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SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE.
917 blood in the stools been positive. In simple gastric or duodenal ulcer blood might be present in the stools but it
females inflicted bites and
only at night, causing a disease known as papatasii fever, the results of which were calculated at one time to have incapacitated a large number of the Austrian troops in Bosnia.-The PRESIDENT said that the views put forward by Captain Craig in regard to entamceba coli could not be fully accepted in face of the opposite opinions expressed in the leading American medical journals. Dr. Low read notes of a case of Malta Fever from Northern Nigeria and pointed out that Malta fever had long been known to exist in other parts of the world than the Mediterranean ; cases had recently been reported from India, South Africa, and the Soudan.-Mr. H. A. Foy (Lokoja) gave details of another case of Malta fever from Northern Nigeria, and the PRESIDENT discussed the use of Widal’s reaction in connexion with the diagnosis of this disease.-Kaiserling’s Universal Projection Apparatus was used for illustrating the specimens mentioned in the discussion,
or three days under dietetic with skiagraphy showed that information about the size of the stomach and the rate with which it got rid of its contents was not so reliable as that obtained by certain other methods of examination. Inflation of the stomach by carbon dioxide, produced by action of tartaric acid on sodium bicarbonate, gave constant results in sound individuals. Very slight dilatations could be readily recognised by this method. Traces of bismuth might remain in the stomach six hours after a bismuth meal sufficient to cause a shadow to x rays and no evidence of pyloric obstruction was thus obtained. Traces of food residue, obtained by a tube at 8 A.M. after the last meal had been taken at 8 P.M., afforded almost conclusive evidence of organic stricture of the pylorus. After a bismuth breakfast x rays might show: (1) obstruction at the cardiac end of the stomach due to growth in this situation ; (2) abnormality in the outline of the stomach caused by a projection of a EDINBURGH OBSTETRICAL SOCIETY. growth into the lumen ; and (3) obliteration of the pyloric vestibule due to growth near the pylorus. lae rorro uzerus.-rcenac Decapsulation in Eclampsia. Mr. T. CRISP ENGLISH said that the important early signs of cancer of the stomach should be given a more prominent A MEETING of this society was held on March 10th, place in text-books on medicine and surgery. Too much Professor WILLIAM STEPHENSON (Aberdeen), the President, space was usually devoted to the classical signs, and patients being in the chair. suffering from the classical signs were usually in a hopeless Dr. D. BERRY HART read a paper on the Interpretation of condition. He referred to the difficulty which sometimes the Porro Uterus in Relation to the Mechanism of the Third occurred during an operation in diagnosing a chronic ulcer Stage of Labour. He pointed out that the Porro uterus, as from cancer, even after careful inspection through an opening was long ago stated by Sänger and Champneys, was an overin the stomach. If the possibility of a radical operation retracted uterus, and really demonstrated that shrinkage of arose the diagnosis must first be certain ; his own practice in the placental site did not separate the placenta. The consuch cases had been to excise a portion of the diseased area ditions found in third stage uteri obtained post mortem were for microscopical examination and then to do a gastrodifferent. Where the placenta was unseparated the quite jejunostomy. If the excised portion proved malignant, a uterine wall was only half an inch in thickness as compared partial gastrectomy was performed later. He urged the with a thickness of one and a half inches in Porro specimens. more frequent performance of partial gastrectomy in preferHe contended that the separation in the third stage occurred ence to the palliative operation of gastro-jejunostomy. after the pain. when the uterus slightly expanded, and thus a disproportion between the placenta and its site was obtained. T This expansion was due mainly to the recoil and the elastic SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND tissue between the bundles of muscle and especially below the thin subperitoneal layer of muscle. By Weigert’s stain HYGIENE. he had found the elastic tissue well developed in these The important point in separation was the dis1 positions. Tropical Disease in the Philippine Islands.—Malta Fever. proportion between the placental site and the placenta and A MEETING of this society was held on March 19th, Sir tthis was obtained early in placenta prasvia, and after the PATRICK MANSON, the President, being in the chair. pain in the normal third stage. This tore through the Captain C. F. CRAIG, of the Medical Corps, U.S. Army, microscopical filaments in the spongy layer and then the communicated a paper on the Observations of the Uniteduterus easily expelled the mass of placenta and membranes. States Army Board for the Study of Tropical Diseases in the Professor Sir J. HALLIDAY CROOM related a case of Renal Philippine Islands, giving the results of research work upon IDecapsulation in Eclampsia with an illustrative successful The patient was a primipara, aged 26 years, with no c tropical diseases in those islands accomplished by that Board case. Filaria (microfilaria) 1history of any previous renal disease. She was delivered of a from March, 1906, to July, 1907. 1 child in the Royal Maternity Hospital, Edinburgh, Philippinensis was a special species of filaria indigenous healthy to the islands ; filaria Bancrofti, however, was the most aafter a protracted labour, the child having presented by the In the Philippine Islands a very face. common filaria observed. f This was followed by a succession of fits with intervals of white men were infected with entamæba of maniacal excitement which later gave place to profound c large proportion coli and such infection as far as the Board had been able to aand increasing coma. The patient was treated with hot packs, observe did not result in symptoms of diarrhoea or dysentery. thyroid, t croton oil, venesection, and saline infusion. The The conclusions in regard to dengue fever were: (1) there sskin and the bowels acted freely, the kidneys were acting well, did not occur in the blood of dengue patients any visibleyet she was hourly becoming more intoxicated and comat The urine contained a large amount of albumin, organism which could be considered as the cause of the tose. It c disease; (2) dengue was not accompanied by ansemia ; (3) it diminished urea, and granular and hyaline casts. was characterised by a leucopena ; and (4) it was not a conB was determined as a last resource to decapsulate the t At the operation the right kidney was found to be tagious disease and patients suffering from it might be placed kidneys. in the general wards of a hospital without fear of infect- ccongested and enlarged, the capsule being slightly thickened ing other patients provided precautions were taken against aand slightly adherent, and the left kidney appeared to be the bites of mosquitoes. Concerning the etiology of fram- quite There was copious haemorrhage from the c normal. bcesia or yaws and the experimental production of thisperirenal fat, especially on the right side. Within 24 hours disease in monkeys, the Board considered that treponema aafter the operation the patient passed 90 ounces of urine pertenuis was the cause of yaws ; it was also con- with a great diminution of albumin and an increased eluded that this organism and treponema pallidum might be quantity of urea. For several days the quantity of urine c differentiated by the results obtained from the inoculation of ccontinued excessive. The albumin disappeared within two monkeys and that yaws and syphilis were distinct diseases.- edays of the operation and the patient made a good Dr. G. C. Low did not agree with the conclusions of Captain rrecovery. Sir Halliday Croom proceeded to trace the Craig in regard to filaria Philippinensis.-Dr. F. M. SAND- 1history of the operation of decapsulation of the kidneys WITH said that the paper added dengue fever to the list of aand mentioned 26 cases which he had collected from diseases to which man was liable from the bite of the the literature of the subject in which the operation t 1 been undertaken for eclampsia. He believed that mosquito.-Mr. E. E. AUSTIN said that in addition to the had mosquito the insect known as phlebotomus papatasii must the operation exerted a beneficial action by relieving the be recognised as causing disease ; this was a small hairy ittension in a congested kidney and by depleting the organ by midge, a kind of sanday of a yellowish-brown colour ; the localised blood-letting. In this way the circulation through
always disappeared in two His experience treatment.
I r
females inflicted bites and
only at night, causing a disease known as papatasii fever, the results of which were calculated at one time to have incapacitated a large number of the Austrian troops in Bosnia.-The PRESIDENT said that the views put forward by Captain Craig in regard to entamceba coli could not be fully accepted in face of the opposite opinions expressed in the leading American medical journals. Dr. Low read notes of a case of Malta Fever from Northern Nigeria and pointed out that Malta fever had long been known to exist in other parts of the world than the Mediterranean ; cases had recently been reported from India, South Africa, and the Soudan.-Mr. H. A. Foy (Lokoja) gave details of another case of Malta fever from Northern Nigeria, and the PRESIDENT discussed the use of Widal’s reaction in connexion with the diagnosis of this disease.-Kaiserling’s Universal Projection Apparatus was used for illustrating the specimens mentioned in the discussion,
or three days under dietetic with skiagraphy showed that information about the size of the stomach and the rate with which it got rid of its contents was not so reliable as that obtained by certain other methods of examination. Inflation of the stomach by carbon dioxide, produced by action of tartaric acid on sodium bicarbonate, gave constant results in sound individuals. Very slight dilatations could be readily recognised by this method. Traces of bismuth might remain in the stomach six hours after a bismuth meal sufficient to cause a shadow to x rays and no evidence of pyloric obstruction was thus obtained. Traces of food residue, obtained by a tube at 8 A.M. after the last meal had been taken at 8 P.M., afforded almost conclusive evidence of organic stricture of the pylorus. After a bismuth breakfast x rays might show: (1) obstruction at the cardiac end of the stomach due to growth in this situation ; (2) abnormality in the outline of the stomach caused by a projection of a EDINBURGH OBSTETRICAL SOCIETY. growth into the lumen ; and (3) obliteration of the pyloric vestibule due to growth near the pylorus. lae rorro uzerus.-rcenac Decapsulation in Eclampsia. Mr. T. CRISP ENGLISH said that the important early signs of cancer of the stomach should be given a more prominent A MEETING of this society was held on March 10th, place in text-books on medicine and surgery. Too much Professor WILLIAM STEPHENSON (Aberdeen), the President, space was usually devoted to the classical signs, and patients being in the chair. suffering from the classical signs were usually in a hopeless Dr. D. BERRY HART read a paper on the Interpretation of condition. He referred to the difficulty which sometimes the Porro Uterus in Relation to the Mechanism of the Third occurred during an operation in diagnosing a chronic ulcer Stage of Labour. He pointed out that the Porro uterus, as from cancer, even after careful inspection through an opening was long ago stated by Sänger and Champneys, was an overin the stomach. If the possibility of a radical operation retracted uterus, and really demonstrated that shrinkage of arose the diagnosis must first be certain ; his own practice in the placental site did not separate the placenta. The consuch cases had been to excise a portion of the diseased area ditions found in third stage uteri obtained post mortem were for microscopical examination and then to do a gastrodifferent. Where the placenta was unseparated the quite jejunostomy. If the excised portion proved malignant, a uterine wall was only half an inch in thickness as compared partial gastrectomy was performed later. He urged the with a thickness of one and a half inches in Porro specimens. more frequent performance of partial gastrectomy in preferHe contended that the separation in the third stage occurred ence to the palliative operation of gastro-jejunostomy. after the pain. when the uterus slightly expanded, and thus a disproportion between the placenta and its site was obtained. T This expansion was due mainly to the recoil and the elastic SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND tissue between the bundles of muscle and especially below the thin subperitoneal layer of muscle. By Weigert’s stain HYGIENE. he had found the elastic tissue well developed in these The important point in separation was the dis1 positions. Tropical Disease in the Philippine Islands.—Malta Fever. proportion between the placental site and the placenta and A MEETING of this society was held on March 19th, Sir tthis was obtained early in placenta prasvia, and after the PATRICK MANSON, the President, being in the chair. pain in the normal third stage. This tore through the Captain C. F. CRAIG, of the Medical Corps, U.S. Army, microscopical filaments in the spongy layer and then the communicated a paper on the Observations of the Uniteduterus easily expelled the mass of placenta and membranes. States Army Board for the Study of Tropical Diseases in the Professor Sir J. HALLIDAY CROOM related a case of Renal Philippine Islands, giving the results of research work upon IDecapsulation in Eclampsia with an illustrative successful The patient was a primipara, aged 26 years, with no c tropical diseases in those islands accomplished by that Board case. Filaria (microfilaria) 1history of any previous renal disease. She was delivered of a from March, 1906, to July, 1907. 1 child in the Royal Maternity Hospital, Edinburgh, Philippinensis was a special species of filaria indigenous healthy to the islands ; filaria Bancrofti, however, was the most aafter a protracted labour, the child having presented by the In the Philippine Islands a very face. common filaria observed. f This was followed by a succession of fits with intervals of white men were infected with entamæba of maniacal excitement which later gave place to profound c large proportion coli and such infection as far as the Board had been able to aand increasing coma. The patient was treated with hot packs, observe did not result in symptoms of diarrhoea or dysentery. thyroid, t croton oil, venesection, and saline infusion. The The conclusions in regard to dengue fever were: (1) there sskin and the bowels acted freely, the kidneys were acting well, did not occur in the blood of dengue patients any visibleyet she was hourly becoming more intoxicated and comat The urine contained a large amount of albumin, organism which could be considered as the cause of the tose. It c disease; (2) dengue was not accompanied by ansemia ; (3) it diminished urea, and granular and hyaline casts. was characterised by a leucopena ; and (4) it was not a conB was determined as a last resource to decapsulate the t At the operation the right kidney was found to be tagious disease and patients suffering from it might be placed kidneys. in the general wards of a hospital without fear of infect- ccongested and enlarged, the capsule being slightly thickened ing other patients provided precautions were taken against aand slightly adherent, and the left kidney appeared to be the bites of mosquitoes. Concerning the etiology of fram- quite There was copious haemorrhage from the c normal. bcesia or yaws and the experimental production of thisperirenal fat, especially on the right side. Within 24 hours disease in monkeys, the Board considered that treponema aafter the operation the patient passed 90 ounces of urine pertenuis was the cause of yaws ; it was also con- with a great diminution of albumin and an increased eluded that this organism and treponema pallidum might be quantity of urea. For several days the quantity of urine c differentiated by the results obtained from the inoculation of ccontinued excessive. The albumin disappeared within two monkeys and that yaws and syphilis were distinct diseases.- edays of the operation and the patient made a good Dr. G. C. Low did not agree with the conclusions of Captain rrecovery. Sir Halliday Croom proceeded to trace the Craig in regard to filaria Philippinensis.-Dr. F. M. SAND- 1history of the operation of decapsulation of the kidneys WITH said that the paper added dengue fever to the list of aand mentioned 26 cases which he had collected from diseases to which man was liable from the bite of the the literature of the subject in which the operation t 1 been undertaken for eclampsia. He believed that mosquito.-Mr. E. E. AUSTIN said that in addition to the had mosquito the insect known as phlebotomus papatasii must the operation exerted a beneficial action by relieving the be recognised as causing disease ; this was a small hairy ittension in a congested kidney and by depleting the organ by midge, a kind of sanday of a yellowish-brown colour ; the localised blood-letting. In this way the circulation through
always disappeared in two His experience treatment.
I r