- Email: [email protected]
Study on antioxidation activity of chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon
S586
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S577–S588
References Hu, J.C., Xue, D.L., Wang, S.J., 1998. Obstacle of soybean continuous cropping. II. Mechanism for soybean yield decline and strategies for toxin of Penicillium purpurogenum in soils. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol. 9, 429–434. Jensen, P.R., Mincer, T.J., Williams, P.G., Fenical, W., 2005. Marine actinomycete diversity and natural product discovery. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 87, 43–48. Omura, S., Iwai, Y., Hirano, A., Nakagawa, A., Awaya, J., Tsuchiya, H., Takahashi, Y., Asuma, R., 1977. A new alkaloid AM-2282 of Streptomyces origin taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and preliminary characterization. J. Antibiot. 30, 275–282.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1380 VI5-P-024 Chitin oligosaccharides production from enzymatic hydrolyzing crab shells Wu Yuanyuan 1,2 , Lv Yang 1,2 , Bai Xuefang 1 , Du Yuguang 1,∗ 1
Natural Products & Oligosaccharide Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10089, China E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Yuguang).
In order to find an environment friendly way of producing chitin oligosaccharides from pretreated crab shells, we hydrolyze emulsified pretreated crab shells with chitinase whose gene is from Aspergillus fumigatus YJ-407 and cloned and expressed in E. coli (Xia et al., 2001; Anonymous, 2008). After optimizing chitinase enzymatic hydrolysis conditions using Orthogonal Experimental Design, we conduct the hydrolysis experiment under the conditions which is adding 5 g chitinase to every 0.022 g emulsified crab shells and keeping this 2 ml solution in 50 ◦ C and pH 5.0 environment. After 75 min reaction, we analyze the hydrolyzed products by HPAECPAD (Anonymous, 2008) and TLC (Anonymous, 2008). The results showed that crab shells without fierce acid and alkali pretreatment can be readily hydrolyzed by this chitinase. There are mainly three kinds of chitin oligosaccharides in the hydrolyzed solution. They are N-acetyl-glucosamine, chitobiose and chitotriose, and chitobiose is the most abundant product. The production efficiencies are separately 7.21%, 1.15%, and 0.29% for chitobiose, N-acetyl-glucosamine and chitotriose. The result can be used as a base for the more valuable development about the trash crab shells.
in cis configuration. It is widely accepted that PUFAs rich in fish oils protect against several types of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, restenosis, and hypertension (Abeywardena and Head, 2001; Kris-Etherton et al., 2002). The increased interest in the potential health benefits associated with the consumption of PUFAs has led to the investigation of which becoming hotspot. Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis are economically important aquatic product that are widely cultured in China. Literatures reported that which are rich in fatty acid, especially in PUFAs (Ying et al., 2004). However, extraction methods of PUFAs used in those studies before are either hydrodistillation or solvent extraction. The disadvantages of these conventional techniques are low yield, losses of volatile compounds, long extraction times, toxic solvent residues, degradation of unsaturated compounds, giving undesirable off-flavour compounds. To overcome which, in this study, an efficient method of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC CO2 ) was developed to extract PUFAs from crab ovaries E. sinensis. The composition and content of PUFAs were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). To obtain higher yields of PUFAs, the effects of process parameters such as the amount of solvent ethanol, the added amount of cosolvent urea, operation temperature and adduction time were optimized by orthogonal design experiment. The optimal conditions for the extraction of PUFAs by SC CO2 were below: material:urea:ethanol = 1:4:6, adduction at −18 ◦ C for 32 h. Under the above optimal conditions, the recovery of fatty acids from material was 15.7%, among which the content of PUFAs was 64.2%. Compared with solvent extraction, SC CO2 extraction method appeared to be more effective, simple, safe and economic.
References Abeywardena, M.Y., Head, R.J., 2001. Longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood vessel function. Cardiovasc. Res. 52, 361–371. Kris-Etherton, P.M., Harris, W.S., Appel, L.J., 2002. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106, 2747–2757. Ying, X.P., Yang, W.X., Xu, J., Lin, F.F., Santos, A., 2004. Histological changes and cement gland characters of female pleopod of E. sinensis in different physiological stages. Zool. Res. 25, 256–262.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1382 VI5-P-026 Study on antioxidation activity of chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon
References Xia, G., Jin, C., Zhou, J., Yang, S., Zhang, S., Jin, C., 2001. A novel chitinase having a unique mode of action from Aspergillus fumigatus YJ-407. Eur. J. Biochem. 268, 4079–4085. Omitted for use other languages than English.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1381 VI5-P-025 Extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids from crab ovaries Eriocheir sinensis by supercritical carbon dioxide Beiwei Zhu ∗ , Dayong Zhou, Jingfeng Yang, ZhaoFang Liu College of Bio & Food Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Zhu). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belong to the class of simple lipids, as they are fatty acids with two or more double bonds
Jiang Zheng ∗ , Yujian Chen, Ruizhang Guan Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for Aquaculture and Food Safety in Fujian Province University, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J. Zheng), [email protected] (R. Guan). Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important bioactive material, which can be used as an anticoagulant and help inhibit tumor cells (Mourano et al., 1996; Timer et al., 1995). Sturgeon CS is a new potential medical resource that we do not know much about it. In the present paper, the antioxidation activities of sturgeon CS and shark CS were comparatively studied. The results show that sturgeon chondroitin sulfate has obvious scavenging activity to hydroxyl radical (p < 0.05) whose elimination rate reaches to 18.79% at the concentration of 100 g/mL. Sturgeon CS can also eliminate superoxide anions remarkably (p < 0.05), whose elimination rate reaches to 51.60% at 100 g/mL. It also appears remarkable inhibitory effects on hemolysis of rat erythrocytes induced by H2 O2
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S577–S588
(p < 0.05) whose inhibitory rate is 37.09% at 100 g/mL. It can inhibit lipid peroxidation of rat liver homogenate remarkably (p < 0.01) whose inhibitory rate reaches 76.29% at 100 g/mL. Compared with Shark CS, sturgeon CS is remarkably better than shark CS in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of rat liver homogenate (p < 0.05), but shark CS was better than sturgeon CS in scavenging the hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and inhibition effect to hemolysis of rat erythrocytes (p < 0.05).
References
Acknowledgement
VI5-P-030
The research was supported by Project of Science and Technology of Xiamen (No. 3502Z20031048).
S587
Williams, R.P., Quadri, S.M., 1980. The pigments of Serratia. In: Von Graevenitz, A., Rubin, S.J. (Eds.), The Genus Serratia. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 31–75. Yi, H., Chang, Y.H., Oh, H.W., Bae, K.S., Chun, J.S., 2003. Zooshikella ganghwensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediments. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 53, 1013–1018.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1384
Secondary metabolites of marine sponge Sarcotragus sp. Nan Wang 1,2 , Jongheon Shin 2,∗ 1
References Mourano, P.A.S., Pereira, M.S., Pavao, M.S.G., et al., 1996. Structure and anticoagulant activity of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from echinoderm sulfated fucose branches on the polysaccharides account for its high anticoagulant action. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (39), 23973–23979. Timer, J., Diczhazi, C., Bartha, I., et al., 1995. Modulation of heparin sulfate/chondroitin sulfate ratio by glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis inhibitors affects liver metabolic potential of tumor cells. Int. J. Cancer 62 (6), 755–769.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1383 VI5-P-029 Free radical scavenging activity of Zooshikella sp. JE-34 secondly metabolites by electron spin resonance spectrometry Ju-Sang Kim, Yong-Jae Han, Moon-Soo Heo ∗ Faculty of Marine Science, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea E-mail address: [email protected] (M.-S. Heo). A bacterial strain producing a high concentration of red pigment isolated from sediment that had been collected East China Sea, Which was recorded as JE-34. It was identified as Zooshikella sp. JE-34 as based on the biochemical properties, cellular fatty acids analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The strains were Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic, aerobic and required NaCl (0.5–8%) for growth and major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-9. The pigment showed characteristics similar to prodigiosin, as it is insoluble in water and has a red colour with a metallic green sheen. Prodigiosin has been reported a maximum absorption of 535–540 nm (Yi et al., 2003). To date, prodigiosin and its analogues which have been shown to have anticancer, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities have been isolated from Serratia marcescens, Psedomonas and Streptomyces species, and chemically synthesized (Williams and Quadri, 1980). The radical scavenging activities of the extracts from JE-34 cell (ZC) and culture broth (ZB) according to extraction solvents and fractions on hydroxyl, alkyl and DPPH radical were investigated using a ESR spectrophotometer and compared with the ESR signal intensity. The extracts exhibited strong scavenging activity on hydroxyl, alkyl and DPPH radical, and the activity increased with increment of concentration of the extracts. The electron donating abilities (EDAs) of ZC acetone extract (ZCAE) and ZC ether-soluble fraction (ZCfr.E) were 95.74% and 94.51% at 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of the ZC hot water extract (ZC70E) was highest (59.08% at 1 mg/ml), and alkyl radical scavenging ability was highest in the ZC water extract (ZC25E; 84.05% at 1 mg/ml). From these results, ZC extracts and fractions had strong antioxidant activities.
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China 2 Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Kwanak, Seoul, Republic of Korea E-mail addresses: [email protected] (N. Wang), [email protected] (J. Shin).
Marine organisms, particularly sponges, have continued to provide a large group of linear sesterterpenes. Quite a number of these compounds contain a beta-substituted furan ring, some times a butenolide, in one terminal and a tetronic acid moiety in the other. The sesterterpenes were called furanosesterterpene tetronic acids, often abbreviated to FTA. They always co-occur with their degradated products including C21, C22 and C24 norsesterterpenes (Gonzalez Gonzalez et al., 1983). Sponges of genera Ircinia and Sarcotragus have produced a wide variety of FTAs. Studies showed FTAs possessed biological properties such as antimicrobial activity, antiinflammation, cytotoxicity, as well as anti-predator and antifouling actions (Choi et al., 2004; Pawlik et al., 2002). In the course of our search for biologically active lead compounds from marine organisms, sponge Sarcotragus sp. collected at Soheuksan Island in southwestern Korea which showed promising activities was chemically studied. Brine shrimp lethality assay and proton NMR co-guided fractionation led to four active fractions which displayed characteristic FTA resonances in 1H NMR spectra. Two of the active and structurally interesting fractions were intensively studied. Nineteen new sesterterpenoids along with eight known ones were isolated from the sponge Sarcotragus sp. Solvent extraction, reversed phase flash chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex LH 20, and semi-preparative HPLC were employed for separation and purification of the metabolites. Structurally elucidation of the 27 metabolites were aided by 1D, 2D NMR, HRFABMS, IR, and UV. The absolute stereochemical features of some metabolites were pinned down by oxidation cleavage, PGME amides preparation, circular dichroic spectroscopy, and specific optical rotation data comparison. Several compounds exhibited moderate to major antibacterial activity (compounds 1–3, 17 and 18) and cytotoxicity (3, 11 and 12) against the K562 cell line and inhibitory activity against isocitrate lyase (6 and 13). References Choi, K., Hong, J., Lee, C., Kim, D., Sim, C., Im, K., Jung, J., 2004. Cytotoxic furanosesterterpenes from a marine sponge Psammocinia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 67, 1186–1189. Gonzalez Gonzalez, A., Lopez Rodriguez, M., San Martin Barrientos, A., 1983. On the stereochemistry and biogenesis of twenty-one carbon linear furanoterpenes in Ircinia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 46, 256–261. Pawlik, J.R., McFall, G., Zea, S., 2002. Does the odor from sponges of the genus Ircinia protect them from fish predators? J. Chem. Ecol. 28, 1103–1115.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1385
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S577–S588
References Hu, J.C., Xue, D.L., Wang, S.J., 1998. Obstacle of soybean continuous cropping. II. Mechanism for soybean yield decline and strategies for toxin of Penicillium purpurogenum in soils. Chin. J. Appl. Ecol. 9, 429–434. Jensen, P.R., Mincer, T.J., Williams, P.G., Fenical, W., 2005. Marine actinomycete diversity and natural product discovery. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 87, 43–48. Omura, S., Iwai, Y., Hirano, A., Nakagawa, A., Awaya, J., Tsuchiya, H., Takahashi, Y., Asuma, R., 1977. A new alkaloid AM-2282 of Streptomyces origin taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and preliminary characterization. J. Antibiot. 30, 275–282.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1380 VI5-P-024 Chitin oligosaccharides production from enzymatic hydrolyzing crab shells Wu Yuanyuan 1,2 , Lv Yang 1,2 , Bai Xuefang 1 , Du Yuguang 1,∗ 1
Natural Products & Oligosaccharide Engineering Group, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10089, China E-mail address: [email protected] (D. Yuguang).
In order to find an environment friendly way of producing chitin oligosaccharides from pretreated crab shells, we hydrolyze emulsified pretreated crab shells with chitinase whose gene is from Aspergillus fumigatus YJ-407 and cloned and expressed in E. coli (Xia et al., 2001; Anonymous, 2008). After optimizing chitinase enzymatic hydrolysis conditions using Orthogonal Experimental Design, we conduct the hydrolysis experiment under the conditions which is adding 5 g chitinase to every 0.022 g emulsified crab shells and keeping this 2 ml solution in 50 ◦ C and pH 5.0 environment. After 75 min reaction, we analyze the hydrolyzed products by HPAECPAD (Anonymous, 2008) and TLC (Anonymous, 2008). The results showed that crab shells without fierce acid and alkali pretreatment can be readily hydrolyzed by this chitinase. There are mainly three kinds of chitin oligosaccharides in the hydrolyzed solution. They are N-acetyl-glucosamine, chitobiose and chitotriose, and chitobiose is the most abundant product. The production efficiencies are separately 7.21%, 1.15%, and 0.29% for chitobiose, N-acetyl-glucosamine and chitotriose. The result can be used as a base for the more valuable development about the trash crab shells.
in cis configuration. It is widely accepted that PUFAs rich in fish oils protect against several types of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, restenosis, and hypertension (Abeywardena and Head, 2001; Kris-Etherton et al., 2002). The increased interest in the potential health benefits associated with the consumption of PUFAs has led to the investigation of which becoming hotspot. Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis are economically important aquatic product that are widely cultured in China. Literatures reported that which are rich in fatty acid, especially in PUFAs (Ying et al., 2004). However, extraction methods of PUFAs used in those studies before are either hydrodistillation or solvent extraction. The disadvantages of these conventional techniques are low yield, losses of volatile compounds, long extraction times, toxic solvent residues, degradation of unsaturated compounds, giving undesirable off-flavour compounds. To overcome which, in this study, an efficient method of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SC CO2 ) was developed to extract PUFAs from crab ovaries E. sinensis. The composition and content of PUFAs were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). To obtain higher yields of PUFAs, the effects of process parameters such as the amount of solvent ethanol, the added amount of cosolvent urea, operation temperature and adduction time were optimized by orthogonal design experiment. The optimal conditions for the extraction of PUFAs by SC CO2 were below: material:urea:ethanol = 1:4:6, adduction at −18 ◦ C for 32 h. Under the above optimal conditions, the recovery of fatty acids from material was 15.7%, among which the content of PUFAs was 64.2%. Compared with solvent extraction, SC CO2 extraction method appeared to be more effective, simple, safe and economic.
References Abeywardena, M.Y., Head, R.J., 2001. Longchain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and blood vessel function. Cardiovasc. Res. 52, 361–371. Kris-Etherton, P.M., Harris, W.S., Appel, L.J., 2002. Fish consumption, fish oil, omega-3 fatty acids, and cardiovascular disease. Circulation 106, 2747–2757. Ying, X.P., Yang, W.X., Xu, J., Lin, F.F., Santos, A., 2004. Histological changes and cement gland characters of female pleopod of E. sinensis in different physiological stages. Zool. Res. 25, 256–262.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1382 VI5-P-026 Study on antioxidation activity of chondroitin sulfate from sturgeon
References Xia, G., Jin, C., Zhou, J., Yang, S., Zhang, S., Jin, C., 2001. A novel chitinase having a unique mode of action from Aspergillus fumigatus YJ-407. Eur. J. Biochem. 268, 4079–4085. Omitted for use other languages than English.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1381 VI5-P-025 Extraction of polyunsaturated fatty acids from crab ovaries Eriocheir sinensis by supercritical carbon dioxide Beiwei Zhu ∗ , Dayong Zhou, Jingfeng Yang, ZhaoFang Liu College of Bio & Food Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, PR China E-mail address: [email protected] (B. Zhu). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belong to the class of simple lipids, as they are fatty acids with two or more double bonds
Jiang Zheng ∗ , Yujian Chen, Ruizhang Guan Key Laboratory of Science and Technology for Aquaculture and Food Safety in Fujian Province University, Fisheries College of Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China E-mail addresses: [email protected] (J. Zheng), [email protected] (R. Guan). Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is an important bioactive material, which can be used as an anticoagulant and help inhibit tumor cells (Mourano et al., 1996; Timer et al., 1995). Sturgeon CS is a new potential medical resource that we do not know much about it. In the present paper, the antioxidation activities of sturgeon CS and shark CS were comparatively studied. The results show that sturgeon chondroitin sulfate has obvious scavenging activity to hydroxyl radical (p < 0.05) whose elimination rate reaches to 18.79% at the concentration of 100 g/mL. Sturgeon CS can also eliminate superoxide anions remarkably (p < 0.05), whose elimination rate reaches to 51.60% at 100 g/mL. It also appears remarkable inhibitory effects on hemolysis of rat erythrocytes induced by H2 O2
Abstracts / Journal of Biotechnology 136S (2008) S577–S588
(p < 0.05) whose inhibitory rate is 37.09% at 100 g/mL. It can inhibit lipid peroxidation of rat liver homogenate remarkably (p < 0.01) whose inhibitory rate reaches 76.29% at 100 g/mL. Compared with Shark CS, sturgeon CS is remarkably better than shark CS in the inhibition of lipid peroxidation of rat liver homogenate (p < 0.05), but shark CS was better than sturgeon CS in scavenging the hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion and inhibition effect to hemolysis of rat erythrocytes (p < 0.05).
References
Acknowledgement
VI5-P-030
The research was supported by Project of Science and Technology of Xiamen (No. 3502Z20031048).
S587
Williams, R.P., Quadri, S.M., 1980. The pigments of Serratia. In: Von Graevenitz, A., Rubin, S.J. (Eds.), The Genus Serratia. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 31–75. Yi, H., Chang, Y.H., Oh, H.W., Bae, K.S., Chun, J.S., 2003. Zooshikella ganghwensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from tidal flat sediments. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 53, 1013–1018.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1384
Secondary metabolites of marine sponge Sarcotragus sp. Nan Wang 1,2 , Jongheon Shin 2,∗ 1
References Mourano, P.A.S., Pereira, M.S., Pavao, M.S.G., et al., 1996. Structure and anticoagulant activity of fucosylated chondroitin sulfate from echinoderm sulfated fucose branches on the polysaccharides account for its high anticoagulant action. J. Biol. Chem. 271 (39), 23973–23979. Timer, J., Diczhazi, C., Bartha, I., et al., 1995. Modulation of heparin sulfate/chondroitin sulfate ratio by glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis inhibitors affects liver metabolic potential of tumor cells. Int. J. Cancer 62 (6), 755–769.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1383 VI5-P-029 Free radical scavenging activity of Zooshikella sp. JE-34 secondly metabolites by electron spin resonance spectrometry Ju-Sang Kim, Yong-Jae Han, Moon-Soo Heo ∗ Faculty of Marine Science, Cheju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea E-mail address: [email protected] (M.-S. Heo). A bacterial strain producing a high concentration of red pigment isolated from sediment that had been collected East China Sea, Which was recorded as JE-34. It was identified as Zooshikella sp. JE-34 as based on the biochemical properties, cellular fatty acids analysis and 16S rRNA gene sequence. The strains were Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic, aerobic and required NaCl (0.5–8%) for growth and major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-9. The pigment showed characteristics similar to prodigiosin, as it is insoluble in water and has a red colour with a metallic green sheen. Prodigiosin has been reported a maximum absorption of 535–540 nm (Yi et al., 2003). To date, prodigiosin and its analogues which have been shown to have anticancer, cytotoxic and immunosuppressive activities have been isolated from Serratia marcescens, Psedomonas and Streptomyces species, and chemically synthesized (Williams and Quadri, 1980). The radical scavenging activities of the extracts from JE-34 cell (ZC) and culture broth (ZB) according to extraction solvents and fractions on hydroxyl, alkyl and DPPH radical were investigated using a ESR spectrophotometer and compared with the ESR signal intensity. The extracts exhibited strong scavenging activity on hydroxyl, alkyl and DPPH radical, and the activity increased with increment of concentration of the extracts. The electron donating abilities (EDAs) of ZC acetone extract (ZCAE) and ZC ether-soluble fraction (ZCfr.E) were 95.74% and 94.51% at 0.5 mg/ml, respectively. The hydroxyl radical scavenging ability of the ZC hot water extract (ZC70E) was highest (59.08% at 1 mg/ml), and alkyl radical scavenging ability was highest in the ZC water extract (ZC25E; 84.05% at 1 mg/ml). From these results, ZC extracts and fractions had strong antioxidant activities.
Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China 2 Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Kwanak, Seoul, Republic of Korea E-mail addresses: [email protected] (N. Wang), [email protected] (J. Shin).
Marine organisms, particularly sponges, have continued to provide a large group of linear sesterterpenes. Quite a number of these compounds contain a beta-substituted furan ring, some times a butenolide, in one terminal and a tetronic acid moiety in the other. The sesterterpenes were called furanosesterterpene tetronic acids, often abbreviated to FTA. They always co-occur with their degradated products including C21, C22 and C24 norsesterterpenes (Gonzalez Gonzalez et al., 1983). Sponges of genera Ircinia and Sarcotragus have produced a wide variety of FTAs. Studies showed FTAs possessed biological properties such as antimicrobial activity, antiinflammation, cytotoxicity, as well as anti-predator and antifouling actions (Choi et al., 2004; Pawlik et al., 2002). In the course of our search for biologically active lead compounds from marine organisms, sponge Sarcotragus sp. collected at Soheuksan Island in southwestern Korea which showed promising activities was chemically studied. Brine shrimp lethality assay and proton NMR co-guided fractionation led to four active fractions which displayed characteristic FTA resonances in 1H NMR spectra. Two of the active and structurally interesting fractions were intensively studied. Nineteen new sesterterpenoids along with eight known ones were isolated from the sponge Sarcotragus sp. Solvent extraction, reversed phase flash chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex LH 20, and semi-preparative HPLC were employed for separation and purification of the metabolites. Structurally elucidation of the 27 metabolites were aided by 1D, 2D NMR, HRFABMS, IR, and UV. The absolute stereochemical features of some metabolites were pinned down by oxidation cleavage, PGME amides preparation, circular dichroic spectroscopy, and specific optical rotation data comparison. Several compounds exhibited moderate to major antibacterial activity (compounds 1–3, 17 and 18) and cytotoxicity (3, 11 and 12) against the K562 cell line and inhibitory activity against isocitrate lyase (6 and 13). References Choi, K., Hong, J., Lee, C., Kim, D., Sim, C., Im, K., Jung, J., 2004. Cytotoxic furanosesterterpenes from a marine sponge Psammocinia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 67, 1186–1189. Gonzalez Gonzalez, A., Lopez Rodriguez, M., San Martin Barrientos, A., 1983. On the stereochemistry and biogenesis of twenty-one carbon linear furanoterpenes in Ircinia sp. J. Nat. Prod. 46, 256–261. Pawlik, J.R., McFall, G., Zea, S., 2002. Does the odor from sponges of the genus Ircinia protect them from fish predators? J. Chem. Ecol. 28, 1103–1115.
doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.07.1385