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Some recent improvements in oil well drilling technology
180.&
Rock Breakage and Excavation
884211 Green Canyon drilling - 1. Research, well monitoring focus on gumbo problem Palumbo, S: Hawkins. C D: Riley, S M: Williams. G J Oil Gas J VSO. .VI. 4 Jan 1988. P35-39
884208 Tunnel excavation by combination of static demolisher with slit cut drilling Fukuda, K: Kumasaka, H: Ohara. Y: lshijima. Y Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 VI. P625-628. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987
Problems arose in the Gulf of Mexico when drilling through highly reactive expans.ve shales (gumbo) with a high total clay content. Oil muds were ruled out on cost and environmental grounds. A long term research program developed a mud which enables drilling time and costs to be cut whilst producing in gauge, stable boreholes
To minimise damage in tunnelling, conventional explosives may be replaced by the static demolisher, an expansive cement which is injected into drillholes as a slurry, and fractures the rock in a stable manner as it hardens and expands. Pressures up to 70MPa may be achieved. Where this is insufficient, slit cut drilling stress relief is used as an aid to excavation. Tunnelling by this method is examined first on a fracture mechanics basis, then using results of laboratory and field tests.
Rock fracture under dynamic stresses 8842O9 Dynamic rock fragmentation Grady, D E; Kipp, M E In: Fracture A[echanics of Rock, edited by B K Atkinson P429-475. Publ Lomlon: Academic Press. 1987 The concept of dynamic fracture is first examined and related to inherent flaw concepts and strength properties of a single crack subjected to stress wave loading. Fragmentation is next considered, with the material and loading conditions which influence the number of fractures taking part in the fracture process, and statistical prediction of particle size distribution being examined. Finally, continuum modelling of dynamic fracture and fragmentation is discussed. Examples of field applications referred to include in situ oil shale blasting, rock cratering and well shooting.
Drilling
884212 Green Canyon drilling - conclusion. Drilling proves KLM system well-suited for Gulf of Mexico's Green Canyon Palumbo. S: Hawkins. C D. Riley, S M; Williams, G J Oil Gas J V86. N2. II Jan 1988. P70-72 The advantages of the use of a KLM mud in the Green Canyon geology are presented. Drilling operations, mud chemistry, and results are described. Excellent wellbore stability was maintained despite reactive shales and salt stringers being encountered. Nonproductive time and mud costs were low. 884213 Penetration rate prediction in percussive drilling Bernaola, J: Ramirez Oyanguren, P Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-lO Sept 1987 VI. P595-598. Publ Rotterdam." A ,4 Balkema. 1987 From simple theoretical considerations, the penetration rate in percussive drilling with cross bits can be predicted as a function of drill percussion power, hole diameter, and bit cutting edge length. A relation between predicted penetration rate and laboratory measured drillability index is derived on the basis of laboratory tests on 20 different rocks. 884214 Some recent improvements in oil well drilling technology Brighenti, G; Mesini, E Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-lO Sept 1987 VI. P605-610. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987 Rock cutting mechanisms for rotary drilling and bit selection criteria - cost, penetration rate, down time, skill level - are briefly examined. Particular attention is paid to PDC and extended nozzle drill bits, which have advantages over conventional roller or milled teeth bits in soft to medium rock.
884210 Drilling and construction methods Charalambous, A N; Simpson. R W; Williams, J D; Simpson, M In: Groundwater: occurrence, development and protection, edited by T W Brandon (Water Practice Manuals: 5) P437484. Publ London: Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists. 1986
884215 Destructibility of rocks with rotary drill bits (In French) Brych. J; Nsenga, N; Xiao Shah Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 VI, P611-616. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987
The range of drilling methods available is discussed, with particular emphasis on cable-tool (percussion), rotary and air drilling, and the use of the main 3 methods compared. The influence of drilling method, skill of the driller, and strata on verticality of boreholes is discussed. Well development methods to alter the conditions around the completed bore to allow the most effective inflow of water, eg acid injection, chemical treatment, air-lifting, are presented. A brief description of typical installations and site procedure for test pumping is included.
To better understand rotary drilling, a series of tests was carned out on rock like materials, using rotary, large diameter rotary, and turbodrilling large diameter rotary drill rigs and bits of different designs. Cutting mechanisms were studied theoretically. Tensile and punch strength were found to be the most significant rock mechanical parameters. Excellent correlation was found between cutting force, bit design parameters and punch strength, which could be determined in the laboratory with a specially designed computer controlled test apparatus.
!7 1988 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted
Rock Breakage and Excavation
884211 Green Canyon drilling - 1. Research, well monitoring focus on gumbo problem Palumbo, S: Hawkins. C D: Riley, S M: Williams. G J Oil Gas J VSO. .VI. 4 Jan 1988. P35-39
884208 Tunnel excavation by combination of static demolisher with slit cut drilling Fukuda, K: Kumasaka, H: Ohara. Y: lshijima. Y Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 VI. P625-628. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987
Problems arose in the Gulf of Mexico when drilling through highly reactive expans.ve shales (gumbo) with a high total clay content. Oil muds were ruled out on cost and environmental grounds. A long term research program developed a mud which enables drilling time and costs to be cut whilst producing in gauge, stable boreholes
To minimise damage in tunnelling, conventional explosives may be replaced by the static demolisher, an expansive cement which is injected into drillholes as a slurry, and fractures the rock in a stable manner as it hardens and expands. Pressures up to 70MPa may be achieved. Where this is insufficient, slit cut drilling stress relief is used as an aid to excavation. Tunnelling by this method is examined first on a fracture mechanics basis, then using results of laboratory and field tests.
Rock fracture under dynamic stresses 8842O9 Dynamic rock fragmentation Grady, D E; Kipp, M E In: Fracture A[echanics of Rock, edited by B K Atkinson P429-475. Publ Lomlon: Academic Press. 1987 The concept of dynamic fracture is first examined and related to inherent flaw concepts and strength properties of a single crack subjected to stress wave loading. Fragmentation is next considered, with the material and loading conditions which influence the number of fractures taking part in the fracture process, and statistical prediction of particle size distribution being examined. Finally, continuum modelling of dynamic fracture and fragmentation is discussed. Examples of field applications referred to include in situ oil shale blasting, rock cratering and well shooting.
Drilling
884212 Green Canyon drilling - conclusion. Drilling proves KLM system well-suited for Gulf of Mexico's Green Canyon Palumbo. S: Hawkins. C D. Riley, S M; Williams, G J Oil Gas J V86. N2. II Jan 1988. P70-72 The advantages of the use of a KLM mud in the Green Canyon geology are presented. Drilling operations, mud chemistry, and results are described. Excellent wellbore stability was maintained despite reactive shales and salt stringers being encountered. Nonproductive time and mud costs were low. 884213 Penetration rate prediction in percussive drilling Bernaola, J: Ramirez Oyanguren, P Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-lO Sept 1987 VI. P595-598. Publ Rotterdam." A ,4 Balkema. 1987 From simple theoretical considerations, the penetration rate in percussive drilling with cross bits can be predicted as a function of drill percussion power, hole diameter, and bit cutting edge length. A relation between predicted penetration rate and laboratory measured drillability index is derived on the basis of laboratory tests on 20 different rocks. 884214 Some recent improvements in oil well drilling technology Brighenti, G; Mesini, E Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-lO Sept 1987 VI. P605-610. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987 Rock cutting mechanisms for rotary drilling and bit selection criteria - cost, penetration rate, down time, skill level - are briefly examined. Particular attention is paid to PDC and extended nozzle drill bits, which have advantages over conventional roller or milled teeth bits in soft to medium rock.
884210 Drilling and construction methods Charalambous, A N; Simpson. R W; Williams, J D; Simpson, M In: Groundwater: occurrence, development and protection, edited by T W Brandon (Water Practice Manuals: 5) P437484. Publ London: Institution of Water Engineers and Scientists. 1986
884215 Destructibility of rocks with rotary drill bits (In French) Brych. J; Nsenga, N; Xiao Shah Proc 6th International Conference on Rock Mechanics, Montreal, 30 Aug-10 Sept 1987 VI, P611-616. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1987
The range of drilling methods available is discussed, with particular emphasis on cable-tool (percussion), rotary and air drilling, and the use of the main 3 methods compared. The influence of drilling method, skill of the driller, and strata on verticality of boreholes is discussed. Well development methods to alter the conditions around the completed bore to allow the most effective inflow of water, eg acid injection, chemical treatment, air-lifting, are presented. A brief description of typical installations and site procedure for test pumping is included.
To better understand rotary drilling, a series of tests was carned out on rock like materials, using rotary, large diameter rotary, and turbodrilling large diameter rotary drill rigs and bits of different designs. Cutting mechanisms were studied theoretically. Tensile and punch strength were found to be the most significant rock mechanical parameters. Excellent correlation was found between cutting force, bit design parameters and punch strength, which could be determined in the laboratory with a specially designed computer controlled test apparatus.
!7 1988 Pergamon Press plc. Reproduction not permitted