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Suicides committed by minors
150
(mainly negroid-non-muslem) and the changing pattern nomic development are pointed out,. Mallik,
C. C. (Calcutta,
EXAMINATION CASE
OF
OF
with socio-eco-
India)
15 BONE
FRAGMENTS
LEADING
TO
DETECTION
OF
A
HOMICIDE
In medicolegal practice forensic pathologists have sometimes to examine mutilated fragments or isolated bones and arrive at an opinion as regards identity, cause of death, and nature of death. The task is none too easy and requires considerable skill and accuracy of observation, especially so in homicide cases. Reconstruction has to be done from the available material. A careful note of the injuries found on the bone fragments will have to be made. Whether the injuries were ante-mortem or post-mortem, the cause of death, the nature of death, and the time since death, will have to be determined. The author in this article narrates how he came to an opinion after examination of 15 bone fragments recovered from a brick sewer. Earlier, a young man had disappeared and remained untraced till a clue was found concerning his mutilation and the subsequent concealment of his dead body inside the brick sewer. The accused were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Marek, Z., J. Widacki and W. Zwarysiewicz SUICIDES
COMMITTED
BY
(Cracow,
Poland)
MINORS
The bodies of 76 minors, under 18 years of age, who had committed suicide during the period 1960 - 1974, were examined in the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Academy in Cracow. The youngest suicide victim was a boy of 8.5 years of age. The majority of cases (63) referred to minors aged 16 - 18. The causes of death were: hanging, 40 cases; poisoning, 17 cases; jumping from a high place, 8 cases; and 5 other cases including one of shooting. The data were considered from the medicolegal, criminal and social point of view. Martin, COMPARISON ANTIGENS
P. D., S. P. Rand and M. Pereira (London, IN
AND DRIED
EVALUATION BLOODSTAINS
OF
METHODS
OF
U.K.) DETECTION
OF
Rh
The Rh system has great potential for discrimination between bloodstains. Since 1967, various adaptations of absorption-elution have been studied. We have developed and compared 1 manual and 2 automated methods for the detection of C, c, D, E and e antigens. We have also studied the survival of these antigens in stains. A useful innovation was the attachment by adhesive of the bloodstained threads to polycarbonate sheet thus simplifying the washing process prior to elution. The Technicon Antibody Screening Auto-Analyser was used with modifications of the BMC and LISP methods. Pre-papainised indicator cells were used for the manual method. Greatest sensitivity was obtained using LISP followed by BMC. The manual method required the equivalent, of 5 ems of bloodstained thread for all antigens. D and c could be detected from a stain prepared from 0.4 ~1 of blood. Ageing experiments
(mainly negroid-non-muslem) and the changing pattern nomic development are pointed out,. Mallik,
C. C. (Calcutta,
EXAMINATION CASE
OF
OF
with socio-eco-
India)
15 BONE
FRAGMENTS
LEADING
TO
DETECTION
OF
A
HOMICIDE
In medicolegal practice forensic pathologists have sometimes to examine mutilated fragments or isolated bones and arrive at an opinion as regards identity, cause of death, and nature of death. The task is none too easy and requires considerable skill and accuracy of observation, especially so in homicide cases. Reconstruction has to be done from the available material. A careful note of the injuries found on the bone fragments will have to be made. Whether the injuries were ante-mortem or post-mortem, the cause of death, the nature of death, and the time since death, will have to be determined. The author in this article narrates how he came to an opinion after examination of 15 bone fragments recovered from a brick sewer. Earlier, a young man had disappeared and remained untraced till a clue was found concerning his mutilation and the subsequent concealment of his dead body inside the brick sewer. The accused were convicted and sentenced to life imprisonment. Marek, Z., J. Widacki and W. Zwarysiewicz SUICIDES
COMMITTED
BY
(Cracow,
Poland)
MINORS
The bodies of 76 minors, under 18 years of age, who had committed suicide during the period 1960 - 1974, were examined in the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Medical Academy in Cracow. The youngest suicide victim was a boy of 8.5 years of age. The majority of cases (63) referred to minors aged 16 - 18. The causes of death were: hanging, 40 cases; poisoning, 17 cases; jumping from a high place, 8 cases; and 5 other cases including one of shooting. The data were considered from the medicolegal, criminal and social point of view. Martin, COMPARISON ANTIGENS
P. D., S. P. Rand and M. Pereira (London, IN
AND DRIED
EVALUATION BLOODSTAINS
OF
METHODS
OF
U.K.) DETECTION
OF
Rh
The Rh system has great potential for discrimination between bloodstains. Since 1967, various adaptations of absorption-elution have been studied. We have developed and compared 1 manual and 2 automated methods for the detection of C, c, D, E and e antigens. We have also studied the survival of these antigens in stains. A useful innovation was the attachment by adhesive of the bloodstained threads to polycarbonate sheet thus simplifying the washing process prior to elution. The Technicon Antibody Screening Auto-Analyser was used with modifications of the BMC and LISP methods. Pre-papainised indicator cells were used for the manual method. Greatest sensitivity was obtained using LISP followed by BMC. The manual method required the equivalent, of 5 ems of bloodstained thread for all antigens. D and c could be detected from a stain prepared from 0.4 ~1 of blood. Ageing experiments