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Studies of accidents leading to minor injuries in the UK coal mining industry
Abstracts
13.3.5 (81699) Nussey, C. Studies of accidents leading to minor injuries in the UK coal mining industry.
Journal of Occupational A cciden ts, To provide readers of Applied Ergonomics with a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstract (eg 1.1.21 )' consists of the volume number, part or issue number and a sequential abstract number. The published abstracts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, Department of Engineering Production, University of Birmingham, POBox 363, Birmingham 15. Tel. 0 2 1 - 4 7 2 1301.
General 13.3.1 (81691) Helander, M. Safety challenges in the construction industry. Journal of Occupational Accidents, Apr 1980, 2. 4, 2 5 7 - 2 6 3 . The construction industry is the largest single industry in the United States, supplying 10% of the Gross National Product. The industry experiences the highest accident rate of all major industries and the annual costs for accidents has been assessed at $12 billion. Despite this fact, very little research has been performed to analyse construction work safety. This article provides an explanation as to why so little research has been done to date. For the future, there are large humanitarian and economic incentives which should inspire an increased interest in performing ergonomics research in the construction industry. 13.3.2 (81694) Howie, A. Ergonomics in practice. In: Ergonomics
in Practice, Proceedings of the 1 7th Annual Conference of the Ergonomics Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov, 1980, pp 1 - 1 3 . This paper deals with a number of issues concerning the application of ergonomics in Australia. It looks in particular at the role of the ergonomics practitioner in the workplace setting, the images of ergonomics and the practitioner, and some ways in which these might be enhanced. 13.3.3 (81684) Asogwa, S.E. A review of coal mining accidents in Nigeria over a 10-year period. Journal
of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Apr 1980, 30. 2, 6 9 - 7 3 ; abstr in CIS Abstracts (CIS 80-1726).
224
Accident trends during the five years before and after the civil war are reviewed: causes of accidents; parts of body injured. The higher rates in the second period are attributed to worsened human and environmental factors. Recommendations for reduction of accidents by a positive approach to safety are made.
Apr 1980, 2 . 4 , 3 0 5 - 323. The Safety Engineering Laboratory (SEL) (part of the former Safety in Mines Research Establishment, SMRE) of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has recently participated in two field studies of accidents among British coal miners. The studies have been carried out in cooperation with the National Coal Board (NCB) and have concentrated on accidents leading to relatively minor injuries, ie, those involving absences for more than three working days (some 50 000 each year) and less severe injuries. The paper describes and discusses the methods employed (including the use of a questionnaire machine) to collect fairly detailed information directly from individuals who had suffered minor injuries, with a view to identifying causative factors, outlines some of the techniques that have been used to analyse the data, and reviews some of the findings. 13.3.6 (81705) Shaw, 1. Practical ergonomics of recreation. In: Ergonomics in Practice, Proceedings
13.3.4 (81697) McDonald, G. of the 17th Annual Conference of the The adoption of ergonomic practice Ergonomics Society of Australia and into the safety profession. In: Ergonomics New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov in Practice, Proceedings of the 17th 1980, pp 2 1 - 3 3 . Annual Conference of the Ergonomics
Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov 1980, pp 121-127. Ergonomists and safety practitioners have a common interest in a wide variety of problems which the ergonomist sees from a research and academic view point and which the safety practitioner sees from a practical applications perspective. The ultimate goals are similar but the immediate goals may be seen quite differently; for example, achieving a target accident frequency or optimising a system. Efficient solutions of accident problems and adoption of ergonomics practice require the ergonomics research findings and body of knowledge to be used effectively by safety practitioners and others, and methods have been developed for the effective use of information by experienced practitioners. There are, however, large areas where ergonomics knowledge and research is not relevant to safety problems. Joint problem-solving sessions between ergonomists and safety practitioners, patterned on the Agricultural Extension Model and starting with problem identification, are necessary first steps towards helping give the individual an optimum balance of challenge, risk and damage.
AppliedErgonomics September 1982
This paper deals with practical ergonomics of recreation as applied to children's playgrounds. Play, which every human being needs to learn, is education in the art of living. The development, ergonomic and safety training received during play is basic to psychological growth and to the ~atisfaction of needs in later life with opportunities for recreation provided by increased leisure time. Planning of playgrounds is an important part of community planning. Ergonomics considerations demand appropriate locations, landscaping, selection and siting of equipment conforming to standards, frequent inspections, adequate supervision, and good maintenance. Playgrounds for different age groups, the concept of adventure playgrounds, and safety of playgrounds are discussed. The available playground accident statistics are tabled. A check list supplementary to that contained in Australian Standard 2155/1978 is appended. 13.3.7 (81709) Triggs, T.J. Cognitive processes in applied ergonomics. In: Ergonomics in
Practice, Proceedings of the 1 7th
13.3.5 (81699) Nussey, C. Studies of accidents leading to minor injuries in the UK coal mining industry.
Journal of Occupational A cciden ts, To provide readers of Applied Ergonomics with a selection of current ergonomics literature likely to be of direct practical value, abstracts are published selected from the collection held at the Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre. These abstracts are classified in a similar manner to the main articles in the journal; for easy reference, the code number at the head of each abstract (eg 1.1.21 )' consists of the volume number, part or issue number and a sequential abstract number. The published abstracts are only a selection of the Centre's material and readers concerned with specific areas are invited to contact the Centre for further information. Those readers unable to obtain copies of the original articles abstracted here through their usual sources, such as company librarian, may obtain photocopies from the Centre. Details of this service are available from The Ergonomics Information Analysis Centre, Department of Engineering Production, University of Birmingham, POBox 363, Birmingham 15. Tel. 0 2 1 - 4 7 2 1301.
General 13.3.1 (81691) Helander, M. Safety challenges in the construction industry. Journal of Occupational Accidents, Apr 1980, 2. 4, 2 5 7 - 2 6 3 . The construction industry is the largest single industry in the United States, supplying 10% of the Gross National Product. The industry experiences the highest accident rate of all major industries and the annual costs for accidents has been assessed at $12 billion. Despite this fact, very little research has been performed to analyse construction work safety. This article provides an explanation as to why so little research has been done to date. For the future, there are large humanitarian and economic incentives which should inspire an increased interest in performing ergonomics research in the construction industry. 13.3.2 (81694) Howie, A. Ergonomics in practice. In: Ergonomics
in Practice, Proceedings of the 1 7th Annual Conference of the Ergonomics Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov, 1980, pp 1 - 1 3 . This paper deals with a number of issues concerning the application of ergonomics in Australia. It looks in particular at the role of the ergonomics practitioner in the workplace setting, the images of ergonomics and the practitioner, and some ways in which these might be enhanced. 13.3.3 (81684) Asogwa, S.E. A review of coal mining accidents in Nigeria over a 10-year period. Journal
of the Society of Occupational Medicine, Apr 1980, 30. 2, 6 9 - 7 3 ; abstr in CIS Abstracts (CIS 80-1726).
224
Accident trends during the five years before and after the civil war are reviewed: causes of accidents; parts of body injured. The higher rates in the second period are attributed to worsened human and environmental factors. Recommendations for reduction of accidents by a positive approach to safety are made.
Apr 1980, 2 . 4 , 3 0 5 - 323. The Safety Engineering Laboratory (SEL) (part of the former Safety in Mines Research Establishment, SMRE) of the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has recently participated in two field studies of accidents among British coal miners. The studies have been carried out in cooperation with the National Coal Board (NCB) and have concentrated on accidents leading to relatively minor injuries, ie, those involving absences for more than three working days (some 50 000 each year) and less severe injuries. The paper describes and discusses the methods employed (including the use of a questionnaire machine) to collect fairly detailed information directly from individuals who had suffered minor injuries, with a view to identifying causative factors, outlines some of the techniques that have been used to analyse the data, and reviews some of the findings. 13.3.6 (81705) Shaw, 1. Practical ergonomics of recreation. In: Ergonomics in Practice, Proceedings
13.3.4 (81697) McDonald, G. of the 17th Annual Conference of the The adoption of ergonomic practice Ergonomics Society of Australia and into the safety profession. In: Ergonomics New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov in Practice, Proceedings of the 17th 1980, pp 2 1 - 3 3 . Annual Conference of the Ergonomics
Society of Australia and New Zealand, Sydney, 2 7 - 2 8 Nov 1980, pp 121-127. Ergonomists and safety practitioners have a common interest in a wide variety of problems which the ergonomist sees from a research and academic view point and which the safety practitioner sees from a practical applications perspective. The ultimate goals are similar but the immediate goals may be seen quite differently; for example, achieving a target accident frequency or optimising a system. Efficient solutions of accident problems and adoption of ergonomics practice require the ergonomics research findings and body of knowledge to be used effectively by safety practitioners and others, and methods have been developed for the effective use of information by experienced practitioners. There are, however, large areas where ergonomics knowledge and research is not relevant to safety problems. Joint problem-solving sessions between ergonomists and safety practitioners, patterned on the Agricultural Extension Model and starting with problem identification, are necessary first steps towards helping give the individual an optimum balance of challenge, risk and damage.
AppliedErgonomics September 1982
This paper deals with practical ergonomics of recreation as applied to children's playgrounds. Play, which every human being needs to learn, is education in the art of living. The development, ergonomic and safety training received during play is basic to psychological growth and to the ~atisfaction of needs in later life with opportunities for recreation provided by increased leisure time. Planning of playgrounds is an important part of community planning. Ergonomics considerations demand appropriate locations, landscaping, selection and siting of equipment conforming to standards, frequent inspections, adequate supervision, and good maintenance. Playgrounds for different age groups, the concept of adventure playgrounds, and safety of playgrounds are discussed. The available playground accident statistics are tabled. A check list supplementary to that contained in Australian Standard 2155/1978 is appended. 13.3.7 (81709) Triggs, T.J. Cognitive processes in applied ergonomics. In: Ergonomics in
Practice, Proceedings of the 1 7th