- Email: [email protected]
Sinusitis in children
Nutrition The Development Rhinol.
and Pediatrics
of the Sinuses After
& Laryngol.
Birth.
T. E. Carmody.
Ann. of Otol.
38: 1, 1929.
In a paper presented before the First International Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Congress at Copenhagen, ‘the author makes the statement that “the infant who has reached the age of one year without the so-called acute cold does not exist.” He further states that every acute cold involves not only the nasal rllucosa but the lining of the sinuses as well, and if this infection progresses into the epithelium, subepithelial tissue, or even to the pericostal covering of the wall, it will be noted radiographically. Carmody states that infection of the maxillary sinus and ethmoid cells is present very early; such an infect.ion was found even as early as the ninth day of life. Sinusitis in Children. 38: 2,1929.
J. Mackenzie
Brown.
Ann. Otol. Rhinol.
& Laryngol.
In a comprehensive article Brown states that the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses are present at birth. The buds of the second teeth are placed under and lateral to the antra. The author warns against injuring these buds in any procedure in and around the antrum, and he writes that “injury to a tooth bud could easily cause it to be displaced from its normal position in its crypt and prevent its normal development and eruption.” The frontal sinuses are rarely of clinical importance before the eighth year, and the sphenoids have little significance before the third or fourth year. There are two main types of sinusit&-suppurative and hyperplastic, and the latter type is infrequent in children. The tonsils and adenoids predispose to sinus infection either by their mechanical obstruction to nasal respiration or by the presence of infection, or both. Poor hygienic surroundings and dietary deficiency, particularly with the fat vitamins, tend to produce a disturbance in antibody formation. AnaAcute respirtomic defects within the nose also predispose to sinus infection. atory infections, particularly influenza, are often the immediate cause of sinusitis in children. The author stresses the danger of sinus infection from swimming and more particularly from swimming pools. Among the more common symptoms is a cough which is more pronounced at night. A low-grade temperature of .about 99 degrees or so may be present for weeks and even months. The eyes may show lesions, more commonly conjuncttivitis and keratitis. Acute and chronic ear inflammation and compliThe child somehations are not uncommonly found in children with sinusitis. times has nephritis or pyelitis as a secondary manifestation. Cardiac lesions and various forms of respiratory infections often xixanifest themselves also. Acute disturbance of the gastrointestinal tract is a fairly constant experience with some children having a chronic sinus infection.
The diagnosis is made from the history, physical examination of noses and throat, and roentgenogram. The prophylaxis of sinus infection is the prevention of colds, and vaccines are mentioned as a valuable aid to prevent respiratory infection. The treatment outlined includes removal of tonsils and adenoids, ~lictt, sunshine and the various “lights,” vaccines, removal to warm dry climat,c> local treatment. Surgical measures arc to be discouraged except for the puncture of a small window in the antrum. Brown states that with adequate treatment the prognosis of sinus irtfection in children is good.
Persistent
NasaJ Catarrh in Children. Douglas Gutbrie. &it. 31. d. 26: %M., 1929. In a timely article on a very common infection Guthrie of 13dinburghl Scotland, relates some of his experiences with chronic rhinitis in children. Adenoids are by far the most common cause of chronic rhinitis in children. He also believes that the antra and ethmoids may become infected at an early age, which sometimes requires more vigorous treatment in addition to the removal of the tonsils and adenoids. He thinks that nasal obstruction is the cause of a persist,ent nasal clischarge in children who show no other apparent cause. The obstruction arises from an arrested development of the nose and nasopharynx. He blames mouth-breathing for this result, which in turn resulted from a. succession of head colds during the first ten years of life. The object of treatment is to restore potency. This may ofBen be accomplished by the removal of the adenoids and the trea.tment of any obstruction. for example, a deviated septum or enlarged turbinatrs. For removal of the mucopurulent secretion he advises a simple suction apparatus for babies. Older children must bc taught to blow the nose (by the open method, not by grasping the nose). riocal application should follow the cleansing regimen. Guthrie thinks that these “ catarrhal” children do well by taking sodium bicarbonate internally [dosage not stated-reviewer]. In addition, he stresses the importance of breathing exercises, but he emphasizes t,he point tba,t both inspiration and expiration should be nasal. In regard to the dental condition, the aut,hor states that “when the upper dental arch is narrow and the teeth crowded, it may be desirable to iit an expanding denture composed of two halves.” Nasal Discharge
in Childhood,
E’. Krayshaw
Gilhespy.
Bit.
JI. J. 26: 35!!1,
1929. This authority reports on fifty children least. t,wo years because of nasal discharge. Among his conclusions are: first, that pus bility of sinus infection; second, when dealing antrums in children, the possibility of ethmoid be kept in mind.
kept under
observation
for at
or mucopus suggests the posniwith infection of the maxillary infection at an early age must
and Pediatrics
of the Sinuses After
& Laryngol.
Birth.
T. E. Carmody.
Ann. of Otol.
38: 1, 1929.
In a paper presented before the First International Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Congress at Copenhagen, ‘the author makes the statement that “the infant who has reached the age of one year without the so-called acute cold does not exist.” He further states that every acute cold involves not only the nasal rllucosa but the lining of the sinuses as well, and if this infection progresses into the epithelium, subepithelial tissue, or even to the pericostal covering of the wall, it will be noted radiographically. Carmody states that infection of the maxillary sinus and ethmoid cells is present very early; such an infect.ion was found even as early as the ninth day of life. Sinusitis in Children. 38: 2,1929.
J. Mackenzie
Brown.
Ann. Otol. Rhinol.
& Laryngol.
In a comprehensive article Brown states that the ethmoid and maxillary sinuses are present at birth. The buds of the second teeth are placed under and lateral to the antra. The author warns against injuring these buds in any procedure in and around the antrum, and he writes that “injury to a tooth bud could easily cause it to be displaced from its normal position in its crypt and prevent its normal development and eruption.” The frontal sinuses are rarely of clinical importance before the eighth year, and the sphenoids have little significance before the third or fourth year. There are two main types of sinusit&-suppurative and hyperplastic, and the latter type is infrequent in children. The tonsils and adenoids predispose to sinus infection either by their mechanical obstruction to nasal respiration or by the presence of infection, or both. Poor hygienic surroundings and dietary deficiency, particularly with the fat vitamins, tend to produce a disturbance in antibody formation. AnaAcute respirtomic defects within the nose also predispose to sinus infection. atory infections, particularly influenza, are often the immediate cause of sinusitis in children. The author stresses the danger of sinus infection from swimming and more particularly from swimming pools. Among the more common symptoms is a cough which is more pronounced at night. A low-grade temperature of .about 99 degrees or so may be present for weeks and even months. The eyes may show lesions, more commonly conjuncttivitis and keratitis. Acute and chronic ear inflammation and compliThe child somehations are not uncommonly found in children with sinusitis. times has nephritis or pyelitis as a secondary manifestation. Cardiac lesions and various forms of respiratory infections often xixanifest themselves also. Acute disturbance of the gastrointestinal tract is a fairly constant experience with some children having a chronic sinus infection.
The diagnosis is made from the history, physical examination of noses and throat, and roentgenogram. The prophylaxis of sinus infection is the prevention of colds, and vaccines are mentioned as a valuable aid to prevent respiratory infection. The treatment outlined includes removal of tonsils and adenoids, ~lictt, sunshine and the various “lights,” vaccines, removal to warm dry climat,c> local treatment. Surgical measures arc to be discouraged except for the puncture of a small window in the antrum. Brown states that with adequate treatment the prognosis of sinus irtfection in children is good.
Persistent
NasaJ Catarrh in Children. Douglas Gutbrie. &it. 31. d. 26: %M., 1929. In a timely article on a very common infection Guthrie of 13dinburghl Scotland, relates some of his experiences with chronic rhinitis in children. Adenoids are by far the most common cause of chronic rhinitis in children. He also believes that the antra and ethmoids may become infected at an early age, which sometimes requires more vigorous treatment in addition to the removal of the tonsils and adenoids. He thinks that nasal obstruction is the cause of a persist,ent nasal clischarge in children who show no other apparent cause. The obstruction arises from an arrested development of the nose and nasopharynx. He blames mouth-breathing for this result, which in turn resulted from a. succession of head colds during the first ten years of life. The object of treatment is to restore potency. This may ofBen be accomplished by the removal of the adenoids and the trea.tment of any obstruction. for example, a deviated septum or enlarged turbinatrs. For removal of the mucopurulent secretion he advises a simple suction apparatus for babies. Older children must bc taught to blow the nose (by the open method, not by grasping the nose). riocal application should follow the cleansing regimen. Guthrie thinks that these “ catarrhal” children do well by taking sodium bicarbonate internally [dosage not stated-reviewer]. In addition, he stresses the importance of breathing exercises, but he emphasizes t,he point tba,t both inspiration and expiration should be nasal. In regard to the dental condition, the aut,hor states that “when the upper dental arch is narrow and the teeth crowded, it may be desirable to iit an expanding denture composed of two halves.” Nasal Discharge
in Childhood,
E’. Krayshaw
Gilhespy.
Bit.
JI. J. 26: 35!!1,
1929. This authority reports on fifty children least. t,wo years because of nasal discharge. Among his conclusions are: first, that pus bility of sinus infection; second, when dealing antrums in children, the possibility of ethmoid be kept in mind.
kept under
observation
for at
or mucopus suggests the posniwith infection of the maxillary infection at an early age must