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Solution and associated features of limestone fragments in a calcareous soil (lithic calcixeroll) from Southern France
GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS
863O04 Laboratory simulation of rock weathering b.~ salt crystallisation and hydration processes in hot, arid environments Sperling, C H B: Cooke. R U Earth Surf Process Land ;'!0. .V6. .Vm-Dec I9,';5. P541-555
Geology See also ,~63360
863001 Some techniques for measuring and interpreting ground mmement in areas underlain by dolomite bedrock Jones, D H J Inst ,91in Surr S ,4Ji" v23..v2. June 1985. P21-32 A generalised account of the geological and hydrological influences responsible for the unstable ground conditions v, hich ma~ develop in areas with a dolomitic environment.
Unpolished 3cm cubes of three carbonate rocks, one slate ,rod one sandstone v, ere subjected to salt ~eathering in the laboratory, using sodium sulphate with se',eral diurnal temperaturerelative humidity regimes. Hydration of sodium sulphate ~as seen to be an effective method of rock disintegration, but ~as significantly less effective than crystal growth pressure. Crystallisation of the hydrated salt was less destructive than that of the anhydrous salt. Rates of disintegration v,erc greatest ~ here the diurnal temperature range '.~as extreme and rclati'.e humidity low.
863005 Causes of particle-size distribution in profiles derbed from crystalline rocks, France Legros, J P; Pedro, G Geoderma V36. NI. Oct 1985, PI5-25
Tectonic processes and structural geology 863002 Fault tectonics and deformation: a method of quantification using field data Gauthier, B; Angelier, J Earth Planet Sci Left [74..VI..f~tnc ]O,~5. P137-148 A new method lk',r analysing fault populations in terms of infinitesimal strain is discussed, ~hich was tested using accurate fault slip data collected in two superposed levels of coal mines of the Lorraine Basin, France. Results show that within a major tilted block, the average deformation corresponds to E-W extension with a total factor o[" extension of 1.03, which is in good agreement with independent estimates.
Particle size distributions of horizons of 600 profiles dcri~ed from crystalline rocks were plotted on right-angled texture triangles. Points representing horizons ~ithin the same prol-ilc were connected and the resultant cur'.es, called particle displacement paths, demonstrate that only a small number of types of such paths are common and distinctive. The types are related for the most part to kinds of soils, although source rocks also affect particle size distribution. Computer models constructed on the basis of the evolution of particle size distribution indicate that fragmentation and dissolution probably play an important role in the textural differentiation of the profiles. Auth.
863006 Solution and associated features of limestone fragments in a calcareous soil (lithic calcixeroll) from Southern France Verges, V Geoderma V36. N2. .Vof 1985. P109-122
Environmental effects, weathering and soil formation 863O03 Preliminary scanning electron microscope study of honeycomb ~eathering of sandstone in a coastal environment McGreevy. J P Earth Surf Land Process ['10..\5. Sept-Oct 1985, P509-518 Carboniferous sandstone from a coastal site in Northern Ireland. which sho~s the phenomenon of honeycomb weathering. has been examined by x-ray diffraction, energ', dispersive spectrometry and scanning electron microscop',. The only salt found was gypsum, and only immediately below the rock surface. SEN/ examination suggests that granular disintegration could be promoted by the crvstallisation of salts in pores, and etching of quartz grain surfaces attests to chemical weathering activity ~ithin the rock. No explanation of the honeycomb pattern can be found.
A calcareous soil from Mount Ventoux, France. derived from hard and pure limestone, has been studied in the laboratory using SEM, EPMA and ERD. The microstructure obser',ed may best be explained by the action of soiI microrganisms. It is suggested that biological interventions may constitute an effective weathering agent in some soils deri~ed from hard limestone parent rock in a Mediterranean en'.ironment.
863007 Inheritance of soil fabric from joints in the parent rock Hart. D M: Hesse. P P: Mitchell, P B J Soil Sei l,'36. N3, Sept 1995, P36--3"2 The origins of ped faces in soils ha',e prevlousl? been attributed to stress or wetting histories or the activities of organisms. Macro scale examination of soils formed from dolerite and shale in Australia showed the orientation of ped faces to
1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted 77A
863O04 Laboratory simulation of rock weathering b.~ salt crystallisation and hydration processes in hot, arid environments Sperling, C H B: Cooke. R U Earth Surf Process Land ;'!0. .V6. .Vm-Dec I9,';5. P541-555
Geology See also ,~63360
863001 Some techniques for measuring and interpreting ground mmement in areas underlain by dolomite bedrock Jones, D H J Inst ,91in Surr S ,4Ji" v23..v2. June 1985. P21-32 A generalised account of the geological and hydrological influences responsible for the unstable ground conditions v, hich ma~ develop in areas with a dolomitic environment.
Unpolished 3cm cubes of three carbonate rocks, one slate ,rod one sandstone v, ere subjected to salt ~eathering in the laboratory, using sodium sulphate with se',eral diurnal temperaturerelative humidity regimes. Hydration of sodium sulphate ~as seen to be an effective method of rock disintegration, but ~as significantly less effective than crystal growth pressure. Crystallisation of the hydrated salt was less destructive than that of the anhydrous salt. Rates of disintegration v,erc greatest ~ here the diurnal temperature range '.~as extreme and rclati'.e humidity low.
863005 Causes of particle-size distribution in profiles derbed from crystalline rocks, France Legros, J P; Pedro, G Geoderma V36. NI. Oct 1985, PI5-25
Tectonic processes and structural geology 863002 Fault tectonics and deformation: a method of quantification using field data Gauthier, B; Angelier, J Earth Planet Sci Left [74..VI..f~tnc ]O,~5. P137-148 A new method lk',r analysing fault populations in terms of infinitesimal strain is discussed, ~hich was tested using accurate fault slip data collected in two superposed levels of coal mines of the Lorraine Basin, France. Results show that within a major tilted block, the average deformation corresponds to E-W extension with a total factor o[" extension of 1.03, which is in good agreement with independent estimates.
Particle size distributions of horizons of 600 profiles dcri~ed from crystalline rocks were plotted on right-angled texture triangles. Points representing horizons ~ithin the same prol-ilc were connected and the resultant cur'.es, called particle displacement paths, demonstrate that only a small number of types of such paths are common and distinctive. The types are related for the most part to kinds of soils, although source rocks also affect particle size distribution. Computer models constructed on the basis of the evolution of particle size distribution indicate that fragmentation and dissolution probably play an important role in the textural differentiation of the profiles. Auth.
863006 Solution and associated features of limestone fragments in a calcareous soil (lithic calcixeroll) from Southern France Verges, V Geoderma V36. N2. .Vof 1985. P109-122
Environmental effects, weathering and soil formation 863O03 Preliminary scanning electron microscope study of honeycomb ~eathering of sandstone in a coastal environment McGreevy. J P Earth Surf Land Process ['10..\5. Sept-Oct 1985, P509-518 Carboniferous sandstone from a coastal site in Northern Ireland. which sho~s the phenomenon of honeycomb weathering. has been examined by x-ray diffraction, energ', dispersive spectrometry and scanning electron microscop',. The only salt found was gypsum, and only immediately below the rock surface. SEN/ examination suggests that granular disintegration could be promoted by the crvstallisation of salts in pores, and etching of quartz grain surfaces attests to chemical weathering activity ~ithin the rock. No explanation of the honeycomb pattern can be found.
A calcareous soil from Mount Ventoux, France. derived from hard and pure limestone, has been studied in the laboratory using SEM, EPMA and ERD. The microstructure obser',ed may best be explained by the action of soiI microrganisms. It is suggested that biological interventions may constitute an effective weathering agent in some soils deri~ed from hard limestone parent rock in a Mediterranean en'.ironment.
863007 Inheritance of soil fabric from joints in the parent rock Hart. D M: Hesse. P P: Mitchell, P B J Soil Sei l,'36. N3, Sept 1995, P36--3"2 The origins of ped faces in soils ha',e prevlousl? been attributed to stress or wetting histories or the activities of organisms. Macro scale examination of soils formed from dolerite and shale in Australia showed the orientation of ped faces to
1986 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted 77A