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Spectroscopic estimates of atmospheric absorption
232
Azotine.
[aour. Frank. Inst,,
Factory C h i m n e y s . - - I t is well known that the round form is the best tbr the ehim~:eys of taetories and workshops. It facilitae,s the escape of the smoke, and gives less hold fbr the wind, besides requiring less material tbr construction. I{ound chimneys, however, are more difficult to buihl, so that in some places the want of workmen who are skilled in this [dnd of construction leads to the adoption of a square or octagonal section. In order to facilitate the erection of round chimneys, M. Houzen, of Niiremberg, prep'ires materials cut in the fbrm of' wedges, eorrespondlng with the radius which the chimney is to have, so that the construction presents no kind of difficult),.Chron. fndu,str.~ Feb. 18, 1883. C. Spectroscopic Estimates of Atmospheric Absorption.Conm has been led, by his investigations of the atmospheric absorption of" the ultraIviolet rays, to examine the relation betwcen that phenomenon and the abs'orption of the visible rays. His attention was especially directed to Brewster's dark bands, which are generally known as tellurie rays, the intensity of which increases with the thickness of th(~ atmosphere which they traverse. H e finds that the amount of absorl)ing matter may be estimated by the sines of the altitude fl'om the sun at which a telluric ray has the same intensity with a metallic ray. IIenee may be deduced a very simple method for estimating, at any moment, the total amount of vapor which exists in the atmosphere.-Co~nptes l~er~dus, Nov. 6, 1882. (2. A z o i ; i n e . - - M . Heddebault has discovered a method of preparing soluble wool from tissues in which wool and cotton are eomhlned. When subjected to a current of superheated ste-mb under a pressure 0f five atmospheres, the wool melts and thlls to the botton~ of the pan, leaving the cotton, linen, and other vegetable fibres, dean and in a condition suitable for paper making. The melted wool is afterwards evaporated to dryness, when it becomes completely soluble in water and is called azotlne. The increased value of" the rags is sufficient to cover the whole cost of the operatlon~ so that the azotlne is produced without cost. I~ contains all its nitrogen in a soluble em~dltkm and can, therefore, be compared to dried blood, which is worth 2.50 francs per kilogramme of nitrogen. M. Ladureau regards this discovery as one of great interest for agriculture and mechanical industry.~&c. Ind~str. du Nord. C,
Azotine.
[aour. Frank. Inst,,
Factory C h i m n e y s . - - I t is well known that the round form is the best tbr the ehim~:eys of taetories and workshops. It facilitae,s the escape of the smoke, and gives less hold fbr the wind, besides requiring less material tbr construction. I{ound chimneys, however, are more difficult to buihl, so that in some places the want of workmen who are skilled in this [dnd of construction leads to the adoption of a square or octagonal section. In order to facilitate the erection of round chimneys, M. Houzen, of Niiremberg, prep'ires materials cut in the fbrm of' wedges, eorrespondlng with the radius which the chimney is to have, so that the construction presents no kind of difficult),.Chron. fndu,str.~ Feb. 18, 1883. C. Spectroscopic Estimates of Atmospheric Absorption.Conm has been led, by his investigations of the atmospheric absorption of" the ultraIviolet rays, to examine the relation betwcen that phenomenon and the abs'orption of the visible rays. His attention was especially directed to Brewster's dark bands, which are generally known as tellurie rays, the intensity of which increases with the thickness of th(~ atmosphere which they traverse. H e finds that the amount of absorl)ing matter may be estimated by the sines of the altitude fl'om the sun at which a telluric ray has the same intensity with a metallic ray. IIenee may be deduced a very simple method for estimating, at any moment, the total amount of vapor which exists in the atmosphere.-Co~nptes l~er~dus, Nov. 6, 1882. (2. A z o i ; i n e . - - M . Heddebault has discovered a method of preparing soluble wool from tissues in which wool and cotton are eomhlned. When subjected to a current of superheated ste-mb under a pressure 0f five atmospheres, the wool melts and thlls to the botton~ of the pan, leaving the cotton, linen, and other vegetable fibres, dean and in a condition suitable for paper making. The melted wool is afterwards evaporated to dryness, when it becomes completely soluble in water and is called azotlne. The increased value of" the rags is sufficient to cover the whole cost of the operatlon~ so that the azotlne is produced without cost. I~ contains all its nitrogen in a soluble em~dltkm and can, therefore, be compared to dried blood, which is worth 2.50 francs per kilogramme of nitrogen. M. Ladureau regards this discovery as one of great interest for agriculture and mechanical industry.~&c. Ind~str. du Nord. C,