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Seismic tomography in boreholes
171A
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation
845072 Synthesis of complete SH seismograms
845067 On the consolidation of thick layers. Technical note
Ingate, S F; Bock, G; Kind, R Geophys J R Astr Soc V75, N1, Oct 1983, P261-274
Lehner, F K Geotechaique V34, N2, June 1984, P259-262
A method for calculating theoretical SH-waves in a laterally homogeneous layered medium is presented. The SH displacements are calculated for two point sources, a single horizontal force and a shear dislocation of arbitrary orientation, both buried in the layered half-space. 28 refs.
It is commonly believed that Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation equation requires modification when the self-weight of the consolidating layer is no longer negligible. This note shows that the equation can be salvaged in its original form for layers of arbitrary thickness, under certain conditions of material homogeneity.
845068 Ring swell test for measuring swelling and shrinkage characteristics of rock Franklin, J A lnt J Rock Mech Min Sci V21, N3, June 1984, Pl13-121 The 'ring swell test' described in this paper was developed in an attempt to provide realistic data for the analysis of rock squeeze pressures on tunnel linings and on the retaining walls of open cut excavations. It allows one to measure the three dimensional swelling and stress-relief strains and pressures that are developed by a cylindrical rock specimen under conditions of variable axi-symmetric radial confinement and axial surcharge. The test specimen can be subjected to controlled drying and wetting to investigate shrinkage and swelling as well as creep. A simple sulphur encapsulation technique allows one to measure dimensional changes from soon after recovery of rock core from the ground, and avoids deterioration of fragile samples. Auth.
845069 Swelling rocks and the stability of tunnels Tan Tjong Kie Proc 5th Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics, Melbourne, 10-15 April 1983 V2, PD261-D266. Publ Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983 The mechanism of swelling rocks is described by: (1) physicochemical effects and (2) rheological effects - creep, elastic recovery and dilatancy. Some rheological testing methods are suggested and an analysis is given of the routine swelling test. Constitutive equations for dilatancy behaviour in two dimensions and a calculation of the dilatant zone around a tunnel are described.
D y n a m i c properties See also: 845345
845070 Seismic tomography in boreholes McMechan, G A Geopbys J R Astr Soc V74, N2, Aug 1983, P601-612
845071 P-SV interaction in layered media. Research note Young, R M Geophys J R Astr Soc V74, N2, Aug 1983, P613-620 A wave vector used to study the interaction between P and S wave types is transformed to a new wave vector which emphasizes the high-frequency decoupling. The new wave vector is constructed from the displacements and their derivatives such that the resulting matrix system is decoupled to a greater extent. Examples are given of exact solutions which are decoupled in terms of the new wave vector.
R.M.M.S. 21/~-F
845073 Formula for the apparent attenuation of acoustic waves in randomly layered media. Research note Menke, W Geophys J R Astr Soc V75, N2, Nov 1983, P541-544
845074 Some properties of elastodynamic eigensolutions in stratified media. Research note Garmany, J Geophys J R Astr Soe V75, N2, Nov 1983, P565-569 Some symmetries of the coefficient matrix in the differential system for the displacement-stress vector in stratified media are used to obtain simple relations between the elements of an associated eigenvector matrix and the elements of the inverse of this matrix.
845075 Q and the rise and fall of a seismic pulse. Research note Stewart, R C Geophys J R Astr Soc V76, N3, March 1984, P793-805 The use of rise times to estimate the attenuation of seismic body waves is examined numerically and the method is extended to include the fall time of a pulse. Application to teleseismic body waves from earthquakes and an underground nuclear explosion indicates that transmission paths exist over which the attenuation is much lower than often assumed in seismogram modelling.
845076 Seismic velocity anisotropy in rock masses (In French) Fabre, D; Gamond, J F; Giraud, A; Thouvenot, F Int Assoc Engng Geol Bull N26-27, Dec 1982-June 1983, P235-241 (Paper to the International Symposium on Soil and Rock Investigations by In Situ Testing, Paris, 18-20 May 1983) Seismic velocity anisotropy is measured on three sites and discussed with emphasis on the influence of anisotropy on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of dam foundations. The seismic velocity anisotropy is closely related to the rock fabric, the structure and the present geomechanical background, that is, the stress field.
845077 Elastic anisotropy in marine sedimentary rocks Bachman, R T J Geophys Res V88, NB1, 10 Jan 1983, P539-545 Four of the five elastic stiffnesses of marine calcareous rocks can be measured and the fifth estimated by equating the Gassmann and Hashin-Shtrikman estimates of the bulk moduli of chalk and limestone and then solving for the unknown constant. The effect of elastic anisotropy on seismic reflection determinations of vertical P wave velocity using these estimates is shown to be small (plus or minus 6%). 46 refs.
Compressibility, swelling and consolidation
845072 Synthesis of complete SH seismograms
845067 On the consolidation of thick layers. Technical note
Ingate, S F; Bock, G; Kind, R Geophys J R Astr Soc V75, N1, Oct 1983, P261-274
Lehner, F K Geotechaique V34, N2, June 1984, P259-262
A method for calculating theoretical SH-waves in a laterally homogeneous layered medium is presented. The SH displacements are calculated for two point sources, a single horizontal force and a shear dislocation of arbitrary orientation, both buried in the layered half-space. 28 refs.
It is commonly believed that Terzaghi's one-dimensional consolidation equation requires modification when the self-weight of the consolidating layer is no longer negligible. This note shows that the equation can be salvaged in its original form for layers of arbitrary thickness, under certain conditions of material homogeneity.
845068 Ring swell test for measuring swelling and shrinkage characteristics of rock Franklin, J A lnt J Rock Mech Min Sci V21, N3, June 1984, Pl13-121 The 'ring swell test' described in this paper was developed in an attempt to provide realistic data for the analysis of rock squeeze pressures on tunnel linings and on the retaining walls of open cut excavations. It allows one to measure the three dimensional swelling and stress-relief strains and pressures that are developed by a cylindrical rock specimen under conditions of variable axi-symmetric radial confinement and axial surcharge. The test specimen can be subjected to controlled drying and wetting to investigate shrinkage and swelling as well as creep. A simple sulphur encapsulation technique allows one to measure dimensional changes from soon after recovery of rock core from the ground, and avoids deterioration of fragile samples. Auth.
845069 Swelling rocks and the stability of tunnels Tan Tjong Kie Proc 5th Congress of the International Society for Rock Mechanics, Melbourne, 10-15 April 1983 V2, PD261-D266. Publ Rotterdam: A. A. Balkema, 1983 The mechanism of swelling rocks is described by: (1) physicochemical effects and (2) rheological effects - creep, elastic recovery and dilatancy. Some rheological testing methods are suggested and an analysis is given of the routine swelling test. Constitutive equations for dilatancy behaviour in two dimensions and a calculation of the dilatant zone around a tunnel are described.
D y n a m i c properties See also: 845345
845070 Seismic tomography in boreholes McMechan, G A Geopbys J R Astr Soc V74, N2, Aug 1983, P601-612
845071 P-SV interaction in layered media. Research note Young, R M Geophys J R Astr Soc V74, N2, Aug 1983, P613-620 A wave vector used to study the interaction between P and S wave types is transformed to a new wave vector which emphasizes the high-frequency decoupling. The new wave vector is constructed from the displacements and their derivatives such that the resulting matrix system is decoupled to a greater extent. Examples are given of exact solutions which are decoupled in terms of the new wave vector.
R.M.M.S. 21/~-F
845073 Formula for the apparent attenuation of acoustic waves in randomly layered media. Research note Menke, W Geophys J R Astr Soc V75, N2, Nov 1983, P541-544
845074 Some properties of elastodynamic eigensolutions in stratified media. Research note Garmany, J Geophys J R Astr Soe V75, N2, Nov 1983, P565-569 Some symmetries of the coefficient matrix in the differential system for the displacement-stress vector in stratified media are used to obtain simple relations between the elements of an associated eigenvector matrix and the elements of the inverse of this matrix.
845075 Q and the rise and fall of a seismic pulse. Research note Stewart, R C Geophys J R Astr Soc V76, N3, March 1984, P793-805 The use of rise times to estimate the attenuation of seismic body waves is examined numerically and the method is extended to include the fall time of a pulse. Application to teleseismic body waves from earthquakes and an underground nuclear explosion indicates that transmission paths exist over which the attenuation is much lower than often assumed in seismogram modelling.
845076 Seismic velocity anisotropy in rock masses (In French) Fabre, D; Gamond, J F; Giraud, A; Thouvenot, F Int Assoc Engng Geol Bull N26-27, Dec 1982-June 1983, P235-241 (Paper to the International Symposium on Soil and Rock Investigations by In Situ Testing, Paris, 18-20 May 1983) Seismic velocity anisotropy is measured on three sites and discussed with emphasis on the influence of anisotropy on the mechanical and hydraulic properties of dam foundations. The seismic velocity anisotropy is closely related to the rock fabric, the structure and the present geomechanical background, that is, the stress field.
845077 Elastic anisotropy in marine sedimentary rocks Bachman, R T J Geophys Res V88, NB1, 10 Jan 1983, P539-545 Four of the five elastic stiffnesses of marine calcareous rocks can be measured and the fifth estimated by equating the Gassmann and Hashin-Shtrikman estimates of the bulk moduli of chalk and limestone and then solving for the unknown constant. The effect of elastic anisotropy on seismic reflection determinations of vertical P wave velocity using these estimates is shown to be small (plus or minus 6%). 46 refs.