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Spinneret for production of composite filaments
PROCESSES
alkylalkanolamine such as triethanol amine. The homogeneity of a filled compound is thus improved.
Apparatus for tape laying and manufacture of composite structures (Vought Corp, USA) GB 2 145 653 A (3 April 1985) A prepreg tape laying machine is described which includes an automatic applicator shoe and a cutting facility.
Method for forming fibrous silicon carbide insulating material (United States Department of Energy, USA) GB 2 147 890 A (22 May 1985) A method is disclosed for preparing SiC fibre/ SiC composites from carbon fibre/carbon composites using gaseous silicon monoxide. The product is 80% porous and useful as a high temperature rigid insulator.
Process for the manufacture of products from reinforced polyester resins (McDougaL J.R. and Dougherty, MJ., of USA) GB 2 146 283 A (17 April 1985) A microencapsulated initiator for polyester GRP, which ruptures due to internal pressure at preselected moulding temperatures, provides improved homogeneity and surface finish. Reaction-bonded silicon carbide artefacts (UKAEA, UK) GB 2 146 315 A (17 April 1985) A method of fabricating a silicon/silicon carbide/graphite composite, with the latter particles fully dispersed and unreacted but with sufficient surface reaction to give a bonded composite, is described. Filled thermoplastics (BIP Chemicals Ltd, UK) GB 2 147 001 A (1 May 1985) The mouldability of a fine filled (particle size = 1 p~m) thermoplastic polyester was much improved by incorporating a small quantity (say ~-- 3%) of a fine filler of differing particle size (say 0.1 - 2 pm). Thus the volume fraction of the main filler (TiO 2 in the examples) could be increased significantly. Impact improvement of reinforced polycarbonate/ ABS blends (Mobay Chemical Corp, USA) GB 2 147 302 A (9 May 1985) A small addition of a polyanhydride resin improves the impact strength of a rubber° toughened, glass fibre-reinforced polycarbonate. Preparing fibre reinforced rubber polymers (Polysar Financial Services SA, Switzerland) GB 2 147 589 A (15 May 1985) When dispersed in the rubber solution Kevlar fibre can be fluffed-up during shear-mixing to give improved green strength to the vulcanizate. Caring unsaturated polyester resins (Muanyagipari Kuato lntezeL Hungary) GB 2 147 591 A (15 May 1985) The cross-linking of an unsaturated polyester resin can be monitored by incorporating an appropriate reactive dye, which is coloured in the presence of a metal ion of the accelerator. Once curing is complete the colour disappears. Reducing the viscosity of filled liquid polymers (BASF Wyandotte Corp, USA) GB 2 147 593 A (15 May 1985) Tertiary amines in excess of normal catalytic quantities reduce the viscosity of filled polyurethane prepolymer compositions. Increasing the viscosity of filled liquid polymers (BASF Wyandotte Corp, USA) GB 2 147 596 A (15 May 1985) The viscosity of polyol prepolymers for polyurethanes can be adjusted by adding an
342
Composite friction disc_ (BF Goodrich Co, USA) GB 2 148 187A (30 May 1985) A process of refurbishing a porous carbon brake disc is described, using a carbonizing resin adhesive for a stack of carbon fibre cloth incorporating CVD pyrolytic carbon. Method of making a laminate (Westinghouse Electric Corp, USA) GB 2 148 794 A (5 June 1985) Laminates used for circuit boards often suffer from microcracking (eg during thermal cycling). These cracks can be greatly reduced if the reinforcement (ie PET or nylon fibres) is subjected to an O 2 or N 2 plasma. Method and system for producing carbon fibres (Hitco, USA) GB 2 148 866 A (5 June 1985) High tensile carbon fibres can be obtained in high yield if the oxidized precursor is precarbonized at 600°C in an inert atmosphere while stretched at 5-10%. Alumina gel precipitation (UKAEA, UK) GB 2 149 768 A (19 June 1985) A sol-gel process for preparing porous, spherical ceramic alumina particles is described. Resinous composition for sliding members (Otsuka Chemical Co Ltd, Japan) GB 2 149 805 A (19 June 1985) The coefficient of friction of a potassium titanate whisker (PTW) reinforced nylon is reduced by incorporating powdered high density polyethene (HDPE). The abrasion resistance is also improved by a synergistic action between the PTW and the HDPE. Making articles of fiber reinforced resin (Silvatrim SAM, Monaco) GB 2 150 070 A (20 June 1985) Glass fibre rovings are impregnated with thermoplastic (using polymer powder- sintering process) and wound onto a mandrel-type mould for compression moulding The suggested application is for moulding steering wheels
US PATENTS COMPONENTS Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete (Moreno, J., Chicago, I k USA) US Pat 4 443 985 (24 April 1984) Precast concrete door slabs are rested on beams of reinforced concrete supported by rows of b e a m s The reinforcement in the beams extends into the concrete which unites the floor slabs.
Fiber reinforced composite article using modified polyimide adhesive (Gagliani, J., San Diego and L o n g J.V., El Cajott both of CA, USA) US Pat 4 444 823 (24 April 1984) First a resin is produced from an N-substituted aliphatic imide and an aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. Woven fabric or mat sheets are then soaked in the adhesive, the soaked sheets dried at 38-66°C to remove the solvent and the sheets stacked in a mould. The product is produced by applying 345-689.5 kPa pressure at 149-232°C for 30-120 min. Reinforced supports Taylor, L.G. (Steel and Wire Limited, Cardiff, Wales) US Pat4 445 308 (1 May 1984) A support for maintaining concrete reinforcement at a predetermined level during pouring of concrete comprises two adjacent inverted ' I f shaped metal yokes connected together by two couplings around adjacent limbs. Spinneret for production of composite filaments Moriki, Y. and Ogasawara, M. (Toray Industries lnc, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 445 833 (1 May 1984) A spinneret for use in producing composite filaments having at least two constituents extending axially is described. Air-inflated fabric-reinforced concrete shells (Nicholls, R.L, Newark, DE, USA) US Pat4 446 083 (1 May 1984) Alternate layers of cementing matrix and fabric reinforcement are anchored at their edges and placed over an inflatable membrane. The membrane is inflated to form a shell shape and a reactant is added to harden the matrix. Carbon fiber-reinforced cement mould Pairaudeau, R. and TurnbulL D. (Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, USA) US Pat 4 446 091 (1 May 1984) A mould in which plastic is cured comprises 1-6 parts by weight of carbon fibres in 100 parts by weight cement and aggregate. The parts in contact with the plastic, however, contain not more than 1-3 parts by weight carbon fibres in the cement/aggregate matrix. Reinforced plastic product (Munoz, G.L and Munoz~ W.J., both of El Paso, TX, USA) US Pat 4 446 177 (1 May 1984) A simulated stone composite comprises a thermoplastic or thermoset gel-coat layer, a filled, coloured resin matrix layer laid up on the inner side of the gel-coat layer and a back-up layer of polyester fibre sheet impregnated with a thermoplastic or thermoset resin, laid up on the matrix layer. Copper-zinc-iron ternary alloy coated steel wire reinforcers in fires Shemenski, R.M,, KinL D.K. and Starinshak, T.W. (The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, OH, USA) US Pat 4 446 198 (1 May 1984) The composition of an adhesive brass coating for steel wire reinforcements is given as 55-75 wt% Cu, 0.1-10 wt% Fe and 15-45 wt% Zn. Sized carbon fibers suitable for use in composites of improved impact resistance Ying L. and Carter Jr, T.P. (Celanese Corporation, New York, NY, USA) US Pat4 446 255 (1 May 1985) A carbon fibre size contains an epoxy resin and
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1 9 8 5
alkylalkanolamine such as triethanol amine. The homogeneity of a filled compound is thus improved.
Apparatus for tape laying and manufacture of composite structures (Vought Corp, USA) GB 2 145 653 A (3 April 1985) A prepreg tape laying machine is described which includes an automatic applicator shoe and a cutting facility.
Method for forming fibrous silicon carbide insulating material (United States Department of Energy, USA) GB 2 147 890 A (22 May 1985) A method is disclosed for preparing SiC fibre/ SiC composites from carbon fibre/carbon composites using gaseous silicon monoxide. The product is 80% porous and useful as a high temperature rigid insulator.
Process for the manufacture of products from reinforced polyester resins (McDougaL J.R. and Dougherty, MJ., of USA) GB 2 146 283 A (17 April 1985) A microencapsulated initiator for polyester GRP, which ruptures due to internal pressure at preselected moulding temperatures, provides improved homogeneity and surface finish. Reaction-bonded silicon carbide artefacts (UKAEA, UK) GB 2 146 315 A (17 April 1985) A method of fabricating a silicon/silicon carbide/graphite composite, with the latter particles fully dispersed and unreacted but with sufficient surface reaction to give a bonded composite, is described. Filled thermoplastics (BIP Chemicals Ltd, UK) GB 2 147 001 A (1 May 1985) The mouldability of a fine filled (particle size = 1 p~m) thermoplastic polyester was much improved by incorporating a small quantity (say ~-- 3%) of a fine filler of differing particle size (say 0.1 - 2 pm). Thus the volume fraction of the main filler (TiO 2 in the examples) could be increased significantly. Impact improvement of reinforced polycarbonate/ ABS blends (Mobay Chemical Corp, USA) GB 2 147 302 A (9 May 1985) A small addition of a polyanhydride resin improves the impact strength of a rubber° toughened, glass fibre-reinforced polycarbonate. Preparing fibre reinforced rubber polymers (Polysar Financial Services SA, Switzerland) GB 2 147 589 A (15 May 1985) When dispersed in the rubber solution Kevlar fibre can be fluffed-up during shear-mixing to give improved green strength to the vulcanizate. Caring unsaturated polyester resins (Muanyagipari Kuato lntezeL Hungary) GB 2 147 591 A (15 May 1985) The cross-linking of an unsaturated polyester resin can be monitored by incorporating an appropriate reactive dye, which is coloured in the presence of a metal ion of the accelerator. Once curing is complete the colour disappears. Reducing the viscosity of filled liquid polymers (BASF Wyandotte Corp, USA) GB 2 147 593 A (15 May 1985) Tertiary amines in excess of normal catalytic quantities reduce the viscosity of filled polyurethane prepolymer compositions. Increasing the viscosity of filled liquid polymers (BASF Wyandotte Corp, USA) GB 2 147 596 A (15 May 1985) The viscosity of polyol prepolymers for polyurethanes can be adjusted by adding an
342
Composite friction disc_ (BF Goodrich Co, USA) GB 2 148 187A (30 May 1985) A process of refurbishing a porous carbon brake disc is described, using a carbonizing resin adhesive for a stack of carbon fibre cloth incorporating CVD pyrolytic carbon. Method of making a laminate (Westinghouse Electric Corp, USA) GB 2 148 794 A (5 June 1985) Laminates used for circuit boards often suffer from microcracking (eg during thermal cycling). These cracks can be greatly reduced if the reinforcement (ie PET or nylon fibres) is subjected to an O 2 or N 2 plasma. Method and system for producing carbon fibres (Hitco, USA) GB 2 148 866 A (5 June 1985) High tensile carbon fibres can be obtained in high yield if the oxidized precursor is precarbonized at 600°C in an inert atmosphere while stretched at 5-10%. Alumina gel precipitation (UKAEA, UK) GB 2 149 768 A (19 June 1985) A sol-gel process for preparing porous, spherical ceramic alumina particles is described. Resinous composition for sliding members (Otsuka Chemical Co Ltd, Japan) GB 2 149 805 A (19 June 1985) The coefficient of friction of a potassium titanate whisker (PTW) reinforced nylon is reduced by incorporating powdered high density polyethene (HDPE). The abrasion resistance is also improved by a synergistic action between the PTW and the HDPE. Making articles of fiber reinforced resin (Silvatrim SAM, Monaco) GB 2 150 070 A (20 June 1985) Glass fibre rovings are impregnated with thermoplastic (using polymer powder- sintering process) and wound onto a mandrel-type mould for compression moulding The suggested application is for moulding steering wheels
US PATENTS COMPONENTS Composite building construction comprising a combination of precast and poured-in-place concrete (Moreno, J., Chicago, I k USA) US Pat 4 443 985 (24 April 1984) Precast concrete door slabs are rested on beams of reinforced concrete supported by rows of b e a m s The reinforcement in the beams extends into the concrete which unites the floor slabs.
Fiber reinforced composite article using modified polyimide adhesive (Gagliani, J., San Diego and L o n g J.V., El Cajott both of CA, USA) US Pat 4 444 823 (24 April 1984) First a resin is produced from an N-substituted aliphatic imide and an aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride. Woven fabric or mat sheets are then soaked in the adhesive, the soaked sheets dried at 38-66°C to remove the solvent and the sheets stacked in a mould. The product is produced by applying 345-689.5 kPa pressure at 149-232°C for 30-120 min. Reinforced supports Taylor, L.G. (Steel and Wire Limited, Cardiff, Wales) US Pat4 445 308 (1 May 1984) A support for maintaining concrete reinforcement at a predetermined level during pouring of concrete comprises two adjacent inverted ' I f shaped metal yokes connected together by two couplings around adjacent limbs. Spinneret for production of composite filaments Moriki, Y. and Ogasawara, M. (Toray Industries lnc, Tokyo, Japan) US Pat 4 445 833 (1 May 1984) A spinneret for use in producing composite filaments having at least two constituents extending axially is described. Air-inflated fabric-reinforced concrete shells (Nicholls, R.L, Newark, DE, USA) US Pat4 446 083 (1 May 1984) Alternate layers of cementing matrix and fabric reinforcement are anchored at their edges and placed over an inflatable membrane. The membrane is inflated to form a shell shape and a reactant is added to harden the matrix. Carbon fiber-reinforced cement mould Pairaudeau, R. and TurnbulL D. (Union Carbide Corporation, Danbury, CT, USA) US Pat 4 446 091 (1 May 1984) A mould in which plastic is cured comprises 1-6 parts by weight of carbon fibres in 100 parts by weight cement and aggregate. The parts in contact with the plastic, however, contain not more than 1-3 parts by weight carbon fibres in the cement/aggregate matrix. Reinforced plastic product (Munoz, G.L and Munoz~ W.J., both of El Paso, TX, USA) US Pat 4 446 177 (1 May 1984) A simulated stone composite comprises a thermoplastic or thermoset gel-coat layer, a filled, coloured resin matrix layer laid up on the inner side of the gel-coat layer and a back-up layer of polyester fibre sheet impregnated with a thermoplastic or thermoset resin, laid up on the matrix layer. Copper-zinc-iron ternary alloy coated steel wire reinforcers in fires Shemenski, R.M,, KinL D.K. and Starinshak, T.W. (The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company, Akron, OH, USA) US Pat 4 446 198 (1 May 1984) The composition of an adhesive brass coating for steel wire reinforcements is given as 55-75 wt% Cu, 0.1-10 wt% Fe and 15-45 wt% Zn. Sized carbon fibers suitable for use in composites of improved impact resistance Ying L. and Carter Jr, T.P. (Celanese Corporation, New York, NY, USA) US Pat4 446 255 (1 May 1985) A carbon fibre size contains an epoxy resin and
COMPOSITES. OCTOBER 1 9 8 5