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SUBSTITUTES.
469 of which disease he left an account of instituted a prosecution ,against a grocer for selling beet’ In giving his decision Mr. six cases, but for the outside world he is chiefly memorable crystals as Demerara sugar. of Admiral Parry the Arctic explorer. Bros said that it had been very strongly urged in this as the father Judging by the fragments of the MS. given in the article case that prejudice to the purchaser could not be proved, under consideration the possessor of it would confer no because the article supplied was alleged to be superior small benefit upon the reading public if he were to consent to the article asked for. The question for him to to publish the whole. ___ consider, as he very rightly pointed out, was not whether the article was superior to the article asked for, but SERIOUS POLLUTION OF CHESHIRE STREAMS. whether it was of the same nature, substance, and quality. UN tne 27th ult., at tne Northwich county court, an Though the article might be of the same nature and quality application was made on behalf of the Northwich rural it clearly was not of the same substance. We welcome this’ council for the removal of the suspension of an order sensible decision and congratulate the Islington vestry on requiring the Cheshire Alkali and Salt Co. of Middlewich to having established a sound principle. We should like to see abstain from polluting the Rivers Dane and Crocs and calling this principle extended to all other articles of purchase, so that the buyer may get what he asks for and not a sub-on them to show cause why a penalty of .620 a day allowed under the order should not be enforced. An affidavit stated stitute. A short Act based on this definition would comthat on Jan. 6th the two streams were white, apparently from prehend all articles of trade, and not be restricted simply to lime refuse, and dead and dying fish were floating on the articles of food or clothing. In short, it would be an Act to surface. The company’s advocate denied the statements in deal decisively and effectively with one branch at least of the affidavit and pressed for time to complete preventive commercial immorality.
exophthalmic goitre,
°
-
works.
The judge said : " You have not filed a counterINFECTIVE MYELITIS. affidavit. I saw this thing myself, and it is an intolerable then nuisance which ought to be stopped." The advocate IN the last number of the Neurologisches Centralblatt therestated that the company had bought ten acres of land and isanabstract of a paper on this subject by Babes and, had plans for a reservoir which would cost several thousands Varnali. The writers restrict the term" myelitis"to true, of pounds. The judge : " I fail to see that I can do anything inflammatory processes, involving the vessels and connective but remove the suspension and allow the penalty of £20 a day tissue, excluding sclerotic or degenerative changes, and this, for every day the offence is committed to be enforced." of course, postulates a virus for infective myelitis. From. There may, then; still be some hope that our streams and a consideration of other cases and of five which they themrivers will in time cease to be mere s.ewers. selves observed they consider that in such cases inflammation of bloodvessels is a necessary part of the process.. SUBSTITUTES. Changes in the parenchyma of the spinal cord follow these in vessel. Especially do the toxin of the tubercle IT seems to us that the principal offence which is com- changes the virus of syphilis cause such vascular changes. bacillus and mitted in trade nowadays is that of tendering substitutes, or without any affection of’ the real article mixed with a proportion of substitutes, Micro-organisms, however, may vessels the nerve or cells, surround them and gives . penetrate instead of the unsophisticated substance. That being so, rise to a peri-cellular inflammation in which the bloodvessels the scope of the present Food and Drugs Act might well be simplified in accordance with modern requirements. In participate, as in hydrophobia, or in other cases, such as. those of tetanus, the toxin may cause only alterations in the’ fact, we are almost inclined to think that the whole Act and its somewhat intricate clauses could be consolidated nerve cells. The paper is interesting and suggestive, espe-down to a very simple enactment. We would suggest, for cially in reference to the examination by cultures, &c., of the cords from cases of especially acute myelitis. that the seller should be to u
w
example,
required
supply exactly
the article demanded and nothing ulse. If there should be UNDERGROUND CELLARS AS BAKEHOUSES. any difficulty as to what a given term means let the State THE Factory and Workshops Act of 1895, like all other provide a definition. Thus the seller should be given to understand that when the buyer asks for "pure coffee" Acts of Parliament, is drawn so that a coach-and-four can be it should contain no chicory or other substance that is run through it. The Act provides that no bakehouse undernot coffee, that "buttermust be free from foreign fats, ground shall be permitted after January lst, 1896. Mr. Berry, that " milk" must be the normal product of the cow; and the medical officer of health for the County Borough of Demerara sugar cane sugar not beet crystals, and so on. Wigan, finding that a bakehouse which was not in use And we would extend this enactment to articles of clothing on Jan. 1st, 1896, and had not been so from May, and other commodities. If a buyer asks for linen the seller 1895, was re-opened as a bakehouse on Dec. 2nd, 1896, has no right to tender him linenette"or for flannel laid informations against the owner and also the occupier. " flannelette." Nor should the seller tender anything in the The case being an important one was defended by Mr nature of a substitute without informing the buyer to that Horridge, barrister, of Liverpool, Mr. J. J. Charnock, effect. The fact that two things are of the same chemical Town Clerk of Wigan, appearing for the medical officercemposition, but in other respects different, is no justifi- of health. The case turned upon the question as tc cation for substitution, otherwise a vendor would be justified whether this was a bakehouse in use on Jan. lst, 1896, in offering oil of turpentine for oil of lemon, or oil of when the Act having reference to underground bake-peppermint for oil of lavender. Yet the chemical com- houses came into force. Mr. Horridge submitted that they position of these substances is the same. So is that of beet were entitled to use this underground bakehouse and said’ sugar and cane sugar, but this does not justify a grocer the question which arose was one of law. The Act which calling his beet sugar Demerara or supplying his customer came into operation in 1896 did not interfere with existing with beet sugar when he asks for cane sugar or Demerara rights, and although from that date the Legislature would’ crystals. Wehave not one word to say, be it food or article not allow an underground bakehouse, yet the bakehouseof clothing, against substitutes, but to supply a substitute in question had been in use from time to time, and on afainst the knowledge of the purchaser is undoubtedly to Jan. 1st, 1896, was merely waiting for a tenant. The’ (:, uimit a fraud, and sellers should be brought to understand magistrates who heard the case in Wigan Borough Police-court this. That was the principle which at any rate, we rejoice said that after consideiing the case they had decided that theto say, was upheld last week when the Islington vestry cellar in question was used as a bakehouse and that the-
exophthalmic goitre,
°
-
works.
The judge said : " You have not filed a counterINFECTIVE MYELITIS. affidavit. I saw this thing myself, and it is an intolerable then nuisance which ought to be stopped." The advocate IN the last number of the Neurologisches Centralblatt therestated that the company had bought ten acres of land and isanabstract of a paper on this subject by Babes and, had plans for a reservoir which would cost several thousands Varnali. The writers restrict the term" myelitis"to true, of pounds. The judge : " I fail to see that I can do anything inflammatory processes, involving the vessels and connective but remove the suspension and allow the penalty of £20 a day tissue, excluding sclerotic or degenerative changes, and this, for every day the offence is committed to be enforced." of course, postulates a virus for infective myelitis. From. There may, then; still be some hope that our streams and a consideration of other cases and of five which they themrivers will in time cease to be mere s.ewers. selves observed they consider that in such cases inflammation of bloodvessels is a necessary part of the process.. SUBSTITUTES. Changes in the parenchyma of the spinal cord follow these in vessel. Especially do the toxin of the tubercle IT seems to us that the principal offence which is com- changes the virus of syphilis cause such vascular changes. bacillus and mitted in trade nowadays is that of tendering substitutes, or without any affection of’ the real article mixed with a proportion of substitutes, Micro-organisms, however, may vessels the nerve or cells, surround them and gives . penetrate instead of the unsophisticated substance. That being so, rise to a peri-cellular inflammation in which the bloodvessels the scope of the present Food and Drugs Act might well be simplified in accordance with modern requirements. In participate, as in hydrophobia, or in other cases, such as. those of tetanus, the toxin may cause only alterations in the’ fact, we are almost inclined to think that the whole Act and its somewhat intricate clauses could be consolidated nerve cells. The paper is interesting and suggestive, espe-down to a very simple enactment. We would suggest, for cially in reference to the examination by cultures, &c., of the cords from cases of especially acute myelitis. that the seller should be to u
w
example,
required
supply exactly
the article demanded and nothing ulse. If there should be UNDERGROUND CELLARS AS BAKEHOUSES. any difficulty as to what a given term means let the State THE Factory and Workshops Act of 1895, like all other provide a definition. Thus the seller should be given to understand that when the buyer asks for "pure coffee" Acts of Parliament, is drawn so that a coach-and-four can be it should contain no chicory or other substance that is run through it. The Act provides that no bakehouse undernot coffee, that "buttermust be free from foreign fats, ground shall be permitted after January lst, 1896. Mr. Berry, that " milk" must be the normal product of the cow; and the medical officer of health for the County Borough of Demerara sugar cane sugar not beet crystals, and so on. Wigan, finding that a bakehouse which was not in use And we would extend this enactment to articles of clothing on Jan. 1st, 1896, and had not been so from May, and other commodities. If a buyer asks for linen the seller 1895, was re-opened as a bakehouse on Dec. 2nd, 1896, has no right to tender him linenette"or for flannel laid informations against the owner and also the occupier. " flannelette." Nor should the seller tender anything in the The case being an important one was defended by Mr nature of a substitute without informing the buyer to that Horridge, barrister, of Liverpool, Mr. J. J. Charnock, effect. The fact that two things are of the same chemical Town Clerk of Wigan, appearing for the medical officercemposition, but in other respects different, is no justifi- of health. The case turned upon the question as tc cation for substitution, otherwise a vendor would be justified whether this was a bakehouse in use on Jan. lst, 1896, in offering oil of turpentine for oil of lemon, or oil of when the Act having reference to underground bake-peppermint for oil of lavender. Yet the chemical com- houses came into force. Mr. Horridge submitted that they position of these substances is the same. So is that of beet were entitled to use this underground bakehouse and said’ sugar and cane sugar, but this does not justify a grocer the question which arose was one of law. The Act which calling his beet sugar Demerara or supplying his customer came into operation in 1896 did not interfere with existing with beet sugar when he asks for cane sugar or Demerara rights, and although from that date the Legislature would’ crystals. Wehave not one word to say, be it food or article not allow an underground bakehouse, yet the bakehouseof clothing, against substitutes, but to supply a substitute in question had been in use from time to time, and on afainst the knowledge of the purchaser is undoubtedly to Jan. 1st, 1896, was merely waiting for a tenant. The’ (:, uimit a fraud, and sellers should be brought to understand magistrates who heard the case in Wigan Borough Police-court this. That was the principle which at any rate, we rejoice said that after consideiing the case they had decided that theto say, was upheld last week when the Islington vestry cellar in question was used as a bakehouse and that the-