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Soil improvement
183A
T e m p o r a r y and p e r m a n e n t supports See also: 856086 856118 Construction of bored piles in weathered sedimentary rock Holden, J C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V2, P378-384. Publ Barton. Inst of Engineers, 1984 The conventional methods of constructing bored piles socketed into rock are critically examined, and various design assumptions found invalid. Rock socket designs normally involve construction-related assumptions. Factors discussed are: (1) socket dimensions', (2) expected rock materials; (3) rock disturbance caused by construction: (4) base cleanliness; (5) wall surface conditions: and (6) concrete integrity.
856119 Time-settlement behaviour of rafts of finite flexibility Small, J C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P159-164. Publ Barton. lnst of Engineers, 1984 A method for computing the time-settlement behaviour of circular rafts of finite flexibility, resting on soil layers of finite depth. Results for the time-settlement behaviour of rafts on soil layers of various depths, as well as for the development of moment in the raft with time, are presented. Auth.
856120 Shakedown analysis of a laterally loaded pile tested in stiff clay Swane, I C; Poulos, H G Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P165-169. Publ Barton: lnst o[ Engineers. 1984 A method for analysing the cyclic behaviour of laterally loaded piles has been developed and applied to single vertical piles embedded in clay soils. The soil-pile interaction model is bilinearelasto-plastic and is based on subgrade reaction theory. Comparisons are made between the theoretical behaviour and that measured in field tests. The analysis is used to simulate the increase in pile displacement, bending moments and gap development during each load cycle, The different modes of failure that may occur as a result of cylic loading are illustrated by the method. Comparisons demonstrate that the theory reproduces the observed characteristics of pile behaviour, and is capable of providing additional information often difficult to assess during field testing. Auth.
856121 Soil improvement Hausmann, M R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P170-176. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers, 1984 Reviews the soil improvement techniques covered at major conferences between 1981 to 1984 and examines the emerging trends, including: environmental geotechnics: high-energy waste materials: low-cost building with soil; and geotextiles. A summary of papers presented to this conference are given under the topics of dewatering, grouting, reinforcement and stabilisation.
856122 Chemical grouting of dam foundations in residual laterite soils of the Darling Range, Western Australia Brett, D M; Osborne, T R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 VI, P177-182. Publ Barton: lnst of Engineers, 1984 Environmental protection measures incorporated into the construction of the Worsley Alumina Refinery. Western Australia, have included the chemical grouting of low permeability soil foundations of a major earth fill dam. Design considerations required a minimum grout curtain permeability of 0.000001ms and field trials found that a low viscosity resin grout, injected by the Tube-a-Manchette (TAM) method could achieve this. The development of grouting techniques including TAM design. grout pressure limits, refusal criteria and permeability testing method are discussed. The production phase of the work is described and final measured permeabilities are analysed. Auth.
856123 Analysis of full scale experimental reinforced embankments Brown, B S; Poulos, H G Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P183-187. Publ Barton." Inst of Engineers, 1984 A method of analysis, based on the finite element method, which allows for the elasto-plastic behaviour of the soil and bond failure between the soil and the reinforcement, is used to model the behaviour of two full scale experimental reinforced embankments, illustrating the ability of the analysis to predict the behaviour of reinforced soil up to and including collapse.
856124 Dewatering of bauxite residue storage areas Corless, B M; Gibson, S J; Glenister, D J Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P188-191. Publ Barton. lnst o[ Engineers, 1984 Two methods used to remove caustic water from decommissioned residue storage areas associated with an alumina refinery are discussed. One method consisted of an "eductor system" which utilized venturi pumps, whereas the upgraded system includes the use of windmill operated pumps drawing from a thin sand aquifer at the base of the residue deposit. The design, installation and initial operating results of the new system are discussed.
856125 Experimental cement-stabilisation in Kuwait Doshi, S N; Mesdary, M S: Guirguis, H R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P192-197. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 Results of a laboratory and field study of the application of cement-stabilised subbase and base courses to permit reduction of thickness of highly temperature-dependent asphalt pavements are reported. Results of various laboratory tests on a typical stabilised soil and for a range of cement contents are noted and their significance is discussed. Statistical relations among unconfined compressive, indirect tensile and flexural strengths of soil-cement are presented. A description of trial pavement sections, construction procedures, field monitoring of test sections during and after construction, and discussion of results are given.
T e m p o r a r y and p e r m a n e n t supports See also: 856086 856118 Construction of bored piles in weathered sedimentary rock Holden, J C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V2, P378-384. Publ Barton. Inst of Engineers, 1984 The conventional methods of constructing bored piles socketed into rock are critically examined, and various design assumptions found invalid. Rock socket designs normally involve construction-related assumptions. Factors discussed are: (1) socket dimensions', (2) expected rock materials; (3) rock disturbance caused by construction: (4) base cleanliness; (5) wall surface conditions: and (6) concrete integrity.
856119 Time-settlement behaviour of rafts of finite flexibility Small, J C Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P159-164. Publ Barton. lnst of Engineers, 1984 A method for computing the time-settlement behaviour of circular rafts of finite flexibility, resting on soil layers of finite depth. Results for the time-settlement behaviour of rafts on soil layers of various depths, as well as for the development of moment in the raft with time, are presented. Auth.
856120 Shakedown analysis of a laterally loaded pile tested in stiff clay Swane, I C; Poulos, H G Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P165-169. Publ Barton: lnst o[ Engineers. 1984 A method for analysing the cyclic behaviour of laterally loaded piles has been developed and applied to single vertical piles embedded in clay soils. The soil-pile interaction model is bilinearelasto-plastic and is based on subgrade reaction theory. Comparisons are made between the theoretical behaviour and that measured in field tests. The analysis is used to simulate the increase in pile displacement, bending moments and gap development during each load cycle, The different modes of failure that may occur as a result of cylic loading are illustrated by the method. Comparisons demonstrate that the theory reproduces the observed characteristics of pile behaviour, and is capable of providing additional information often difficult to assess during field testing. Auth.
856121 Soil improvement Hausmann, M R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P170-176. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers, 1984 Reviews the soil improvement techniques covered at major conferences between 1981 to 1984 and examines the emerging trends, including: environmental geotechnics: high-energy waste materials: low-cost building with soil; and geotextiles. A summary of papers presented to this conference are given under the topics of dewatering, grouting, reinforcement and stabilisation.
856122 Chemical grouting of dam foundations in residual laterite soils of the Darling Range, Western Australia Brett, D M; Osborne, T R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 VI, P177-182. Publ Barton: lnst of Engineers, 1984 Environmental protection measures incorporated into the construction of the Worsley Alumina Refinery. Western Australia, have included the chemical grouting of low permeability soil foundations of a major earth fill dam. Design considerations required a minimum grout curtain permeability of 0.000001ms and field trials found that a low viscosity resin grout, injected by the Tube-a-Manchette (TAM) method could achieve this. The development of grouting techniques including TAM design. grout pressure limits, refusal criteria and permeability testing method are discussed. The production phase of the work is described and final measured permeabilities are analysed. Auth.
856123 Analysis of full scale experimental reinforced embankments Brown, B S; Poulos, H G Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P183-187. Publ Barton." Inst of Engineers, 1984 A method of analysis, based on the finite element method, which allows for the elasto-plastic behaviour of the soil and bond failure between the soil and the reinforcement, is used to model the behaviour of two full scale experimental reinforced embankments, illustrating the ability of the analysis to predict the behaviour of reinforced soil up to and including collapse.
856124 Dewatering of bauxite residue storage areas Corless, B M; Gibson, S J; Glenister, D J Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P188-191. Publ Barton. lnst o[ Engineers, 1984 Two methods used to remove caustic water from decommissioned residue storage areas associated with an alumina refinery are discussed. One method consisted of an "eductor system" which utilized venturi pumps, whereas the upgraded system includes the use of windmill operated pumps drawing from a thin sand aquifer at the base of the residue deposit. The design, installation and initial operating results of the new system are discussed.
856125 Experimental cement-stabilisation in Kuwait Doshi, S N; Mesdary, M S: Guirguis, H R Proc 4th Australia-New Zealand Conference on Geomechanics, Perth, Western Australia, 14-18 May 1984 V1, P192-197. Publ Barton: Inst of Engineers. 1984 Results of a laboratory and field study of the application of cement-stabilised subbase and base courses to permit reduction of thickness of highly temperature-dependent asphalt pavements are reported. Results of various laboratory tests on a typical stabilised soil and for a range of cement contents are noted and their significance is discussed. Statistical relations among unconfined compressive, indirect tensile and flexural strengths of soil-cement are presented. A description of trial pavement sections, construction procedures, field monitoring of test sections during and after construction, and discussion of results are given.