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Standard for occupational exposures to hot environments
only mandatory in four EEC countries. Furthermore, limitation of both the level and number of high intensity impulses per day is virtually ignored in the EEC apart from Belgium. For comparison, the laws on the protection of workers' hearing, as they apply in Sweden, Norway, the USA, Canada and Australia are reviewed. Legislation on workers' compensation for occupational deafness is examined, a distinction being drawn between the adversary and clinical systems. The role played by the trade unions in checking the effectiveness of hearing conservation measures in Canada, Germany and the USA is also discussed.
8.4.34 (72306)
Burns, W., and Robinson, D.W. Hearing hazard from occupational noise: Observations on a population from heavy industry. TRC Report No T77-2253, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK, Report No NPL-AC-REP-80. Jan 1977, pp 35. Abstr in: R and D Abstracts. A group of over 700 workers between the ages of 60 and 65 with long service in heavy industry were examined audiometrically. Hearing levels for the whole group were compared with those of a 'normal' sub-group having no auditory pathology other than that due to noise exposure, The difference in hearing levels is shown to account for divergencies in prediction of the incidence of occupational hearing loss between ISO Standard 1999 and British Standard 5330. The numerical analysis highlights the care needed in comparing audiometric data from different sources and incidentally has significant implications for the setting of industrial noise exposure limits.
8.4.35 (72310)
Martin, A.M. Industrial hearing conservation 1 : Personal hearing protection 2: Audiometry. Noise Control, Vibration and Insulation, Feb 1976, 7.2, 4 2 - 5 0 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-81). The author reviews the nonengineering methods of noise control. The first part of his paper discusses the main requirements of a sound hearing protection programme and its ingredients (types, performance, selection and limitations of hearing protectors, etc.) while the second part considers the technical and practical requirements of a monitoring audiometry programme (types and calibration of audiometers, audiometric methodology, financial considerations, etc).
242
Thermal conditions 8.4.36 (72336) Aubertin, G. Work in hot workplaces - 2. Measurement of physical characteristics of hot environments (Le Travail Industriel en Ambiance Chaude - 2. La Mesure des Caracteristiques Physiques d'une Ambiance Chaude). (In French.) Cahiers de Notes Documentaires Securite et Hygiene du Travail, Note No 1032-85-76, 1976, 8 5 , 5 0 9 - 5 3 6 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-95). Second part of a study abstracted under 71091 (CIS 76-1296). After an introduction on variations in the physical characteristics of the environment in the area of the worker and with time, information is provided on measurement of the four physical characteristics of hot environments: air temperature, radiant heat exchange, air humidity and air movement. The principle and method of measurement is given for each of these parameters, and measuring instruments are presented with details of their use and formulae, and curves or charts for calculations. 8.4.37 (72349)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Standard for occupational exposures to hot environments. The Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, HEW Publication No (NIOSH) 76-100 Jan 1976, pp 204. Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-94). Papers read at the symposium on this subject held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in Feb 1973. In addition to the question whether a heat stress standard is required, they cover physiological aspects, heat disorders, environmental measurements and assessment, the labour view, studies in aluminium production plants, reports on heat strain in steelworkers and workers in other industries, problems relating to the proposed NIOSH standard, etc. The NIOSH recommendations for a standard, and the recommendations of the OSI-IA Standards Advisory Commettee on Heat Stress, submitted to OSHA in January 1974 are appended.
Specialised and protective clothing and equipment 8.4.38 (72369)
Andruk, F.S., Shampine, J.C., and Reins, D.A. Aluminized firemen's (fire proximity) handwear: A comparative study of
AppliedErgonomics December 1977
dexterity characteristics. Technical Report, Nov 1975 - Jun 1976, Jul 1976, pp 25. Abstr in: Government Reports Announcements (Report No AD-A027 211/2GA) A comparative study of the tactility and dexterity characteristics of several configurations of aluminized firemen's (fire proximity) handwear was conducted The old standard aluminized firemen's glove was compared with that of the recently adopted two component (glove shell and glo~e insert) standard and a newly developed experimental prototype, which was prepared in three models (MOD-1, MOD-11 and MOD-111) for this study. The manipulatory capabilities of all the gloves were measured against the ungloved or bare hand, and the results indicated that MOD-111 of the new experimental prototype exceeded that of the old and new standard and came closest in performance to the ungloved hand.
8.4.39 (72377) Lees, M.A., et al In-flight performance with night vision goggles during reduced illumination, Final Report. Aug 1976, pp 37. Abstr in: Government Reports Announcements (Report No AD-A031 991/3GA). At the present time the US Army is striving to attain around-the-clock operational capability for its tactical forces. The night vision goggles have been developed to aid the army pilot in attaining near-daytime capability at night. Previous research at the US Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory has demonstrated the requirement for an investigation of the effects of low illuminance levels on aviator performance while wearing night vision goggles.
8.4.40 (72380) Padilla, M. Ear plug performance in industrial field conditions. Sound and Vibration, May 1976, 10.5, 3 3 - 3 6 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-86) With the aid of a relatively simple experimental apparatus, the author tested the real-ear attenuation afforded at 500 Hz by both standard-type and custom-made moulded earplugs. It was found that earplugs in general did not afford adequate protection against excessive noise, although moulded-type earplugs were superior if properly fitted. For these reasons, earplugs should be tested individually after fitting and periodically thereafter.
8.4.34 (72306)
Burns, W., and Robinson, D.W. Hearing hazard from occupational noise: Observations on a population from heavy industry. TRC Report No T77-2253, National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex, UK, Report No NPL-AC-REP-80. Jan 1977, pp 35. Abstr in: R and D Abstracts. A group of over 700 workers between the ages of 60 and 65 with long service in heavy industry were examined audiometrically. Hearing levels for the whole group were compared with those of a 'normal' sub-group having no auditory pathology other than that due to noise exposure, The difference in hearing levels is shown to account for divergencies in prediction of the incidence of occupational hearing loss between ISO Standard 1999 and British Standard 5330. The numerical analysis highlights the care needed in comparing audiometric data from different sources and incidentally has significant implications for the setting of industrial noise exposure limits.
8.4.35 (72310)
Martin, A.M. Industrial hearing conservation 1 : Personal hearing protection 2: Audiometry. Noise Control, Vibration and Insulation, Feb 1976, 7.2, 4 2 - 5 0 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-81). The author reviews the nonengineering methods of noise control. The first part of his paper discusses the main requirements of a sound hearing protection programme and its ingredients (types, performance, selection and limitations of hearing protectors, etc.) while the second part considers the technical and practical requirements of a monitoring audiometry programme (types and calibration of audiometers, audiometric methodology, financial considerations, etc).
242
Thermal conditions 8.4.36 (72336) Aubertin, G. Work in hot workplaces - 2. Measurement of physical characteristics of hot environments (Le Travail Industriel en Ambiance Chaude - 2. La Mesure des Caracteristiques Physiques d'une Ambiance Chaude). (In French.) Cahiers de Notes Documentaires Securite et Hygiene du Travail, Note No 1032-85-76, 1976, 8 5 , 5 0 9 - 5 3 6 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-95). Second part of a study abstracted under 71091 (CIS 76-1296). After an introduction on variations in the physical characteristics of the environment in the area of the worker and with time, information is provided on measurement of the four physical characteristics of hot environments: air temperature, radiant heat exchange, air humidity and air movement. The principle and method of measurement is given for each of these parameters, and measuring instruments are presented with details of their use and formulae, and curves or charts for calculations. 8.4.37 (72349)
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Standard for occupational exposures to hot environments. The Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA, HEW Publication No (NIOSH) 76-100 Jan 1976, pp 204. Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-94). Papers read at the symposium on this subject held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in Feb 1973. In addition to the question whether a heat stress standard is required, they cover physiological aspects, heat disorders, environmental measurements and assessment, the labour view, studies in aluminium production plants, reports on heat strain in steelworkers and workers in other industries, problems relating to the proposed NIOSH standard, etc. The NIOSH recommendations for a standard, and the recommendations of the OSI-IA Standards Advisory Commettee on Heat Stress, submitted to OSHA in January 1974 are appended.
Specialised and protective clothing and equipment 8.4.38 (72369)
Andruk, F.S., Shampine, J.C., and Reins, D.A. Aluminized firemen's (fire proximity) handwear: A comparative study of
AppliedErgonomics December 1977
dexterity characteristics. Technical Report, Nov 1975 - Jun 1976, Jul 1976, pp 25. Abstr in: Government Reports Announcements (Report No AD-A027 211/2GA) A comparative study of the tactility and dexterity characteristics of several configurations of aluminized firemen's (fire proximity) handwear was conducted The old standard aluminized firemen's glove was compared with that of the recently adopted two component (glove shell and glo~e insert) standard and a newly developed experimental prototype, which was prepared in three models (MOD-1, MOD-11 and MOD-111) for this study. The manipulatory capabilities of all the gloves were measured against the ungloved or bare hand, and the results indicated that MOD-111 of the new experimental prototype exceeded that of the old and new standard and came closest in performance to the ungloved hand.
8.4.39 (72377) Lees, M.A., et al In-flight performance with night vision goggles during reduced illumination, Final Report. Aug 1976, pp 37. Abstr in: Government Reports Announcements (Report No AD-A031 991/3GA). At the present time the US Army is striving to attain around-the-clock operational capability for its tactical forces. The night vision goggles have been developed to aid the army pilot in attaining near-daytime capability at night. Previous research at the US Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory has demonstrated the requirement for an investigation of the effects of low illuminance levels on aviator performance while wearing night vision goggles.
8.4.40 (72380) Padilla, M. Ear plug performance in industrial field conditions. Sound and Vibration, May 1976, 10.5, 3 3 - 3 6 . Abstr in: CIS Abstracts (CIS 77-86) With the aid of a relatively simple experimental apparatus, the author tested the real-ear attenuation afforded at 500 Hz by both standard-type and custom-made moulded earplugs. It was found that earplugs in general did not afford adequate protection against excessive noise, although moulded-type earplugs were superior if properly fitted. For these reasons, earplugs should be tested individually after fitting and periodically thereafter.