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Sensor for measuring the concentration of a gaseous component in a fluid by absorption
New Patents the thermometer housing, selectively exposing the pyroelectric sensor to infrared radiation substantially solely from the object to be measured to generate a first electrical signal related to the absolute temperature of the object to be measured, sensing the ambient temperature of the pyroelectric sensor and generating a second electrical signal proportional thereto, and electrically processing the first and second electrical signals to calculate the temperature of the object to be measured.
4799243 DIRECTIONAL PEOPLE COUNTING ARRANGEMENT
V
A waste heat recovery boiler comprising heat exchange rate switching means for controlling the rate of heat exchange between an exhaust gas and feedwater in a heat exchanger by changing the state of the feedwater in accordance with the concentration of sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, thereby maintaining the temperature at which low temperature corrosion due to the exhaust gas is prevented in a downstream portion of the heat exchanger in the direction in which the exhaust gas flows. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve the maximum efficiency of heat recovery since the phenomenon of steaming in the heat exchanger is eliminated irrespective of whether the kind of exhaust gas is a dirty gas or a clean gas.
Bruce E Zepke assigned to Otis Elevator Company An arrangement for detecting the passage of living beings through a surveillance region into and out of a controlled-access space includes at least one pyroelectric detector device that includes two detector elements which have active areas that are directly exposed to thermal radiation from the surveillance region and convert the thermal radiation energy received thereby into electrical signals with opposite polaritites. The detector elements are situated in succession in the direction of passage into the controlledaccess space. The surveillance region is optically subdivided into two surveillance zones arranged in succession as considered in the passage direction, for instance by a mask that masks an intervening zone situated between the surveillance zones to prevent thermal radiation from the intervening zone from reaching either one of the detector elements. Thus, the thermal radiation energy from a living being passing through the surveillance region reaches initially only one and subsequently only the other of the detector elements when such living being is entering, and initially only the other and subsequently only the one detector element when such living being is leaving, the controlled-access space. The opposite polarity electrical signals are then evaluated on the basis of their then existing lead/lag relationship.
4799461 WASTE HEAT RECOVERY BOILER Toshinori Shigenaka, Iwao Kusaka, Kure, Japan assigned to Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha
4800886 SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE CONCENTRATION OF A GASEOUS COMPONENT IN A FLUID BY ABSORPTION James R Nestor assigned to C R Bard Inc Apparatus and methods are provided for determining the concentration of a gaseous component in a fluid. A solid body of a natural or synthetic high polymer, which is permeable to the gaseous component, is exposed to the fluid, the polymer is exposed to infrared radiation, and the infrared absorption by the gas in the polymer is measured. In the preferred embodiment, a sensor is provided for making in vivo measurements of the concentration of CO2 in the blood. The sensor includes an optical fiber which is nonpermeable to CO2 and substantially transparent at the CO2 absorption wavelength range, and a solid body of polymeric material at the distal end of the fiber which is substantially transparent to the absorption wavelength range and permeable to CO2. An incident infrared signal is transmitted down the fiber, passes through the body, is reflected off the distal end of the body, and the intensity of the return signal is measured by a detector. The return signal is diminished in proportion to the concentration of the CO2 in the polymeric body. The sensor is disposed within a catheter and is positionable within the narrow blood vessels of the body for continuous real time monitoring of the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood.
4799243 DIRECTIONAL PEOPLE COUNTING ARRANGEMENT
V
A waste heat recovery boiler comprising heat exchange rate switching means for controlling the rate of heat exchange between an exhaust gas and feedwater in a heat exchanger by changing the state of the feedwater in accordance with the concentration of sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, thereby maintaining the temperature at which low temperature corrosion due to the exhaust gas is prevented in a downstream portion of the heat exchanger in the direction in which the exhaust gas flows. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve the maximum efficiency of heat recovery since the phenomenon of steaming in the heat exchanger is eliminated irrespective of whether the kind of exhaust gas is a dirty gas or a clean gas.
Bruce E Zepke assigned to Otis Elevator Company An arrangement for detecting the passage of living beings through a surveillance region into and out of a controlled-access space includes at least one pyroelectric detector device that includes two detector elements which have active areas that are directly exposed to thermal radiation from the surveillance region and convert the thermal radiation energy received thereby into electrical signals with opposite polaritites. The detector elements are situated in succession in the direction of passage into the controlledaccess space. The surveillance region is optically subdivided into two surveillance zones arranged in succession as considered in the passage direction, for instance by a mask that masks an intervening zone situated between the surveillance zones to prevent thermal radiation from the intervening zone from reaching either one of the detector elements. Thus, the thermal radiation energy from a living being passing through the surveillance region reaches initially only one and subsequently only the other of the detector elements when such living being is entering, and initially only the other and subsequently only the one detector element when such living being is leaving, the controlled-access space. The opposite polarity electrical signals are then evaluated on the basis of their then existing lead/lag relationship.
4799461 WASTE HEAT RECOVERY BOILER Toshinori Shigenaka, Iwao Kusaka, Kure, Japan assigned to Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha
4800886 SENSOR FOR MEASURING THE CONCENTRATION OF A GASEOUS COMPONENT IN A FLUID BY ABSORPTION James R Nestor assigned to C R Bard Inc Apparatus and methods are provided for determining the concentration of a gaseous component in a fluid. A solid body of a natural or synthetic high polymer, which is permeable to the gaseous component, is exposed to the fluid, the polymer is exposed to infrared radiation, and the infrared absorption by the gas in the polymer is measured. In the preferred embodiment, a sensor is provided for making in vivo measurements of the concentration of CO2 in the blood. The sensor includes an optical fiber which is nonpermeable to CO2 and substantially transparent at the CO2 absorption wavelength range, and a solid body of polymeric material at the distal end of the fiber which is substantially transparent to the absorption wavelength range and permeable to CO2. An incident infrared signal is transmitted down the fiber, passes through the body, is reflected off the distal end of the body, and the intensity of the return signal is measured by a detector. The return signal is diminished in proportion to the concentration of the CO2 in the polymeric body. The sensor is disposed within a catheter and is positionable within the narrow blood vessels of the body for continuous real time monitoring of the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood.