- Email: [email protected]
Serological pregnancy test using latex particles
1086
Selected
abstracts hr.
lions with the Papanicolaou smear as a screening test on a group of unselected women attending a Cancer Detection Clinic. The study would indicate that dysplasia may be related to carcinoma in situ as a precursor in the young women, but in the older women these data are inconclusive. The low rate for carcinoma in the returning, previously negative population is some indication of the reliability and sensitivity of the Papanicolaou smear as a screening test for cancer of the cervix. The data would suggest that among women thcrc may he two populations with respect to carcinoma of the cervix. Those at 10~ risk who continue to have negative P apanicolaou smears on repeated examination, and thosr of high risk \vho were found in the group designated dysplasia of the cervix. The risk for cancer is very much greater in individuals with dysplasia than in those with the previously negative Papanicolaou smear. J. Edward Hall
British ‘4ug. 24, *Garden,
Garden
Medical 1963. N. R., Pregnancy p. 480.
Journal and Miller, Test Using
H.: Serological Latex Particks,
and Miller: Serological Pregnancy Test Using Latex Particles, p. 480. An adaptation of the immunologic test for pregnancy is described; with the use of latex particles sensitized with human chorionic gonadotropin and rabbit human chorionic gonadotropin antiserum. The test is similar in principle to the complement fixation test, with the use of latex particles in place of complement. In addition to reliability, convenience in terms of space requirements, cost, and speed are considered in final evaluation. Specimens of urine were tested, with comparison of the results of the latex test with those of the Hogben test. Of the 233 urine specimens tested, determination of the corrcctness of thr results in 159 was possible. The test was 90.6 per cent accurate as compared with 93.1 per cent accuracy with the Hogben test. There \vcrc no false-positive results with the Hogbcn test, whereas 5 occurred with the latex test. False-negatives occurred 11 times with the Hogben test and 10 times with the latex method. The minimum concentration necessary for a positive result in the Hogben test was 2 units of human chorionic gonadotropin per milliliter
August J. Obst.
L-l. 19&l & Gvnrr.
as compared with 20 units per milliliter with the latex test. Inasmuch as salicylates may cause turbidity in the supernatant and subsrquent false-positive results, it is suggested that aspirin not be used prior to collection of a urine spec‘imen for the test. Edzelard E. If’allach Oct. 5, 1963. “Douglas, C. P.: Tuhal Ectopic Pregnant,)-. p. 838. “Wren, 1%. G., and Frampton, J.: Oestrogenic Activity Associated With Non-feminizing Tumours After the Menopaus?; 1~. 842. Douglas: Over ;I
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy, p. 838. 7 year period, 438 raws of ectopic pr~‘gn;,ll~y ;It University Collrge Hospital, Jalllilica, II. W. I., a ratio of 1 ectopic for txvcry 28 live I)irths. Of these. 417 (95.6 per rent’ \v(‘~‘r o\~itluctal prrgnanci?s. Only 1 I prr cent \v,tr~ 1111rllptured. In 13 prr cent, rhe pre,qnancy \V;IF illtcarstitial. In the ectopic ,group 9.6 per ~CIII of t11c patients gave a history of previous c~c.lol)ic. pr~~gnancy, as compared with 0.5 prr cent of a control group consisting of unselected palirn(a registered for prenatal (‘arc. In 54.7 liar (‘(‘III the pregnancy was in the right Fallopian ttll)e, and in 40.8 per cent it was on thr left. ;I \tntiatically significant finding. Previous inft.clion NX evident grossly or microscopically in -I:! l~‘r cent of the patients. Mode of onsc’~ of ~ytnp~oms was sudden in 41 per rrnt, chronic i mor(t Ihan 24 hours) in 32 per rent, and acutcon-chronic in 27 per cent. Pain was the mo5t (‘01nt~1on single symptom, occurring alone, in (if) l~r rent of patients. .4lthough a history of shoulder pain \vas rlicited in 41 patients, in !) no blood was found in the prritoneal cavity at Iho tilnr* of laparotomy. Significant amrnorrhea orcurretl in only 21 prr cent of thr patients. The nlost consistently helpful clinical findings \vcrc abdominal rrbound tenderness and pain on c(.r\‘ical motion. Uterine enlargement and aclnt~nl mass were difficult to determine. Shock was frcrluently found to be unrrlatcd to the :tnlount of intraperitoneal bleeding. Pelvic. infret ion and intrauterine pregnancy provided the tpvo main problems in diagnosis. The author advocates immediate laparotomy without undue delay for blood replacement, and feels that the poliry of “if in doubt, open“ is safer than “wait and see.” Diagnostic measures such as
Selected
abstracts hr.
lions with the Papanicolaou smear as a screening test on a group of unselected women attending a Cancer Detection Clinic. The study would indicate that dysplasia may be related to carcinoma in situ as a precursor in the young women, but in the older women these data are inconclusive. The low rate for carcinoma in the returning, previously negative population is some indication of the reliability and sensitivity of the Papanicolaou smear as a screening test for cancer of the cervix. The data would suggest that among women thcrc may he two populations with respect to carcinoma of the cervix. Those at 10~ risk who continue to have negative P apanicolaou smears on repeated examination, and thosr of high risk \vho were found in the group designated dysplasia of the cervix. The risk for cancer is very much greater in individuals with dysplasia than in those with the previously negative Papanicolaou smear. J. Edward Hall
British ‘4ug. 24, *Garden,
Garden
Medical 1963. N. R., Pregnancy p. 480.
Journal and Miller, Test Using
H.: Serological Latex Particks,
and Miller: Serological Pregnancy Test Using Latex Particles, p. 480. An adaptation of the immunologic test for pregnancy is described; with the use of latex particles sensitized with human chorionic gonadotropin and rabbit human chorionic gonadotropin antiserum. The test is similar in principle to the complement fixation test, with the use of latex particles in place of complement. In addition to reliability, convenience in terms of space requirements, cost, and speed are considered in final evaluation. Specimens of urine were tested, with comparison of the results of the latex test with those of the Hogben test. Of the 233 urine specimens tested, determination of the corrcctness of thr results in 159 was possible. The test was 90.6 per cent accurate as compared with 93.1 per cent accuracy with the Hogben test. There \vcrc no false-positive results with the Hogbcn test, whereas 5 occurred with the latex test. False-negatives occurred 11 times with the Hogben test and 10 times with the latex method. The minimum concentration necessary for a positive result in the Hogben test was 2 units of human chorionic gonadotropin per milliliter
August J. Obst.
L-l. 19&l & Gvnrr.
as compared with 20 units per milliliter with the latex test. Inasmuch as salicylates may cause turbidity in the supernatant and subsrquent false-positive results, it is suggested that aspirin not be used prior to collection of a urine spec‘imen for the test. Edzelard E. If’allach Oct. 5, 1963. “Douglas, C. P.: Tuhal Ectopic Pregnant,)-. p. 838. “Wren, 1%. G., and Frampton, J.: Oestrogenic Activity Associated With Non-feminizing Tumours After the Menopaus?; 1~. 842. Douglas: Over ;I
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy, p. 838. 7 year period, 438 raws of ectopic pr~‘gn;,ll~y ;It University Collrge Hospital, Jalllilica, II. W. I., a ratio of 1 ectopic for txvcry 28 live I)irths. Of these. 417 (95.6 per rent’ \v(‘~‘r o\~itluctal prrgnanci?s. Only 1 I prr cent \v,tr~ 1111rllptured. In 13 prr cent, rhe pre,qnancy \V;IF illtcarstitial. In the ectopic ,group 9.6 per ~CIII of t11c patients gave a history of previous c~c.lol)ic. pr~~gnancy, as compared with 0.5 prr cent of a control group consisting of unselected palirn(a registered for prenatal (‘arc. In 54.7 liar (‘(‘III the pregnancy was in the right Fallopian ttll)e, and in 40.8 per cent it was on thr left. ;I \tntiatically significant finding. Previous inft.clion NX evident grossly or microscopically in -I:! l~‘r cent of the patients. Mode of onsc’~ of ~ytnp~oms was sudden in 41 per rrnt, chronic i mor(t Ihan 24 hours) in 32 per rent, and acutcon-chronic in 27 per cent. Pain was the mo5t (‘01nt~1on single symptom, occurring alone, in (if) l~r rent of patients. .4lthough a history of shoulder pain \vas rlicited in 41 patients, in !) no blood was found in the prritoneal cavity at Iho tilnr* of laparotomy. Significant amrnorrhea orcurretl in only 21 prr cent of thr patients. The nlost consistently helpful clinical findings \vcrc abdominal rrbound tenderness and pain on c(.r\‘ical motion. Uterine enlargement and aclnt~nl mass were difficult to determine. Shock was frcrluently found to be unrrlatcd to the :tnlount of intraperitoneal bleeding. Pelvic. infret ion and intrauterine pregnancy provided the tpvo main problems in diagnosis. The author advocates immediate laparotomy without undue delay for blood replacement, and feels that the poliry of “if in doubt, open“ is safer than “wait and see.” Diagnostic measures such as