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Seismic stability procedures for solid-waste landfills
408A
SURFACE STRUCTURES:DYNAMIC LOADS
dam. First, a brief description of the general procedure is given, followed by the detailed formulation of the force method for simulation of crack closure. Also presented are the results obtained for a model of the Koyna clam tests on a shaking table. Finally, the cracking process of the Koyna dam prototype subjected to the 1967 earthquake is evaluated numerically by employing the aforementioned techniques. (from Authors) 958378 Reaction of the dams behind the Toktogul and Kurpsa hydroelectric power plants to repeated earthquakes A. N. Marchuk, K. B. Umralin, Zh. I. Moldebekov, E. K. Aleksandrovskaya, V. K. Shaikhutdinova & M. L. Kamchibekova, Hydrotechnical Construction, 28(5), 1994, pp 266272; translated from: Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, (5), 1994, pp 26-30. This article reports dam response to repeated seismic loadings which is measured using embedded monitoring apparatus and other dam measurement means. Large concrete dams have successfully withstood a destructive earthquake. The investigations have demonstrated the feasibility of predicting earthquakes using dam measurement systems. Seepage flows, piezometer readings, and tock strain gauges on the rockconcrete contact surface are promising precursors. (J.M.McLaughlin) 958379 Seismic interaction at separation joints of an instrumented concrete bridge P. K. Malhotra, M. J. Huang & A. F. Shakal, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 24(8), 1995, pp 10551067. A multi-span, curved, concrete box-girder bridge has been extensively instrumented by the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program. In June 1992, the bridge was shaken by the magnitude 7.5 Landers and magnitude 6.6 Big Bear earthquakes. A striking aspect of the response is the presence of intermittent sharp spikes in nearly all of the acceleration records from sensors at the deck of the bridge. With the aid of visual examination and simple analysis it is deduced that: 1) the spikes were caused by forces generated at separation joints by impacts and stretching of the cable restrainers between adjacent bridge segments; 2) the forces of impacts and cable stretching are directly proportional to the size of the spikes and can be estimated by the use of a simple formula; and 3) the spikes travelled from their source to other locations on the bridge with the velocity of a compression wave propagating through concrete. (from Authors)
958380 A regulatory perspective on appropriate seismic loading stress criteria for advanced light water reactor piping systems D. Terao, Transactions - ASME: Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 117(2), 1995, pp 177-181. In the last few years, there have been several initiatives both in the industry and the NRC that directly impact the current regulations as they pertain to the seismic design of piping systems and the appropriate stress limits to be used. The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (1989) has approved piping stress criteria that reduced conservatism from the design practices used in the past. In addition, several new analysis methods and higher stress limits are being proposed by the industry based, in part, on results of recent dynamic testing. The purpose of this paper is to provide a regulatory perspective on the evolving situation of nuclear piping seismic design and to address the need for developing seismic loading stress criteria that would ensure the safety of future advanced light water reactor piping systems. (from Author)
958381 Wave motion turbulence control in floating production systems M. E. Clark, Offshore, 55(6), 1995, pp 52-56. This article describes in detail the wave-induced motion of floating production systems and the effects this has on process equipment and its operation. The six degrees of motion (yaw, sway, heave, pitch, surge and roll) and their relative effects are detailed. Within the process equipment there are 5 general motion effects: spirit level, resonant waves, primary turbulence, secondary turbulence, and process control problems. Their effects on oil treaters, water treaters, gas scrubbers, gas treatment trayed towers, gas treatment packed towers, and surge tanks are outlined. Design considerations to minimise motion induced turbulence are disenssed. Natco's computer controlled wave motion simulator and its use for studying motion compensation designs for processing equipment is described. (J.M.McLaughlin)
958382 Quantitative assessment of landslide risk in design practice A. M. Romanov & V. E. Darevskii, Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering, 31(5), 1995, pp 166-170; translated from: Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, 5, 1994, pp 10-13. Developments of the State Institute for River Transport Protection, which are directed toward practical implementation of an engineering method recommended by regulatory documents for calculation of landslide phenomena, are cited; the potential of operating computer software is demonstrated. Results of calculations are compared with test data, and also with problems solved in the new developments. (Journal
summary) 958383 Seismic stability procedures for solid-waste inndfdis J. D. Bray, A. J. Augello, G. A. Leonards, P. C. Repetto & R. J. Byrne, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - ASCE, 121(2), 1995, pp 139-151. US federal regulations require that municipal solid-waste landf'dls located in seismic impact zones be designed to resist earthquake hazards. In this paper, the application of pseudostatic stability and seismically induced deformation analyses to waste fills is assessed. The results of onedimensional wave propogation analyses indicate that the seismic stability of waste fills depends primarily on the dynamic properties and height of the waste fill, and the characteristics of the design bedrock motions. For many cases in which the waste filrs fundamental period is at least two times higher than the design bedrock motions's predominant period, the maximum horizontal equivalent acceleration will be less than about half of the bedrock maximum horizontal acceleration. (from Authors)
958384 Design shake-up D. Fleming, New CivilEngineer (NCE), 114, 1995, pp 16-18. This article features the recent earthquake and its aftermath in Kobe, Japan. The responsibilities and duties of structural engineers in designing and building earthquake resistant buildings is discussed. The need for government support is stressed. The Japanese earthquake prediction programme and its effectiveness is discussed and the characteristics of title particular earthquake are outlined. Two structures designed by the British company Ove Arup survived the earthquake. The design of these buildings and their performance is outlined. (J.M.McLaughlin)
SURFACE STRUCTURES:DYNAMIC LOADS
dam. First, a brief description of the general procedure is given, followed by the detailed formulation of the force method for simulation of crack closure. Also presented are the results obtained for a model of the Koyna clam tests on a shaking table. Finally, the cracking process of the Koyna dam prototype subjected to the 1967 earthquake is evaluated numerically by employing the aforementioned techniques. (from Authors) 958378 Reaction of the dams behind the Toktogul and Kurpsa hydroelectric power plants to repeated earthquakes A. N. Marchuk, K. B. Umralin, Zh. I. Moldebekov, E. K. Aleksandrovskaya, V. K. Shaikhutdinova & M. L. Kamchibekova, Hydrotechnical Construction, 28(5), 1994, pp 266272; translated from: Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, (5), 1994, pp 26-30. This article reports dam response to repeated seismic loadings which is measured using embedded monitoring apparatus and other dam measurement means. Large concrete dams have successfully withstood a destructive earthquake. The investigations have demonstrated the feasibility of predicting earthquakes using dam measurement systems. Seepage flows, piezometer readings, and tock strain gauges on the rockconcrete contact surface are promising precursors. (J.M.McLaughlin) 958379 Seismic interaction at separation joints of an instrumented concrete bridge P. K. Malhotra, M. J. Huang & A. F. Shakal, Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, 24(8), 1995, pp 10551067. A multi-span, curved, concrete box-girder bridge has been extensively instrumented by the California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program. In June 1992, the bridge was shaken by the magnitude 7.5 Landers and magnitude 6.6 Big Bear earthquakes. A striking aspect of the response is the presence of intermittent sharp spikes in nearly all of the acceleration records from sensors at the deck of the bridge. With the aid of visual examination and simple analysis it is deduced that: 1) the spikes were caused by forces generated at separation joints by impacts and stretching of the cable restrainers between adjacent bridge segments; 2) the forces of impacts and cable stretching are directly proportional to the size of the spikes and can be estimated by the use of a simple formula; and 3) the spikes travelled from their source to other locations on the bridge with the velocity of a compression wave propagating through concrete. (from Authors)
958380 A regulatory perspective on appropriate seismic loading stress criteria for advanced light water reactor piping systems D. Terao, Transactions - ASME: Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology, 117(2), 1995, pp 177-181. In the last few years, there have been several initiatives both in the industry and the NRC that directly impact the current regulations as they pertain to the seismic design of piping systems and the appropriate stress limits to be used. The ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (1989) has approved piping stress criteria that reduced conservatism from the design practices used in the past. In addition, several new analysis methods and higher stress limits are being proposed by the industry based, in part, on results of recent dynamic testing. The purpose of this paper is to provide a regulatory perspective on the evolving situation of nuclear piping seismic design and to address the need for developing seismic loading stress criteria that would ensure the safety of future advanced light water reactor piping systems. (from Author)
958381 Wave motion turbulence control in floating production systems M. E. Clark, Offshore, 55(6), 1995, pp 52-56. This article describes in detail the wave-induced motion of floating production systems and the effects this has on process equipment and its operation. The six degrees of motion (yaw, sway, heave, pitch, surge and roll) and their relative effects are detailed. Within the process equipment there are 5 general motion effects: spirit level, resonant waves, primary turbulence, secondary turbulence, and process control problems. Their effects on oil treaters, water treaters, gas scrubbers, gas treatment trayed towers, gas treatment packed towers, and surge tanks are outlined. Design considerations to minimise motion induced turbulence are disenssed. Natco's computer controlled wave motion simulator and its use for studying motion compensation designs for processing equipment is described. (J.M.McLaughlin)
958382 Quantitative assessment of landslide risk in design practice A. M. Romanov & V. E. Darevskii, Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engineering, 31(5), 1995, pp 166-170; translated from: Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, 5, 1994, pp 10-13. Developments of the State Institute for River Transport Protection, which are directed toward practical implementation of an engineering method recommended by regulatory documents for calculation of landslide phenomena, are cited; the potential of operating computer software is demonstrated. Results of calculations are compared with test data, and also with problems solved in the new developments. (Journal
summary) 958383 Seismic stability procedures for solid-waste inndfdis J. D. Bray, A. J. Augello, G. A. Leonards, P. C. Repetto & R. J. Byrne, Journal of Geotechnical Engineering - ASCE, 121(2), 1995, pp 139-151. US federal regulations require that municipal solid-waste landf'dls located in seismic impact zones be designed to resist earthquake hazards. In this paper, the application of pseudostatic stability and seismically induced deformation analyses to waste fills is assessed. The results of onedimensional wave propogation analyses indicate that the seismic stability of waste fills depends primarily on the dynamic properties and height of the waste fill, and the characteristics of the design bedrock motions. For many cases in which the waste filrs fundamental period is at least two times higher than the design bedrock motions's predominant period, the maximum horizontal equivalent acceleration will be less than about half of the bedrock maximum horizontal acceleration. (from Authors)
958384 Design shake-up D. Fleming, New CivilEngineer (NCE), 114, 1995, pp 16-18. This article features the recent earthquake and its aftermath in Kobe, Japan. The responsibilities and duties of structural engineers in designing and building earthquake resistant buildings is discussed. The need for government support is stressed. The Japanese earthquake prediction programme and its effectiveness is discussed and the characteristics of title particular earthquake are outlined. Two structures designed by the British company Ove Arup survived the earthquake. The design of these buildings and their performance is outlined. (J.M.McLaughlin)