the end of each chapter add t o the value of the text. The style, arrangement, format, and type of the book are excellent. The theoretical concepts of organic chemistry and the factual material are developed and presented clearly and concisely, and in a manner designed to attract the attention of the student and stimulate his interest in further reading on the subject in the many excellent references cited a t the end of the chapter. The author has drawn freely from tabulated data to illustrate the text. Pictures of outstanding chemists, with a brief sketch of the men and their important contributions, are included. An appendix includes a glossary of well-chosen terms, a chronological table of the developments in organic chemistry, a table of organic radicals, a table of physical data of many important organic chemicals, and other information. The thoroughness of the book is indicated right a t the beginning by quotations pertaining to science, truth, and knowledge, not by one or two, but by eleven eminent authorities. The usefulness and acceptance of the author’s work is indicated by this third edition, which includes references up t o January 1. 1951.
Scoville’s The Art of Compounding. 8th ed. By EDWARD GLENNL. JENKINS, DON E. FRANCKE. The BlakisA. BRECHT, and GLENJ. SPERANDIO. 515 ton Company, Philadelphia, 1951. vii pp. Illustrated. 18.5 x 26 cm. Price $7.50. This is a fine book for the student and the practitioner of pharmacy. The authors have performed their work of revision in the splendid m a n r a that has marked the work of the earlier revisers, of this” perennial leader in the field of pharmaceutical education. The pharmacist who is called upon to perform some compounding task after a lapse of many years will find a brief refresher course presented here as concisely as possible. The teacher of pharmacy will find this book especially useful because of its selections of prescriptions illustrating the different types of preparations and the many prescriptions for criticism and practice. The book has so many good points that its few limitations cannot detract from its value. The increasing awareness of the need t o stress precision in the compounding of prescriptions is shared by the authors, but they have apparently sacrificed stronger appeals to the student, perhaps to keep the book from becoming any heavier. Only a torsion-type balance is illustrated, and no stress is placed upon the importance of testing the prescription balance periodically. Among the prescription bottles illustrated is a graduated prescrip-
+
July, 1951
SCIENTIFIC EDITION
363
the name is applied in a spec& sense to the mcso-, or iso-, form. It is this form that has been known for more than 100 years. which is widely distributed in nature, and which may find use as a drug for the treatment of certain pathological conditions such as chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis in man. The appearance of this booklet is timely because it presents a readily available comprehensive review of all the literature relating to inositol. The author has summarized existing information in an interesting style designed to serve as a basis for a critical evaluation of the relationships of inositol to other recognized factors in nutrition and biology. The scope can be visualized best by noting the titles of the chapters which are as follows: I. Definition, Structure, Isomers and Derivatives of Inositol 11. Biochemical and Chemical Synthesis Inositol Annotated Bibliography of Vitamin E. 1940-1950. 111. Methods of Determining Inositol Compiled by PHILIP L. HARRIS and WILMA IV. The Occurrence of Inositol KUJAWSKI. The National Vitamin Foundation, v. Inositol as a Microbiological Growth FacInc., 150 Broadway, New Pork, 1950. 184 pp. tor 21.3 x 27.3 cm. Price $3. VI. Inositol as a Factor in Animal and Human Nutrition The need for this Annotated Bibliography of VII. The Lipotropic Action of Inositol Vitamin E is appreciated when it is recalled that VIII. Relationshipsbetween Inositol and Cholesduring the ten-year period between 1940 and 1950, terol more than 1,500 scientific papers relating to vitaIX. Other Physiological Effects of Inositol min E were-published. In order to aid physicians, X. Inhibitory Analogs of Inositol biologlsts, chemists, and pharmacists in keeping XI. Literature Cited abreast of new developments in vitamin E research, t h i s annotated bibliography has been prepared. In the final chapter, 324 literature references are The brief abstracts accompanying most of the cited. The author and his sponsors have made references emphasize the physiological more than available information that should prove of especial the chemical or medical aspects. The principal value to research specialists and others interested in results recorded are summarized in a factual manner, existing knowledge concerning inositol. and no attempt has been made to evaluate or criticize the work recorded. Only references to Medicinal Chemistry. Vol. I. C . M. SUTER, Ediscientific literature appearing between 1940 and tor-in-Chief. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New 1950 have been included. A bibliography of literaYork, 1951. vii 473 pp. 15.5 x 23.5 cm. Price ture relating to vitamin E published prior to 1940 $12. has been made available in a publication similar to This book provides comprehensive and systematic the current one which was prepared several years ago by Merck & Co., Inc. The authors of the most summariesof available data on the biological properrecent Annotated Biblibgraphy of Vitamin E are ties of substances in the fields that have been studied. Philip L. Harris, Head of the Biochemical Research Each chapter includes references to the compounds Departme&, and Wilma Kujawski, Librarian, of that have been tested for a particular type of phartlr Distilk tion Products Industries, of Rochester, macological activity. The data are presented largely in tabular form, according to chemical groups or ew Kork. The book is highly recommended to anyone inter- series. Discussions of the relationships between esbed in obtaining information relating to vitamin chemical structure and pharmacological activity are included, wherever possible, in the concise reviews E. presented a t the beginning of each division of the material. It appears that where less definite data WEID- are available, the review and discussion tend to Thc Biochemistry of Inositol. By E D WR. ~ LEIN, Jr. Bibliographic Series Bulletin No. 6. lengthen. Under “Antibiotics from Plants,” 50 Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh, Pa., 1951. v 53 pages of interesting material fortified with 277 referpp. 15.5 x 23 cm. Price: free. ences are followed by 8 pages of tabulated results of During recent years inositol has been classified by screening data on plants showing antibacterial propsome authorities as a vitamin belonging in the B erties. Under “Antithyroid Compounds,” 33 pages complex group although no human requirement for are devoted to review and discussion, followed by it has yet been established. A lipotropic action in tabulated data occupying 117 pages. Each chapter humans under certain conditions has been observed. of this volume contains brief discussions of methods This and other evidence resulting from animal of synthesis and pharmacologicaltest procedures. The great value of this volume to those who are studies accumulated mainly during the past ten years indicates that inositol may possess important engaged in or who will enter upon investigative nutritional and biological activities. Although the studies of synthetic medicinal chemistry rests mainly term “inositol” is used in a generic sense to include upon the many hours of searching, correlating, and the nine different isomers of hexahydrocyclohexane, tabulating that can be saved. This work has been
tion bottle. Even the manufacturers of prescription bottles state that these graduations are not reliable, especially those indicating smaller volumes. Some states have passed laws banning the use of graduated prescription bottles. The format and type are excellent for easy reading. But it would be di5icult to follow the advice given for shaving theobroma oil by holding the oil “in a piece of powdered paper to prevent excessive melting. . ” The chapters on incompatibilities are exceptionally well presented. The nomenclature and vocabulary review, the discussions of isotonic and buffered solutions, the new material on solutions for special purposes and allergenic solutions, and the list of frequently prescribed proprietary and trade name medicinals are effective aids for the practicing pharmacist.
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