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Study of carbonate-containing apatite as a bone augumentation meterial
P23-1 Preprosthetic surgery and implantology Purpose To obtain better results from endodontic implant surgery, we applied clinically Ti-alloy endodontic implants combined with periradicular surgery. Materials and methods An oxide-coated titanium alloy of 90% Titanium, 6% Aluminium, and 4% Vanadium with a sandblasted surface (1.3 mm in diameter, Kyocera, Kyoto, Japan) was used for the endodontic implants. The course of healing during an observation period ranging from one year to 2 and a half years was examined in 24 teeth in 12 patients treated by endodontic implants. Both periradicular surgery and implantation were applied to all teeth, to seal the apical portion and to improve the results of endodontic implant surgery. Results Twenty three teeth were successfully treated, while treatment of one tooth was unsuccessful, for a success rate of 95.5%. Conclusion We concluded that Ti-alloy endodontic implants combined with periradicular surgery provides excellent results. We suggest that the endodontic implant should not be discarded completely, but, that with further research to improve the materials and techniques, it can still be used in selected cases.
8. A Quick and Reliable Method for Evaluating Biocompatibility of Recrystailized Hydroxyapatite
Nakayama, K), Oguchi, H. z, Furuta, L 1, Yamaga, G), Eguchi, G.3 1Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical Pharmaceutical University, 2Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University 3president of Kumamoto University, Japan In the field of dental medicine, hydroxyapatite materials have been applied compensate for various pathological defects of oral hard tissues such as bones. Recently, materials produced by coating titanium with hydroxyapatite have been evaluated. However, the physiochemical nature of the hydroxyapatite coating the metal must be diversified depending upon the coating procedures. We have tried to establish a simple technique for quantitative estimation of the affinity of hydroxyapatite coating the metal for tissue cells using an established cell line, HGF-22, derived from human gingival connective tissue. 0.05 ml of suspension (1.0• cells/ml culture medium) of HGF-22 fibroblasts harvested from subconftuent cultures was applied to a defined area (0.5 mm in diameter) of the surface of the hydroxyapatite and then incubated in a CO2-incubator for 1 to 20 hr at 37~ After incubation for various times, attached and spread cells were carefully fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) for 20 min at 4~ and then stained with toluidine blue. Stained specimens were photographed using a light microscopic photographic system. Attached and spread cells in randomly selected unit
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areas of photographs were counted and efficiencies of attachment and spreading were calculated, respectively. Thus, the reliable and quantitative estimation of the affinity of hydroxyapatite-coated materials for tissue cells is possible. Using this method we have studied the relationship with the thickness of the hydroxyapatite layer. It was produced by means of a plasma coating method followed by hydrothermal treatment, and the affinity for cultured human gingival fibroblasts was measured. The utillity of this method based on the results obtained will be discussed.
9. Study of Carbonate-Containing Apatite as a Bone Augumentation Material
Yamaguchi, K., Nagahara, If., Matsuoka, T., Kubota, T., Mouri, Ko, Kamegai, A., Kanematsu, N. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Japan Calcium phosphate ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) and beta-tricalcium phosphate have been employed as bone augmentation material in reconstructive surgery. Each material has individual advantages and disadvantages. In the present study, carbonate-containing apatite was manufactured in our department and histocompatibility and clinical usage was evaluated. Carbonate-containing apatite was prepared from aqueous media and sintered for 2 hours at 750~ containing 6.0 wt%. HAP without carbonate was sintered for 2 hours at 1200~ I3-TCP was sintered for 2 hours at 900~ under the dry process. The materials employed for the present study were passed through 30~500 ~tm mesh after grinding. The solubility of the materials were studied in lactate Ringer solution at 37~ Six-week-old male Wistar rats were prepared for the experiment. Each material was implanted into the bone marrow space of rat femur. The samples were taken 7, 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after operation. The samples were fixed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, decalcified with 0.5 M EDTA4Na solution and embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tissue samples were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and dehydrated under a critical point dryer before vacuum evaporation for the observation. The solubility of carbonate-containing apatite in the tissue was shown to depend on the amount of carbonate. Bone induction by carbonate-containing apatite in rat femur was similar to HAP. These results suggest that carbonatecontaining apatite have the advantages of both HAP and [3TCR
8. A Quick and Reliable Method for Evaluating Biocompatibility of Recrystailized Hydroxyapatite
Nakayama, K), Oguchi, H. z, Furuta, L 1, Yamaga, G), Eguchi, G.3 1Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical Pharmaceutical University, 2Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Tsurumi University 3president of Kumamoto University, Japan In the field of dental medicine, hydroxyapatite materials have been applied compensate for various pathological defects of oral hard tissues such as bones. Recently, materials produced by coating titanium with hydroxyapatite have been evaluated. However, the physiochemical nature of the hydroxyapatite coating the metal must be diversified depending upon the coating procedures. We have tried to establish a simple technique for quantitative estimation of the affinity of hydroxyapatite coating the metal for tissue cells using an established cell line, HGF-22, derived from human gingival connective tissue. 0.05 ml of suspension (1.0• cells/ml culture medium) of HGF-22 fibroblasts harvested from subconftuent cultures was applied to a defined area (0.5 mm in diameter) of the surface of the hydroxyapatite and then incubated in a CO2-incubator for 1 to 20 hr at 37~ After incubation for various times, attached and spread cells were carefully fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) for 20 min at 4~ and then stained with toluidine blue. Stained specimens were photographed using a light microscopic photographic system. Attached and spread cells in randomly selected unit
233
areas of photographs were counted and efficiencies of attachment and spreading were calculated, respectively. Thus, the reliable and quantitative estimation of the affinity of hydroxyapatite-coated materials for tissue cells is possible. Using this method we have studied the relationship with the thickness of the hydroxyapatite layer. It was produced by means of a plasma coating method followed by hydrothermal treatment, and the affinity for cultured human gingival fibroblasts was measured. The utillity of this method based on the results obtained will be discussed.
9. Study of Carbonate-Containing Apatite as a Bone Augumentation Material
Yamaguchi, K., Nagahara, If., Matsuoka, T., Kubota, T., Mouri, Ko, Kamegai, A., Kanematsu, N. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Japan Calcium phosphate ceramics such as hydroxyapatite (HAP) and beta-tricalcium phosphate have been employed as bone augmentation material in reconstructive surgery. Each material has individual advantages and disadvantages. In the present study, carbonate-containing apatite was manufactured in our department and histocompatibility and clinical usage was evaluated. Carbonate-containing apatite was prepared from aqueous media and sintered for 2 hours at 750~ containing 6.0 wt%. HAP without carbonate was sintered for 2 hours at 1200~ I3-TCP was sintered for 2 hours at 900~ under the dry process. The materials employed for the present study were passed through 30~500 ~tm mesh after grinding. The solubility of the materials were studied in lactate Ringer solution at 37~ Six-week-old male Wistar rats were prepared for the experiment. Each material was implanted into the bone marrow space of rat femur. The samples were taken 7, 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after operation. The samples were fixed in neutral buffered 10% formalin, decalcified with 0.5 M EDTA4Na solution and embedded in paraffin for histological evaluation. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), tissue samples were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and dehydrated under a critical point dryer before vacuum evaporation for the observation. The solubility of carbonate-containing apatite in the tissue was shown to depend on the amount of carbonate. Bone induction by carbonate-containing apatite in rat femur was similar to HAP. These results suggest that carbonatecontaining apatite have the advantages of both HAP and [3TCR