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Skin conductance versus mental sweating responses to emotional pictures in Japanese men
Posters session 2 / International Journal of Psychophysiology 69 (2008) 242–275
of ERPs related to artifacts correction procedure. These correction related errors were analyzed for different types of reference montages: linked eyes reference, average reference and weighted average reference. Results have shown that all correction methods effectively reduced ocular artifacts and resulted in relatively small spectral and ERPs distortion independently of references type in most channels of EEG excepting frontal channels (Fp1/Fp2) in case PCA/ICA correction. On the other hand any correction procedure, especially PCA/ICA correction, significantly increases total number of averaging artifact-free epochs or trials that results in better accuracy of estimation of spectral parameters EEG or ERPs parameters. Results supported the use of all analyzed methods of ocular artifact correction but suggested an expediency of wide introduction of PCA/ICA methods in fundamental and applied researches of qEEG and event-related potentials.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.174 Skin conductance versus mental sweating responses to emotional pictures in Japanese men M. Taisne a, T. Kobayashi b, O. Mandai b, H. Sequeira a,c Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, CNRS, Lille, France b Sleep Research Center, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga, Japan c Neurosciences, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
a
Autonomic indices are relevant markers classically used to evaluate the somatic impact of emotional processing. In this frame, the electrical activity of eccrine sweat glands, usually recorded as skin conductance (SC), is a very wideused activity allowing to index orientation behavior, motor activity, cognitive processes or emotional states. The major inconvenience of the SC method is related to interferences caused by metallic recording electrodes, when associated with magnetic-sensitive techniques such as fMRI or magnetoencephalography. In a parallel direction some Japanese research teams developed the mental sweating (MS) method which directly records the skin hygrometry related to sweat glands function thanks to a non-metallic probe. Although SC and MS are clearly dependent on sweating activity, no study has correlated the dynamic of both indices in response to the same stimulation. In a first step, we tried to validate MS parameters in comparison with SC classical ones. In a second step, we determined the relevance of MS method to discriminate valence and arousal dimensions of affective pictures. Thirty right-handed Japanese male (21 ± 1 years) took part in the experiment. SC and MS responses were simultaneously recorded. Some tasks were asked to be completed (deep breathing, leg flexion, mental calculation) to ensure to correctly elicit both signals. Then 30 emotional pictures (10 pleasant, 10 neutral and 10 unpleasant) from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) were presented on a screen for 2 s and participants had to feel as if the scene was happening for real. Afterwards they had to complete the Self Assessment Manikin (SAM) for each picture. The analysis showed a strong correlation for amplitude (higher than .50; p b 0.005) and for area under curve (higher than .60; p b 0.0001) for SC and MS responses. The latency, one-second longer for MS responses, was also correlated (higher than .70; p b 0.0001). Moreover, as for SC responses, MS responses amplitude was correlated with estimated activation values of IAPS pictures. In conclusion, MS responses could be used as a reliable indicator of autonomic activation induced by affective pictures during magnetic neuroimaging brain exploration.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.175 The condition and correction of the homeostatic system of MS patients Z.A. Goncharova Rostov State Medical University, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rostov-on-Don, Russia On the model of demyelinating diseases – experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) – we determined the significance pf meaning of certain indices of kallikrein–kinin, antioxidant and immune systems in predicting the clinical EAE manifestations and the possibility to influence the correction process of these indices (Vilkov G.A. et al., 1993). Thus, Unitiol introduction, normalizing the kallikrein activity, prevented the EAE progressing, antioxidants prevented
257
the EAE progressing in guinea-pigs, prooxidants intensified the process in white rats tolerant to EAE. The results were received due to the dynamic study of the required amounts of serum in reproducing EAE on dogs. Similar studies were conducted on MS patients. We have come to the conclusion, that the changes in the adaptive homeostatic systems long before the exacerbation process are principally of the same character. Thus, it is possible not only to predict but also, which is more important, take timely measures with the use of antioxidants, hepatoprotectors, enterosorbents, normalizing the functions of homeostatic system and positively modifying the course of MS. Such correction, along with the traditional methods of treatment, helps to avoid exacerbation and make remission period last longer. We have assessed in dynamics the state of freeradicals oxidation (FRO) and antioxidant system (AOS) by means of chemiluminescence of blood serum (Vladimirov Y.A et al., 1976) in 60 MS patients diagnosed according to Poser's criteria (C.M.Poser et al., 1983) in the state of remission. Chemiluminescence analysis showed a considerable decrease of АОS capacity and the tendency towards the FRO stabilization process as compared to the exacerbation period. The absence of restorative tendencies in AOS is obviously due to the continuity of the neuroimmune degrading process, though not so intensive, even during the remission period. The first group of patients (n = 34) received antioxidant therapy (tokoferoli acetatis, trioviti).The length of therapy was individual and depended on the normalization of the analyzed indices. The second group of patients (n = 26) did not receive antioxidant treatment. The first group of patients had an average remission period of 2.4 ± 0.2 years, which is significantly longer (p b 0.05) if compared to the second group (0.7± 0.1 year).The analysis of chemiluminescence indices has shown the increase of AOS capacity during antioxidant treatment in the first group while there has been further exhaustion of AOS in the second group. The clinical efficiency of the AOS correction can be explained by the fact, that the disease emerges due to the combination of genetic susceptibility and the negative effect of environmental factors (stresses, xenobiotics). The normalization of homeostasis leads to the stabilization of the process. Explicit positive effect of the antioxidant therapy proves pathogenetic importance of the disorder in lipid peroxidation of MS patients and stresses the advisability of antioxidant treatment in order to prolong remission.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.176 An analysis of saccadic eye movement parameters as a technique for diagnosis and therapy control of Parkinson's disease P.O. Ratmanova a, R.R. Bogdanov b, D.A. Napalkov a M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Moscow, Russia b M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Department of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
a
At present neurological methods are mainly used for diagnosis and treatment control of Parkinson's disease. They are based upon the evaluation of main symptoms of the disease: hypokinesia, rigidity, and tremor. As matters stand, some of the measurements in rating scales are depended on subjective judgment of a neurologist. Furthermore, the main motor symptoms only appear just when 60–80% of the dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra are dead. Thus, there is great demand for developing objective instrument techniques for early diagnosis and medication treatment control of this disease. The aim of the current research is to estimate the validity of the analysis of saccadic eye movement parameters as one of the methods of objective investigation. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease were examined and compared with control subjects of the same age, who showed no evidence of neurological disorders. None of the parkinsonian patients were receiving any anti-parkinsonian treatment before the examination. Before the course of medication all patients demonstrated hypokinesia, rigidity and tremor, which constitute basic motor syndrome in Parkinson's disease. Along with the symptoms changes in saccadic eye movement parameters were revealed in all patients with Parkinson's disease. The mean saccade latency increased in the patients compared to the control group. Also, patients demonstrated a longer mean time of the gaze shift than control participants. After an additional analysis we found the cause of the mean time increase of the gaze shift. As it turned out, the percentage of the particular saccades (multistep saccades) rose in the patients with Parkinson's disease. In these cases not one but two or three saccades were performed with smaller amplitudes. The changes in saccadic eye movement parameters were more
of ERPs related to artifacts correction procedure. These correction related errors were analyzed for different types of reference montages: linked eyes reference, average reference and weighted average reference. Results have shown that all correction methods effectively reduced ocular artifacts and resulted in relatively small spectral and ERPs distortion independently of references type in most channels of EEG excepting frontal channels (Fp1/Fp2) in case PCA/ICA correction. On the other hand any correction procedure, especially PCA/ICA correction, significantly increases total number of averaging artifact-free epochs or trials that results in better accuracy of estimation of spectral parameters EEG or ERPs parameters. Results supported the use of all analyzed methods of ocular artifact correction but suggested an expediency of wide introduction of PCA/ICA methods in fundamental and applied researches of qEEG and event-related potentials.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.174 Skin conductance versus mental sweating responses to emotional pictures in Japanese men M. Taisne a, T. Kobayashi b, O. Mandai b, H. Sequeira a,c Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologies, CNRS, Lille, France b Sleep Research Center, Ashikaga Institute of Technology, Ashikaga, Japan c Neurosciences, Université de Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
a
Autonomic indices are relevant markers classically used to evaluate the somatic impact of emotional processing. In this frame, the electrical activity of eccrine sweat glands, usually recorded as skin conductance (SC), is a very wideused activity allowing to index orientation behavior, motor activity, cognitive processes or emotional states. The major inconvenience of the SC method is related to interferences caused by metallic recording electrodes, when associated with magnetic-sensitive techniques such as fMRI or magnetoencephalography. In a parallel direction some Japanese research teams developed the mental sweating (MS) method which directly records the skin hygrometry related to sweat glands function thanks to a non-metallic probe. Although SC and MS are clearly dependent on sweating activity, no study has correlated the dynamic of both indices in response to the same stimulation. In a first step, we tried to validate MS parameters in comparison with SC classical ones. In a second step, we determined the relevance of MS method to discriminate valence and arousal dimensions of affective pictures. Thirty right-handed Japanese male (21 ± 1 years) took part in the experiment. SC and MS responses were simultaneously recorded. Some tasks were asked to be completed (deep breathing, leg flexion, mental calculation) to ensure to correctly elicit both signals. Then 30 emotional pictures (10 pleasant, 10 neutral and 10 unpleasant) from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) were presented on a screen for 2 s and participants had to feel as if the scene was happening for real. Afterwards they had to complete the Self Assessment Manikin (SAM) for each picture. The analysis showed a strong correlation for amplitude (higher than .50; p b 0.005) and for area under curve (higher than .60; p b 0.0001) for SC and MS responses. The latency, one-second longer for MS responses, was also correlated (higher than .70; p b 0.0001). Moreover, as for SC responses, MS responses amplitude was correlated with estimated activation values of IAPS pictures. In conclusion, MS responses could be used as a reliable indicator of autonomic activation induced by affective pictures during magnetic neuroimaging brain exploration.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.175 The condition and correction of the homeostatic system of MS patients Z.A. Goncharova Rostov State Medical University, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Rostov-on-Don, Russia On the model of demyelinating diseases – experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) – we determined the significance pf meaning of certain indices of kallikrein–kinin, antioxidant and immune systems in predicting the clinical EAE manifestations and the possibility to influence the correction process of these indices (Vilkov G.A. et al., 1993). Thus, Unitiol introduction, normalizing the kallikrein activity, prevented the EAE progressing, antioxidants prevented
257
the EAE progressing in guinea-pigs, prooxidants intensified the process in white rats tolerant to EAE. The results were received due to the dynamic study of the required amounts of serum in reproducing EAE on dogs. Similar studies were conducted on MS patients. We have come to the conclusion, that the changes in the adaptive homeostatic systems long before the exacerbation process are principally of the same character. Thus, it is possible not only to predict but also, which is more important, take timely measures with the use of antioxidants, hepatoprotectors, enterosorbents, normalizing the functions of homeostatic system and positively modifying the course of MS. Such correction, along with the traditional methods of treatment, helps to avoid exacerbation and make remission period last longer. We have assessed in dynamics the state of freeradicals oxidation (FRO) and antioxidant system (AOS) by means of chemiluminescence of blood serum (Vladimirov Y.A et al., 1976) in 60 MS patients diagnosed according to Poser's criteria (C.M.Poser et al., 1983) in the state of remission. Chemiluminescence analysis showed a considerable decrease of АОS capacity and the tendency towards the FRO stabilization process as compared to the exacerbation period. The absence of restorative tendencies in AOS is obviously due to the continuity of the neuroimmune degrading process, though not so intensive, even during the remission period. The first group of patients (n = 34) received antioxidant therapy (tokoferoli acetatis, trioviti).The length of therapy was individual and depended on the normalization of the analyzed indices. The second group of patients (n = 26) did not receive antioxidant treatment. The first group of patients had an average remission period of 2.4 ± 0.2 years, which is significantly longer (p b 0.05) if compared to the second group (0.7± 0.1 year).The analysis of chemiluminescence indices has shown the increase of AOS capacity during antioxidant treatment in the first group while there has been further exhaustion of AOS in the second group. The clinical efficiency of the AOS correction can be explained by the fact, that the disease emerges due to the combination of genetic susceptibility and the negative effect of environmental factors (stresses, xenobiotics). The normalization of homeostasis leads to the stabilization of the process. Explicit positive effect of the antioxidant therapy proves pathogenetic importance of the disorder in lipid peroxidation of MS patients and stresses the advisability of antioxidant treatment in order to prolong remission.
doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.05.176 An analysis of saccadic eye movement parameters as a technique for diagnosis and therapy control of Parkinson's disease P.O. Ratmanova a, R.R. Bogdanov b, D.A. Napalkov a M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Higher Nervous Activity, Moscow, Russia b M.F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute, Department of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
a
At present neurological methods are mainly used for diagnosis and treatment control of Parkinson's disease. They are based upon the evaluation of main symptoms of the disease: hypokinesia, rigidity, and tremor. As matters stand, some of the measurements in rating scales are depended on subjective judgment of a neurologist. Furthermore, the main motor symptoms only appear just when 60–80% of the dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra are dead. Thus, there is great demand for developing objective instrument techniques for early diagnosis and medication treatment control of this disease. The aim of the current research is to estimate the validity of the analysis of saccadic eye movement parameters as one of the methods of objective investigation. Patients with a clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease were examined and compared with control subjects of the same age, who showed no evidence of neurological disorders. None of the parkinsonian patients were receiving any anti-parkinsonian treatment before the examination. Before the course of medication all patients demonstrated hypokinesia, rigidity and tremor, which constitute basic motor syndrome in Parkinson's disease. Along with the symptoms changes in saccadic eye movement parameters were revealed in all patients with Parkinson's disease. The mean saccade latency increased in the patients compared to the control group. Also, patients demonstrated a longer mean time of the gaze shift than control participants. After an additional analysis we found the cause of the mean time increase of the gaze shift. As it turned out, the percentage of the particular saccades (multistep saccades) rose in the patients with Parkinson's disease. In these cases not one but two or three saccades were performed with smaller amplitudes. The changes in saccadic eye movement parameters were more