Summary of the symposium on the occasion of the 40th anniversary of the nuclear shell model

Nuclear Physics A507 (1990) 305c-310c North-Holland

305c

SUMMARY OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE OCCASION OF THE 40th ANNIVERSARY OF THE NUCLEAR SHELL MODEL Akito ARIMA University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan

I

am v e r y

have

been

nuclear

honored

~,hell

me

to

be

tn

this

vet2,

the

Bob

l.awson,

Start

and

of

lovely

the

story

other

tie

wax

as

a

Di-ter

of

a v~atm a n d

Malcolm

the

Macfat

and

from

nuclear

1,~ne,

About llan~

shell

charming

person

who

present

statu~

of

the

Argonne

tlrno

T l~.arr~e(t group

for

nuclear

I,:~,tor~

M(,rtou

l~l:,tor

Kurath,

dlv,~ion,

Mayer.

in

f,r~.t

I

the

tla~s

Irl

the

(la, •

physics

Goeppert

from

parent

posl

u~tng

mentioned l'lllqrl

was

lngl is~ the

of

Cohen,

It

because

35 y e a r ~

room ~tth

1960.

dtrector

Conference.

than

Mac f a r l a n e a

to

f r o n t Dav~,

Maria

this

more

shared

country

Hamermesch,

a

l

1959

much

course

for

As M a l c o l m

speech~ l.aboratory

physlc~

slun'narlze

nuclei

model.

after-dinner National

to

studying

.lol,r,

her

g : hi f f e r

w~. h a v e

beard

Welderunullel

abot~l

mod,~l,

,I. H.~ns

D. d e n s e n .

al~ay~

wof,ornod

uo

~n

Heidelberg. The

ht~lory

reviewed

and

and

emphasized

discussed

the

The

SU(3) model

ful

for

thLs

complete I was

of

light

purpose.

shell

very

by

~mpottance

explained

by

the

tion

ts

to

data.

well

explained.

To

We n u c l e a r the

lack

of

add~l~on

need

a

shell

a

proper

threebody

the

fact

rpmarkablo

model

one

many

when and

these

the

G-T

Phil

m.,.lel

~z ~ , ' I )

~;pace. po~'r-

suc(e~qes major

1,,vels

effect~v,,

propert~e~ one

of

".h~,ll.

energy

quantities

however,

effective

a~

are

sttll

inlera<

energies

twobody one

that

l',ro~n.

~hell him

were

are

~ntera,are

also

tn.~jor

shell

done.

btnding to

by

model

Alex

the

wlthtn

Magnettc

describe be

~h(,ll

and

lnvent-d

repolted

the

physicists,

simultaneously In

nuclel

by

well

must

Elllott truncattng

ealculation~

impressed

calculations

of

Alex

model

fitted

Phil

the

diqcu',~ed

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which

e\plaln,;

as

level

sttu~

inleraction by

from

t~on

.~s w e l l

effective

suffering

Van

tlee~

,)r~,,

tutes. may

althougt~

he

A Anma I Summary of the sympostum

306c

nannoi

~r't, arar~'

action

a

Do,on

Model

Such For

tile

~lted

aisles

b~

ing,

Thl~

Those

1"

named

al,~tes

lians

are

of

.Shell

b~

or

explained

~]ly of

are

known

x~el I

qu(h

gain

duo

to

ground

slates.

,s

dence

for

the

super

howev,~t,

and

at

col listens

mainly

iiio~noltl ~ a r e r,f

|hr~qr

no~*

o,~r I t a -

tr~formatlon

gl~,e

other

on

p¢~S<;l|JlllflOs

deformed

tile

arr~

told

qo

"f~.

much

,au

1,o

about

to

d,'fo~mc,t

,,

a

b3

vr. ry

tile

well

be

l,/[gÜ

(,'~on

, tt , t t g e Ill

r,f

null,

~,lmple of

state r ~rl

~lt~'

s o m , , ~ ilii(, :

ones

very

g,.~ll/It~L

";lat (,[

qud,t~u

surface~

tl~3dc

[nlr,~dor

%ur h

[3o( ,lU','~

, t l , [',

l'r~.~

%,~ch

us

took

rlr, scd %I¢11(,

¢.nergy.

do~:n

the}

that nucle~

an

the

onr. s .

,

mod,~.l

Ru

~h.~

As

seems

to

could

and th,"

super

lclo

Sr ';urldel~

p~, ture

No~

'~orne

found~

f,,r

quost,r~n

exciting

l c~hba(h

states be

bo

open Other

Ilerm,~n

parl

d,'formed.

inter~,sting

molecular tt"O

s~ngle

are

deformatton.

~60

~ow

e×pla,ns

us

~s

called as

of come

qtahl,

~ntrudor

and

deformation It

assume-

finds

l r , ll,

energy

when

o(.tupole

such

~,~

•

told

even

so

tnvol,~

~nteract~on~.

I myself

N=60

octupole

tile

the~¢

deforntal

spher,cal

z~oa F h , a a . with

Rl~bt~r

strongl,

(p p ) z ¢ . l t l c , r

factors

1 nt~r 1,'~

Wohn

calculate

useful

Arhlm

~tlr'

angular

Form

deformation,

Hamamoto

in

nuclei

,,f

from

Sug~ta

occurs

vet2,

plo,

carl

' F h l ~, c a l c u l a t i o n

lkuko

state

states

Fred

~hapes

change

1"

one

Q Q

2d q h o l

erlorg:~

isotopes.

nf

and

~n

to

the

u'iually

ql,.ttes

states

N=60.

by

%l[l(e

k~nds

pairing

[t=HrtqHv~V=r

was

orbtlaI

ho~,ov,,r~

,~s

with

by

e,(< i t a t t o n not

inodoo

calculallorls

~ntorpretod

nuclr~ar

pro

f)tsuka.

4p-gh

en-rg,e~

discovered

exr'ltatlon,

SoMetimes,

4p ].h

model

1~ ~ , l a l r ' n , t h o u g h

lhem.

orbital

ntodel

~holls

of

~t l o l l 3

um

Invol~,lnt;

nature

r

~iale~

bur

that

interesting

the

pointed

3MeV

momenl

s( IS'~oi's

very

Beside

indeed at

The

1,sit}

~lound

lntr,

Inl~rJ~llug

lachello.

lhe

[,rid~

e

c'orro]

the

-~per

as

indicates

states

[f1311~, [ ; o d . ~

France

q(atterlng

angular

microscop,c

by

b~'en

Ihrr,

lrurlcallon~

exrltatlons

state

(e. e ' )

fact t,~ I

as

1"

fuudam,~ntal

nut le,lr

lsosptn

have a

the

hr, o r b l

also

kind

,~

for

discusscd

same

~,
by

method

was

have

of

I

caused

]~,ox,,ctor

they

offer

sur(essful

dl,ted

I

that

from

A'~

lhe

found

d,'formed

o'~am

to

f~r,d

~lates

are

t,o,nlr'd by

evl

(,ut~

h~>

~on

~.tat~ s

A Anma I Summary of the symposium

||,]mamoto be

found

in

high

j

by

thal

the

high

[BFM, by

I "~as can

v~ry

he

can

f~nd

me,to

1

('laud

much

fa¢ tors

b>

emlng

very

I he

by l

quast-elast~c Gaarde.

It peak

the

shell

ho~ l

to

do

and

I~

of

the

know

lhose

relative

throe

q~Jark`;,

'-;I] (3)

,tr, a l o g

grit(

s

the

optt(al ~hto

~t,o

differed,re. than

~'f

very

lie

of

lh,.

"~pe~tr.),,ct)pt~.

llut,or',.

qllenchtrlg

I

(.T

c(~lIl{llOtl

am,

13R

h,,w(ver,

`;per tro~coplc

on

cauqed

r, n s

l ighl

by

nucl~

i

,na(cura(}

~s

`;uch Ir)

rttl( l o t

obtained

~e

~a)~

,e~y

b.~

`;tu,t5

pie(

of

peaks

and

very

curious much

on

\.~r.a ,,fleets

been

tlovo 1oped

propertJt

stales

why

lhe

[,¢'-

1~,~ l y .

nuclear

/N h o l e

,~ro

exottt

I me t h o d `; h a v e

aspects

so

] Ight

III

lho~,e

Then

current`;

concept

`;ceres

hadrons

aq

must

to

the

':,

for

,~.~ , t ~ ` ; e u ~ , s e d to a n d

reacttons,

tlerman states

~2 a n d

of tile

of

two

Fe`;hba~h ~n

to

be

,t~scu`;~ed

confess

define

motion

~nteractlons~ belween

D(

It'

report.

taking

,t~¢'rx. h ) ) ) g ' ,

,;colT1

fur]ct

properties

be

feren
th,~l

~t)(l,

the`;

depend

how

of

breaking

I.

e×pe r tnlenta

however,

calculate

not

found

q

of

~ e

the

(e, 0 ' 5

t)

model

~tru~turo

] lp]zln.

~, a'~,

energtes

fnund

examt, le

new

by

The

if

method.

t lille

(~lle,

f.,arttclo

and

wave

providing

(p, e' ) a n d

of

Tokyo

(h.rough

potential

(e, o' t ' ) r e a ~ t l o n

exchange

quast-ola~,t~c

Mahaux'7

Cor)~,Jdc, r ing

thai,

the

for

o,
,n

calculatlr~rts.

Carlo

name

much

al

between

model

large

wonder

fable,

,Rq m r ~ , ; o n &l

a

acturate

Mento

su(h

behav,or

lrarlSltlr~n`;

by

tlon

a~,~

t,vnal

";lnallo~

Gaarde

t~O.

Nf, w v~ r y

simltar

(;laud

Pandt~arlpa)tde

Carl

observed

rea(

can

alignment et

difference

`;ingle

much

factor',

~zc a n d

the shell

eleetrtc

v{~ry

by

tile

bettor

much

puzzled

nuclear

shape

Yoshlda

(ontrlbutlons

Vtjay

and

dlscus`;ed

lrlaxla]

rotational

• very

well

and

much

,,~,

w~ t b

with

impressed

very

,,lid

magnott,

`;tale`;

predicts

dt`;t>ers~ve

llF

stale~

B(E2,I-'I-I)

too~

potential

account

as

spin

thal

Hamamoto.

explain

model

out

ob`;erving

predicted

He

pointed

307c

hy[,( t

which nuc]e-n~,~

for

useful b3

that

to

Eob

t

laff,,

';till

do

relativists, center nucleon~

mass

rach

,-onv~ntod

u~

e~ample are

strong

~n

systems

t h r , ',~ q u a r k s

~h~ch

th,~i

po~),t

gtve

[larr:,

l.no,~

bed3

of of

ll,',

and rl,~t

m,~r,.~ (,f

l,u< l e ~

un,letqta,~d

the

~s

(h,,r,' ~

(an

that

mas`;

d~ag,~,l

made

SU (3)

d~fln,~tr,x

A Artma I Summary of the sympostum

308c

olemor, t,

bul

q'hl';

~eal-

that

morons lie

th(, are

the

is

told

qtart

th~

Jon~ lhc

from

a

few

that

ef

ant

p~,r,

correctlolls rents

tn

'Fhe

as

are

';oen.

* xnmpI, .Jm-Unls

Gainaw "D'] [ o r oth,.,

Erlt~gon

ef

h ,~

furlr

For

and

targ,

e,((h,~nge

ostlniatxons

order

1,

~,~;<,

l}

for

lhat

i~,

l~vo IIHI le+,n'.

m{~HIr'rt{~

the

~,a3q

I,,1+ l,,~l,:

~q ma,,l,¢,l

tn

same

thai

of

those

magnitudes

a~

~

,ur lets+

th~

quark

t.

effo(

Igal from

Tahni

ht~

called

reviewed

o~n

point

Ferniion ~n

d~s~ussed starting

model.

th~s

is

As

broken

be(ause

unique

partty

~art

P~tiel

apply

a

ln;~thertl,~tl(a]

because future

of

We h a ~ e

into

physics nu( lear

( ross

made

t~

this to

ac
area

I m~an

espo(

(llergleq~

are

~

d,

,,,nfigu in

th<

effects. llaxlon

and

nuclear

h~s~
we m u s t

~ally life

,J

deg, n~,r+~t-d

re'tut',"

rnntJirlOt]

tho~e

wh,~te

rt~l

i-

s}rnnotries

ne\or

~sz

W~,k

aslrol,

~a';

gen,,tal~}~,d

hov, e ~ e r ,

and

model m-d-1

~,~ ( o n ( e r a ,

,,}li'nlelrl~q

astrophysl,

phy':~cq,

bllldlrtg

ha<,~

aspe(t

hH,~

talks an

shell ,t n e ~

Rc~(g'mod+,l

lev-l'~

ns

the

there • By

s

practt~o,

hOW lnt.ich

taking

out

collaborators

partt¢le such

1 wonder

nucl-,,r arid

single

me m e n t i o n

nucl~'ar

knowledge slates~

h~s

the

In

nuclear

",lud~l ~FDSM ~ w l i t ( h

G~no<(h~J

arid

model.

the

polnt~'d

a~

after let

of tie

Symnetry

levels

Hl~x]ngs.

f~nd

ttere

Feng far

and

FJnall~

h~stot}

conference.

a beautiful

FDSM s u r v i v e

lhe v,ew.

Dynamical thus

are

ration

of

point.

this

tlons

Errors the

effec-

V,'e l o n g this

pre,

correlations.

clouds.

an

flew el.,t.

lhlq

'N~

I,-Iw~,~n

nlagneti+

tensor

just

lh,, very

p,o~,~tbl, '

ha~,or,

aJld /'~ a d m i x t u r e s .

corrections

can

lille]oar

effect,

such

t ut,e

(|Uealk5

as means

Ill

no m e a n q

o|)t,;iln

q u a z k ~, In

|l,Jrlglllg

by

olneg~

plon

fundamental

But

pointed

and of

approach

even

deftnttely gun.

(,.rio ( a l l

,,f

-\,

lrans~t~onq.

tn

rh,J

A'--1GeV. T h i s

sur~elVOS

~wt

Gorr~

made

exchange

¢~31) I~+ d e s ,

if

effocl

eff,'~,t

to

QC,D

Br0~n

era.

almost

to momenta

smoking

Gerry

(~D

sngma,

are

boron

up

from

the

nucleon,

physics

that the

bol +or,

~ith

of

the

valid

us <,f

shollld

ever.

that

nuclear

sight

~,e

radii

on.+,.

heard

deal

02-0. 5 f l r ~ . T h e y

also

theory

just

to

quark

traditional Denys

ho~

small

claimed

tive

dnagonal

n t + ~ r n l n g , ~,e h a v ~

D,'n3~ Wilkinson out

non

In

th+' tllll~'g

Stu

ptiyst,s In

,r,ler

tmpro;~ equ,~t~on

of

Io

our of

; ' , I t LOI.lq

trangt

sections. a

great

progres

~, t n

nuclear

physics.

VG,

how

A Arlma I Summary of the symposium

over,

illll~t

improve

action

mechanism~

quark9

in

betwnen shell

model

and

nuclear Do

to

nuclei.

the

not

those

IlllC ]

e

1

~'l~owledge

order

We m o s t

quark 1~

our tn

level

~,tJll

to

of

stud:y

r~uclear th~

importantly and

playing

the a

Stru(

role

mu~t

nuclear ke~

309c

role

of

l, u r ~' a r i d me~n~

constru,

level.

Th;,

In

~lud3

{hr~

t

re

and a

t r 1¢]g~,

nu, lear of

nuclei

matter. leave qnestlons

nuclear and

ph:ys]cs un.terstand

before

we

cl~,arl~

are

sure

the

'~lrllftur,

In

nlt~,~¢r,r of