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Special report on aerospace materials
Abstracts of journals Compiled by Dr H. A. Barker, I. Boll, B. Gill and R. Warren.
GENERA L Special report on aerospace materials (Various authors). Aviation Week &
Space Technology (January 1976)p 26 This issue is devoted to materials application in aerospace with review articles on reinforcing media, matrices and eutectics and indications of the effort being put into these areas by the major funding agencies. The use of composites of carbon fibre, carbon and Kevlar fibres in epoxy resins and boron/ aluminium materials for weight saving and therefore for fuel economy is well illustrated. The last article is of particular importance as it anticipates the design of all-composite fighter aircraft by the mid-1980's. Development to this end is centred on the Northrop F18 Navy air combat fighter which it is hoped will incorporate a graphite/ epoxy composite forward section as well as retaining wing extensions, and edge flaps, speed brake panels and hatch ways already in these materials.
Composites News Anon. Materials Engineering (February 1976) p 60 Short paragraphs on composite applications and developments are presented. Of particular interest are an epoxy/graphite speed brake for the USAF F-15 fighter and a method of protecting boron carbide/graphite composite with chemical vapour deposited silicon carbide. Potential applications of this material are in re-entry vehicles and rocket nozzles where high temperature and corrosive conditions prevail.
Composites taking on new dimensions in aircraft Houston, A.M. Materials Engineering
(April 1976) p 26 A number of experimental programmes
118
on the combination of different materials as composites are reviewed. Current areas of American interest in materials such as polysulphone with graphite and aramid fibres, polyimides and metal matrix composites are reviewed with reference to the major project agencies and aircraft manufacturers.
way dominate the flow stress in the range 0.3-0.7 Trfi (where Tm is the melting point of the matrix in °K).
RESIN MA TRICES Organic fibres strengthen silicone Anon. Materials Engineering (July
METAL MA TRICES Fibre reinforcement of metals and alloys Morley, J.G. International Metals
Reviews Vo121 (September 1976) p 153 The development of the science and technology of fibre-reinforced metals is outlined with examples from the fields of ceramic fibre, carbon fibre and boron fibre-reinforced metals and from in situ or eutectic composites. The new type of engineering composite structure such as aircraft control surfaces are discussed but it is concluded that the lack of a mechanism equivalent to work hardening in metals is hindering the more wide spread application of metal matrix composites.
Diffusion controlled deformation of particulate composites Edwards, G.R., McNelley, T.R. and Sherby, O.D. Philosophical Magazine Vo132 No 6 (December 1975) p 1245 The mechanical properties at elevated temperatures of fine grained (1-3 gin) zinc based composites containing high volume fractions (0.05 to 0.30) of alumina or tungsten powders (*0.3 #m and *1.0 ~tm dia respectively) were studied. Assuming that above a threshold stress dispersoid particles act as dislocation sources it is shown that dislocations generated in this
19 76) p 31 Small organic fibres dispersed in a liquid silicone matrix during in situ polymerization are used to produce encapsulating agents which combine low temperature flexibility and high tear strength. The first series has been based on acrylic ester but the potential of acrylointrile and ethyl vinyl acetate will be developed to utilise the oil resistance and flexibility of these matrices. The physical properties and curing characteristics of the new resins and its competitors are tabulated.
Moisture diffusion in fibre-reinforced plastics McKague, E.L., Reylands, J.D., and Halkias, J.E. Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology (Trans ASME) Vo198 series H, No I p 92 Laminates of graphite-reinforced epoxy were subjected to difference combinations of temperature and relative humidity to determine the rate of moisture diffusion. It is shown that three material properties determine the limits of moisture absorption, one being the moisture absorbed at a given atmospheric humidity and the other two the permeability index and the activation energy for diffusion. For one of the composites examined the rates of absorption and desorption of moisture can be represented by a non linear model based on Fiche's second law.
COMPOSITES. APRIL 1977
GENERA L Special report on aerospace materials (Various authors). Aviation Week &
Space Technology (January 1976)p 26 This issue is devoted to materials application in aerospace with review articles on reinforcing media, matrices and eutectics and indications of the effort being put into these areas by the major funding agencies. The use of composites of carbon fibre, carbon and Kevlar fibres in epoxy resins and boron/ aluminium materials for weight saving and therefore for fuel economy is well illustrated. The last article is of particular importance as it anticipates the design of all-composite fighter aircraft by the mid-1980's. Development to this end is centred on the Northrop F18 Navy air combat fighter which it is hoped will incorporate a graphite/ epoxy composite forward section as well as retaining wing extensions, and edge flaps, speed brake panels and hatch ways already in these materials.
Composites News Anon. Materials Engineering (February 1976) p 60 Short paragraphs on composite applications and developments are presented. Of particular interest are an epoxy/graphite speed brake for the USAF F-15 fighter and a method of protecting boron carbide/graphite composite with chemical vapour deposited silicon carbide. Potential applications of this material are in re-entry vehicles and rocket nozzles where high temperature and corrosive conditions prevail.
Composites taking on new dimensions in aircraft Houston, A.M. Materials Engineering
(April 1976) p 26 A number of experimental programmes
118
on the combination of different materials as composites are reviewed. Current areas of American interest in materials such as polysulphone with graphite and aramid fibres, polyimides and metal matrix composites are reviewed with reference to the major project agencies and aircraft manufacturers.
way dominate the flow stress in the range 0.3-0.7 Trfi (where Tm is the melting point of the matrix in °K).
RESIN MA TRICES Organic fibres strengthen silicone Anon. Materials Engineering (July
METAL MA TRICES Fibre reinforcement of metals and alloys Morley, J.G. International Metals
Reviews Vo121 (September 1976) p 153 The development of the science and technology of fibre-reinforced metals is outlined with examples from the fields of ceramic fibre, carbon fibre and boron fibre-reinforced metals and from in situ or eutectic composites. The new type of engineering composite structure such as aircraft control surfaces are discussed but it is concluded that the lack of a mechanism equivalent to work hardening in metals is hindering the more wide spread application of metal matrix composites.
Diffusion controlled deformation of particulate composites Edwards, G.R., McNelley, T.R. and Sherby, O.D. Philosophical Magazine Vo132 No 6 (December 1975) p 1245 The mechanical properties at elevated temperatures of fine grained (1-3 gin) zinc based composites containing high volume fractions (0.05 to 0.30) of alumina or tungsten powders (*0.3 #m and *1.0 ~tm dia respectively) were studied. Assuming that above a threshold stress dispersoid particles act as dislocation sources it is shown that dislocations generated in this
19 76) p 31 Small organic fibres dispersed in a liquid silicone matrix during in situ polymerization are used to produce encapsulating agents which combine low temperature flexibility and high tear strength. The first series has been based on acrylic ester but the potential of acrylointrile and ethyl vinyl acetate will be developed to utilise the oil resistance and flexibility of these matrices. The physical properties and curing characteristics of the new resins and its competitors are tabulated.
Moisture diffusion in fibre-reinforced plastics McKague, E.L., Reylands, J.D., and Halkias, J.E. Journal of Engineering Materials & Technology (Trans ASME) Vo198 series H, No I p 92 Laminates of graphite-reinforced epoxy were subjected to difference combinations of temperature and relative humidity to determine the rate of moisture diffusion. It is shown that three material properties determine the limits of moisture absorption, one being the moisture absorbed at a given atmospheric humidity and the other two the permeability index and the activation energy for diffusion. For one of the composites examined the rates of absorption and desorption of moisture can be represented by a non linear model based on Fiche's second law.
COMPOSITES. APRIL 1977