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Spectrochemical determination of magnesium, chromium, nickel, copper and zinc in human plasma
1 (1956)
VOL.
CLISICA
SPECTROCHEMICAL CHROMIUM,
NICKEL,
CHIMICA
577
ACTA
DETERMINATION
OF MAGNESIUM,
COPPER AND ZINC IN HUMAN
PLASMA
b\ RICCARDO
HIS.1SHI
hIOSACELLI*, Pvatt
Trace Amzlysis
University
TXSAKA**
Laboratory,
of Virgilaia,
AND JOHX
Department
Charlottesaille,
of
H. YOE
Chemistry,
Va. (C.S.A
.)
The purpose of this investigation was to develop a spectrochemical procedure for the determination of the following elements in human plasma: magnesium, chromium, nickel, copper and zinc. It is part of a long-range study of the trace element content of human blood being conducted in co-operation with the Hematology Laboratory of the University of Virginia School of Medicine. APPARATCS
Spectrografih. Applied
Research Laboratories z-meter grating spectrograph, mooptics and ignitor I. source. Applied Research Laboratories rectifier unit, 0-15 amperes
dified with exterior Excitation
direct current. Densitometer. Applied
Research
Laboratories
film projection
comparator-densito-
meter. Calculating equipment. A calculating
readings
to intensity
board was employed to convert ratios by means of the film calibration curve.
densitometer
REAGESTS
Hydrochloric
Reagent grade. Qualitative spectroacid. Baker and Adamson. showed the acid to be free of the elements to be determined. Xitric acid. Baker and Adamson. Reagent grade. The acid was distilled in an allPyrex distilling apparatus. Hydrogen peroxide, 30%. Fisher certified reagent. .Sodi~~ hepark, solid salt. USP, Organon Inc., Orange, K. J.. Qualitative spectrochemical analysis of a sample showed it to be free of the metals to be determined. Tviply distilled zlater. Laboratory distilled water was passed through an exchange resin column (Dowex-50 x rz; 50-100 mesh) and then distilled twice more from two glass stills in series and automatically controlled. The second still was fitted with a fused silica condenser tube and the water was collected and stored in polyethylene bottles.
graphic
analysis
ESPERIBIENTAL A4.
Cleaning procedure
All apparatus coming the following manner:
in contact
* Present address: Instituto ** Kyoto,
I’resent Japan.
I
,jX2
address:
Medical
with the plasma
Supermrc Faculty,
di SanitB. Vi& J’lxmnaceutical
samples
should bc cleaned
Kegina Elena Department,
in
299. Rome, Italy. Kyoto Vniyersit!-.
R. &fONACELLI,H. TANAKA, J. H. YOE
578
VOL. 1 (1956)
(I) Wash well with detergent and water using a test tube brush for scrubbing. (2) Soak in a cleaning solution for at least half an hour. The cleaning solution is a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid; better to use hot nitric acid. (3) Rinse with tap water: then rinse six times with distilled water. (4) Rinse with triply distilled water. B. Preparation
of the savnple
It is necessary to draw the blood from the donor in a very careful manner in order to avoid contamination. The sample is drawn as described by THIERS, WILLIA~IS AND YOE 2 in their work on cobalt, using a 50 milliliter hypodermic syringe, fitted with a special platinum-ruthenium alloy needle (J. Bishop and Co., Platinum Works, Malvern, Pa.). Before using, the needle is cleaned in the same manner as in washing glassware, with the exception that it is immersed in cleaning solution for only 20 or 30 seconds. The clean syringe and needle are then placed in glass jackets and sterilized by heating them in an oven at 180” C overnight. One and one-half milligrams of sodium heparin are added to the chamber of the syringe in order to prevent coagulation of the sample during drawing. The plasma is obtained by centrifugation in a polyethylene C. Digestion
bottle
and the sample is kept under refrigeration.
of the sam@e
Many reagents for wet ashing are available. Their advantages and disadvantages are well demonstrated in an extensive study by MIDDLETON AND STUCKEY 3 and by SMITH and co-workers 4. We found that the use of nitric acid and 3o”/b hydrogen peroxide gave us the best reproducible results. The procedure for digesting plasma, which can be applied also to red cells and whole blood, is as follows: (I) Take from the polyethylene bottle used for storage between 8 and IO grams of plasma and pour into a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask (3 to 3.5 g for red cells and whole blood).
(2) Add z ml of nitric acid, previously distilled in order to eliminate possible contamination, and 0.5 ml of hydrogen peroxide and heat on a hot-plate to slightly below the boiling point of the solution. When the material has reached a syrupy stage, the evolution of heavy brown vapor starts and the temperature is lowered in order In fact, as MIDDLETOS AND STUCKEY 3 pointed out, to avoid a sudden “self-ignition”. the temperature obtained locally for a short period is obviously quite high as indicated by bright “hot-spots” and it is to be expected that such a vigorous reaction might lead to loss of some metals. After this reaction subsides the black residue is left on the hot-plate, the temperature is raised, and the residue is brought to complete dryness. (3) Place the flask in a muffle at 350” C overnight. (4) Allow the flask to cool and add I ml of nitric acid. Put the mixture on the hot-plate and let it boil slowly to dryness. This operation is repeated once more. (5) After cooling, boiled to dryness. (6) Add the internal flask. References
f~. .jSz
I ml of hydrochloric standard
acid is added to the mixture
and again
to the residue and make up to 5 ml in a volumetric
D. A salytical
procedure
Preparation of the standard sample : standard samples are prepared by dissolving spectrugraphically pure compounds of the elements under investigation” Prqbavation of the sample; A 0.2 ml portion of the diluted sample is transferred with a syringe to a graphite electrode. Four such electrodes are made up for each sample. The electrodes are then dried under an infrared lamp for ten minutes. ~~~ct~~~~ spkws; The electrodes are prepared from graphite rods, special high purity, & inch in diameter and ale free from the elements to be determined. The electrodes are cut into one-inch lengths. An electrode such as described and containing the sample or a standard is lower and negative. The upper and counter electrode is a & inch graphite rod. The gap between the electrodes is 4 mm. An.a&icaE lines, all in the second order. Elements
Analytical lines
Mg Cr Ni cu Zn
2795.53 4254.34 34X4.76 3247.54 2138.56
Internal standard lines MO 2816.15 Mo 3798.25 MO 2816,x5 MO
3170.35
MO 2816.15
~X~~S~~~C~~~~~~~~~. Spectral region Slit .width Arc preburn period Arc exposure period PkotografAic
4260 to 8600 A 0.03 mm none 25 seconds.
@messing.
Emulsion Development Fixing Washing
SA No. 2 and No, I film Eastman D rg for 5 minutes Eastman rapid fixing for 5 minutes Special washing for 10 minutes. RESULTS
OF AXALYSES
values for normal human plasma are : magnesium, zq y jg ; chromium, o.rS y/g; nickel, 0.04 y/g; copper, 1.2 y/g; and zinc 1.3 y/g. These values plus the ranges are given in Table I, together with those reported in the literature. For the sake of easy comparison all results are given in micrograms per gram, i.e., parts per million, As a control on the reproducibility of our results a series of synthetic samples containing all five elements was used. The results are shown in Table II. The coefficient of variation, Y, was calculated as follows: Our awverage
where : C = average concentration in y/g. d = difference of the determination n = number of determination. Referertccs p. j8z
from the mean.
R. MONACELLI,
580
H. TANAKA,
TABLE
VOL.
J. H. YOE
1 (1956)
I
VALUESFORMAGNESIUM,CHROMIUM,NICKEL,COPPERAND
ZINCINHUMAN
PLASMA
Content, y/g
Range, YIS
Method
Investigator
Magnesium
24 22.7
IO-42 IF-25 32.3-37.3 17-29
Spectrochemical Calorimetric Chromatographic
MONACELLI, TANAKA AND YOE ORANGE 6 SEILER 6
Chromium
0.18 0.02
Spectrochemical Spectrochemical
MONACELLLTANAKA KOCH et al.8
AND
YOE
Nickel
0.04 0.03 O.OI2
0.01-0.06 0.01-0.085
Spectrochemical Spectrochemical Calorimetric
MONACELLI,TANAKA KOCH et aLa CLUETT~
AND
YOE
I.2
1.0-2.1
Spectrochemical
YOE
0.87-1.61 0.67-1.3 0.65-1.35
Calorimetric Spectrochemical Calorimetric
MONACELLI, TANAKA DAUM lo CARTWRIGHT~~ KOCH et a1.8 Ibid.
AND
0.77 * 0.35 I.I 0.92 * 0.19 0.98 & 0.12
0.6-2.3 0.72-1.6
Spectrochemical Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric
MONACELLI, TANAKA AND BERFENSTAM'~ HOCH~~ WOLFF~~ VALEE AND GIVSON~~ Ibid. WOLFFI' Ibid. VIKBLADHI~ Ibid.
YOE
Element
Copper
I.3 I.I3
Zinc
HALD
0.08-0.3 0.007-0.5
2.4 + 0.45 I.40-2.00 M F
3.90 3.10
M F M F M F
I.97 I.94 1.28 1.23 I.2I I.Ig
I.*o-1r.40 I.*@-IO.10 1.37-2.84 1.41-2.72 0.84-1.57 0.88-1.63 0.32-1.70 0.7g-I.50
TABLE DATAON
Sample No.
Element
References p. $2
Quantity added Y/6
Quantity recovered Yl&-
20
21
30 40
31.5 41.4
0.2
0.18
0.3 0.4
0.33 0.38
Nickel 2, 1,
0.03 0.04 0.05
0.025
Copper ,I
1.0 1.25 I .40
I.04 I.29
1.0
0.92 I.25 1.46
Zinc 3
II
Chromium I> I>
3
2
KOCH et al.s Ibid.
CONTROLSAMPLES
Magnesium I,
2
et aL7
1.3 1.5
0.037 0.05
I.45
VOL. 1
(1956) SPECTROCHEMICAL
DETERMINATION
TABLE
OF METALS IN PLASMA
III
DATA ON PRECISIONOF
METHOD
Number of determinations
Average conrentration in ylg
Element
Magnesium Chromium Nickel copper
1.60
24 0.18
25 25
0.13
0.04 I.2
1.3
Zinc
581
0.45
I2
1.16
22
1.32
14
SUMMARY
Procedures are presented for the collection and digestion of human plasma for the spectrochemical determination of Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn. Data on the precision of the method are given, Values found for the five metals are compared with those given in the literature. The procedure for digesting plasma can be applied. also to red cells and whole blood.
Des methodes sont proposees pour la preparation et le traitement de plasma humain, en vue d’un dosage spectrochimique des elements suivants: Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu et Zn. La precision obtenue par ce procede est donnee. Les resultats trouves pour ces 5 metaux compares avec ceux signal& dans la litterature. Le mode operatoire decrit pour la mineralisation du plasma peut Ctre applique Cgalement aux globules rouges et au sang total. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Verfahren werden vorgeschlagen, mittels derer menschliches Plasma, dessen Gehalt an Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu und Zn spektrochemisch bestimmt werden ~011,gesammelt und vorbehandelt werden kann. Es werden such Angaben iiber die Genauigkeit der Methode mitgeteilt. Die fur die ftinf Metalle gefundenen Werte werden mit denen der Literatur verglichen. Das Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung des Plasmas kann such auf rote Blutkorperchen und auf Gesamtblut angewendet werden.
PE3IOME npe,Z$&aI’aeTCii ~oro 3TOrO mm4
MeTOLl
onpe4eAemn MeTOAa. B
3HaWHUK,
nnTepa-rype
@IUCbIBaeMbI* KpOBRHbIM
c6opa Ii
MarHuB,
TeAaM
HUKeAq
Ha&ZJeHHbIe
WAOBeW.?CKOii
nAa3MbI
Medu
U GuHKa.
3TUX
IIKTU
MeTaMOB
IIAa3MbI
MOXET
TaK)KC
&lX
rIpU~o~fmc51
&As
CIIeKTpOXUMWIeC-
+qaUHbIe
CpaBHUBaIOTCK
0 TOYHOCTU C UMCIOQJU-
~aHHb1bni.
npOJ,JeCC U
HaCTaHBaHUK
xpobfa,
KO
OTCTaUBaHUK
BCeii
KpOBU.
6bITb
IIpUMeHW
K KpaCHbIM
582
K. MOXACELLI,
H. TAIiAKA, J. H. YOE
VOL.
1 (1956)
REFERENCES I R. E. THIERS AND J. H. XTOE, Sot. *4ppl.SpeclvoscopyBull.,.j (1951) 8. 2 R. E. BIERS, J. F. WILLIAMS AND J, H. TOE, _4nal.Chem., 27 (1955) IT.?j. 3 G. MIDDLETON AND R. E. STUCKEY, drzalyst, 78 (1953) 532. 4 I.L. SMITH, E. YEAGER, S. KAUFMAN, 17. I_(OVORKA AXD T. D. KINNEY,.~~@. .!$ectroscopy, 9 (1955) 167. 5 M. ORANGE, J. Rid. Chews., 189 (1951) 379. 6 H. SEILER, Helv. Chim. Acta, 35 (1952) 2483. 7 P. M. HALD, A. J. HEIXSEX AND J. P. I'BTERS,J, UioE.Chem., x1-8 (1937) 27.5. 8 H. J. KOCH, Jr.,E. R. SMITH, S. F. SHIMPAND J. CONNER,C~NXV, 9 (1956) 499. 9 M. L. CLUETT, Pit.D. I)issertatio~t, University of Virginia, 1956. IO S. DAUM, HioE. LisfJJ, 30 (1949) 7. II G. E. CARTU'RIGHT,~~ W.D.MCELROY AND B. GLASS,CO@?Y ~~~etuboZ~s~~, 'TheJohns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, 1950. 12 L. UERFENSTRAM, UpsaEa L~ka~e~~ye~. FSrh., 13 F. L. Hoc~r, J. Biot. Chem., r& (1949) 295. ‘4 H. ‘CVOLFF,filin.Wochschr., 29 (1951) 316.
54 (x949) 349.
15 1. VIKBLADH, Scand. J. Clin. &Lab. Invest., 2 (1950) 143. 16 B. L. VALLEE AND J. G. GIVSON,J.R~OZ. Chem.,176 (1948) 445. 17 H. WOLFF, Del&t. Arch. klilz. Med., 197 (1950) 263.
Received
November
6th, 1956
VOL.
CLISICA
SPECTROCHEMICAL CHROMIUM,
NICKEL,
CHIMICA
577
ACTA
DETERMINATION
OF MAGNESIUM,
COPPER AND ZINC IN HUMAN
PLASMA
b\ RICCARDO
HIS.1SHI
hIOSACELLI*, Pvatt
Trace Amzlysis
University
TXSAKA**
Laboratory,
of Virgilaia,
AND JOHX
Department
Charlottesaille,
of
H. YOE
Chemistry,
Va. (C.S.A
.)
The purpose of this investigation was to develop a spectrochemical procedure for the determination of the following elements in human plasma: magnesium, chromium, nickel, copper and zinc. It is part of a long-range study of the trace element content of human blood being conducted in co-operation with the Hematology Laboratory of the University of Virginia School of Medicine. APPARATCS
Spectrografih. Applied
Research Laboratories z-meter grating spectrograph, mooptics and ignitor I. source. Applied Research Laboratories rectifier unit, 0-15 amperes
dified with exterior Excitation
direct current. Densitometer. Applied
Research
Laboratories
film projection
comparator-densito-
meter. Calculating equipment. A calculating
readings
to intensity
board was employed to convert ratios by means of the film calibration curve.
densitometer
REAGESTS
Hydrochloric
Reagent grade. Qualitative spectroacid. Baker and Adamson. showed the acid to be free of the elements to be determined. Xitric acid. Baker and Adamson. Reagent grade. The acid was distilled in an allPyrex distilling apparatus. Hydrogen peroxide, 30%. Fisher certified reagent. .Sodi~~ hepark, solid salt. USP, Organon Inc., Orange, K. J.. Qualitative spectrochemical analysis of a sample showed it to be free of the metals to be determined. Tviply distilled zlater. Laboratory distilled water was passed through an exchange resin column (Dowex-50 x rz; 50-100 mesh) and then distilled twice more from two glass stills in series and automatically controlled. The second still was fitted with a fused silica condenser tube and the water was collected and stored in polyethylene bottles.
graphic
analysis
ESPERIBIENTAL A4.
Cleaning procedure
All apparatus coming the following manner:
in contact
* Present address: Instituto ** Kyoto,
I’resent Japan.
I
,jX2
address:
Medical
with the plasma
Supermrc Faculty,
di SanitB. Vi& J’lxmnaceutical
samples
should bc cleaned
Kegina Elena Department,
in
299. Rome, Italy. Kyoto Vniyersit!-.
R. &fONACELLI,H. TANAKA, J. H. YOE
578
VOL. 1 (1956)
(I) Wash well with detergent and water using a test tube brush for scrubbing. (2) Soak in a cleaning solution for at least half an hour. The cleaning solution is a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acid; better to use hot nitric acid. (3) Rinse with tap water: then rinse six times with distilled water. (4) Rinse with triply distilled water. B. Preparation
of the savnple
It is necessary to draw the blood from the donor in a very careful manner in order to avoid contamination. The sample is drawn as described by THIERS, WILLIA~IS AND YOE 2 in their work on cobalt, using a 50 milliliter hypodermic syringe, fitted with a special platinum-ruthenium alloy needle (J. Bishop and Co., Platinum Works, Malvern, Pa.). Before using, the needle is cleaned in the same manner as in washing glassware, with the exception that it is immersed in cleaning solution for only 20 or 30 seconds. The clean syringe and needle are then placed in glass jackets and sterilized by heating them in an oven at 180” C overnight. One and one-half milligrams of sodium heparin are added to the chamber of the syringe in order to prevent coagulation of the sample during drawing. The plasma is obtained by centrifugation in a polyethylene C. Digestion
bottle
and the sample is kept under refrigeration.
of the sam@e
Many reagents for wet ashing are available. Their advantages and disadvantages are well demonstrated in an extensive study by MIDDLETON AND STUCKEY 3 and by SMITH and co-workers 4. We found that the use of nitric acid and 3o”/b hydrogen peroxide gave us the best reproducible results. The procedure for digesting plasma, which can be applied also to red cells and whole blood, is as follows: (I) Take from the polyethylene bottle used for storage between 8 and IO grams of plasma and pour into a 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask (3 to 3.5 g for red cells and whole blood).
(2) Add z ml of nitric acid, previously distilled in order to eliminate possible contamination, and 0.5 ml of hydrogen peroxide and heat on a hot-plate to slightly below the boiling point of the solution. When the material has reached a syrupy stage, the evolution of heavy brown vapor starts and the temperature is lowered in order In fact, as MIDDLETOS AND STUCKEY 3 pointed out, to avoid a sudden “self-ignition”. the temperature obtained locally for a short period is obviously quite high as indicated by bright “hot-spots” and it is to be expected that such a vigorous reaction might lead to loss of some metals. After this reaction subsides the black residue is left on the hot-plate, the temperature is raised, and the residue is brought to complete dryness. (3) Place the flask in a muffle at 350” C overnight. (4) Allow the flask to cool and add I ml of nitric acid. Put the mixture on the hot-plate and let it boil slowly to dryness. This operation is repeated once more. (5) After cooling, boiled to dryness. (6) Add the internal flask. References
f~. .jSz
I ml of hydrochloric standard
acid is added to the mixture
and again
to the residue and make up to 5 ml in a volumetric
D. A salytical
procedure
Preparation of the standard sample : standard samples are prepared by dissolving spectrugraphically pure compounds of the elements under investigation” Prqbavation of the sample; A 0.2 ml portion of the diluted sample is transferred with a syringe to a graphite electrode. Four such electrodes are made up for each sample. The electrodes are then dried under an infrared lamp for ten minutes. ~~~ct~~~~ spkws; The electrodes are prepared from graphite rods, special high purity, & inch in diameter and ale free from the elements to be determined. The electrodes are cut into one-inch lengths. An electrode such as described and containing the sample or a standard is lower and negative. The upper and counter electrode is a & inch graphite rod. The gap between the electrodes is 4 mm. An.a&icaE lines, all in the second order. Elements
Analytical lines
Mg Cr Ni cu Zn
2795.53 4254.34 34X4.76 3247.54 2138.56
Internal standard lines MO 2816.15 Mo 3798.25 MO 2816,x5 MO
3170.35
MO 2816.15
~X~~S~~~C~~~~~~~~~. Spectral region Slit .width Arc preburn period Arc exposure period PkotografAic
4260 to 8600 A 0.03 mm none 25 seconds.
@messing.
Emulsion Development Fixing Washing
SA No. 2 and No, I film Eastman D rg for 5 minutes Eastman rapid fixing for 5 minutes Special washing for 10 minutes. RESULTS
OF AXALYSES
values for normal human plasma are : magnesium, zq y jg ; chromium, o.rS y/g; nickel, 0.04 y/g; copper, 1.2 y/g; and zinc 1.3 y/g. These values plus the ranges are given in Table I, together with those reported in the literature. For the sake of easy comparison all results are given in micrograms per gram, i.e., parts per million, As a control on the reproducibility of our results a series of synthetic samples containing all five elements was used. The results are shown in Table II. The coefficient of variation, Y, was calculated as follows: Our awverage
where : C = average concentration in y/g. d = difference of the determination n = number of determination. Referertccs p. j8z
from the mean.
R. MONACELLI,
580
H. TANAKA,
TABLE
VOL.
J. H. YOE
1 (1956)
I
VALUESFORMAGNESIUM,CHROMIUM,NICKEL,COPPERAND
ZINCINHUMAN
PLASMA
Content, y/g
Range, YIS
Method
Investigator
Magnesium
24 22.7
IO-42 IF-25 32.3-37.3 17-29
Spectrochemical Calorimetric Chromatographic
MONACELLI, TANAKA AND YOE ORANGE 6 SEILER 6
Chromium
0.18 0.02
Spectrochemical Spectrochemical
MONACELLLTANAKA KOCH et al.8
AND
YOE
Nickel
0.04 0.03 O.OI2
0.01-0.06 0.01-0.085
Spectrochemical Spectrochemical Calorimetric
MONACELLI,TANAKA KOCH et aLa CLUETT~
AND
YOE
I.2
1.0-2.1
Spectrochemical
YOE
0.87-1.61 0.67-1.3 0.65-1.35
Calorimetric Spectrochemical Calorimetric
MONACELLI, TANAKA DAUM lo CARTWRIGHT~~ KOCH et a1.8 Ibid.
AND
0.77 * 0.35 I.I 0.92 * 0.19 0.98 & 0.12
0.6-2.3 0.72-1.6
Spectrochemical Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric Calorimetric
MONACELLI, TANAKA AND BERFENSTAM'~ HOCH~~ WOLFF~~ VALEE AND GIVSON~~ Ibid. WOLFFI' Ibid. VIKBLADHI~ Ibid.
YOE
Element
Copper
I.3 I.I3
Zinc
HALD
0.08-0.3 0.007-0.5
2.4 + 0.45 I.40-2.00 M F
3.90 3.10
M F M F M F
I.97 I.94 1.28 1.23 I.2I I.Ig
I.*o-1r.40 I.*@-IO.10 1.37-2.84 1.41-2.72 0.84-1.57 0.88-1.63 0.32-1.70 0.7g-I.50
TABLE DATAON
Sample No.
Element
References p. $2
Quantity added Y/6
Quantity recovered Yl&-
20
21
30 40
31.5 41.4
0.2
0.18
0.3 0.4
0.33 0.38
Nickel 2, 1,
0.03 0.04 0.05
0.025
Copper ,I
1.0 1.25 I .40
I.04 I.29
1.0
0.92 I.25 1.46
Zinc 3
II
Chromium I> I>
3
2
KOCH et al.s Ibid.
CONTROLSAMPLES
Magnesium I,
2
et aL7
1.3 1.5
0.037 0.05
I.45
VOL. 1
(1956) SPECTROCHEMICAL
DETERMINATION
TABLE
OF METALS IN PLASMA
III
DATA ON PRECISIONOF
METHOD
Number of determinations
Average conrentration in ylg
Element
Magnesium Chromium Nickel copper
1.60
24 0.18
25 25
0.13
0.04 I.2
1.3
Zinc
581
0.45
I2
1.16
22
1.32
14
SUMMARY
Procedures are presented for the collection and digestion of human plasma for the spectrochemical determination of Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn. Data on the precision of the method are given, Values found for the five metals are compared with those given in the literature. The procedure for digesting plasma can be applied. also to red cells and whole blood.
Des methodes sont proposees pour la preparation et le traitement de plasma humain, en vue d’un dosage spectrochimique des elements suivants: Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu et Zn. La precision obtenue par ce procede est donnee. Les resultats trouves pour ces 5 metaux compares avec ceux signal& dans la litterature. Le mode operatoire decrit pour la mineralisation du plasma peut Ctre applique Cgalement aux globules rouges et au sang total. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Verfahren werden vorgeschlagen, mittels derer menschliches Plasma, dessen Gehalt an Mg, Cr, Ni, Cu und Zn spektrochemisch bestimmt werden ~011,gesammelt und vorbehandelt werden kann. Es werden such Angaben iiber die Genauigkeit der Methode mitgeteilt. Die fur die ftinf Metalle gefundenen Werte werden mit denen der Literatur verglichen. Das Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung des Plasmas kann such auf rote Blutkorperchen und auf Gesamtblut angewendet werden.
PE3IOME npe,Z$&aI’aeTCii ~oro 3TOrO mm4
MeTOLl
onpe4eAemn MeTOAa. B
3HaWHUK,
nnTepa-rype
@IUCbIBaeMbI* KpOBRHbIM
c6opa Ii
MarHuB,
TeAaM
HUKeAq
Ha&ZJeHHbIe
WAOBeW.?CKOii
nAa3MbI
Medu
U GuHKa.
3TUX
IIKTU
MeTaMOB
IIAa3MbI
MOXET
TaK)KC
&lX
rIpU~o~fmc51
&As
CIIeKTpOXUMWIeC-
+qaUHbIe
CpaBHUBaIOTCK
0 TOYHOCTU C UMCIOQJU-
~aHHb1bni.
npOJ,JeCC U
HaCTaHBaHUK
xpobfa,
KO
OTCTaUBaHUK
BCeii
KpOBU.
6bITb
IIpUMeHW
K KpaCHbIM
582
K. MOXACELLI,
H. TAIiAKA, J. H. YOE
VOL.
1 (1956)
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Received
November
6th, 1956