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Super large triaxial compression tests on reinforced sand with high strength geogrid
246A WPT results and the relation between WPT values and grout takes are discussed. Effects of hydraulic fracturing and the definition of 'adequate" grouting pressure are examined. The individual groutability of rocks is considered and a tolerable permeability value in terms of WPT values and rates of impermeabilisadon investigated. Important geological and hydraulic features for assessing grouting programs are summarised.
Reinforced earth See also: 924105
924318 Measuring inherent load-extension properties of geotextiles for design of reinforced structures Wu, J H T Geotech Test J VI4, N2, June 1991, P157-165 A review and evaluation of current methods of testing geotextiles subject to confining pressure is presented. A method, the confined element method,is proposed which uses a modified triaxial cell and is without many of the drawbacks of conventional test methods. The load-extension properties are inherent confined properties of the geotextil¢, not reliant on interface slippage to allow extension of the textile. The test simulates characteristic operational conditions and gives conservative values if soil-textile interface slip occurs.
924319 Some soil and reinforcement parameters for design Fannin, R J; Hermann, S Norw Geotech last Publ NI81, March 1991, 4P A 20m long, 4.8m high steep slope was constructed using cohesionless soil and polymer grid reinforcement at two different arrangements of length and spacing. The slope was subject to self-weight load, one cycle of surcharge load, and constant surcharge load. Reinforcement stress and strain, soil strain, and earth pressure were monitored. Back analysis indicates measured forces are consistent with classical values of coefficient of active earth pressure determined for apparent plane strain angle of soil friction. Indicated values of soil stiffness are similar to reported laboratory measurements.
924320 Direct shear and pullout frictional resistance at the geotextilemud interface Garbulewski, K Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-1 June 1990 I/2, P737-742. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1990 Geotextile reinforcement has been suggested for embankment foundations of very soft mud to 10m, for a land reclamation project in Poland. Direct shear tests and pullout tests using a modified triaxial cell were used to characterise the frictional resistance of the geotextile/mud interface. The latter test gave values some 30% lower than those from the former. Undrained stability analysis using these values is also presented.
924321 Large scale puB-out tests on gcotextiles and geogrids Palmeira, E M; Milligan, G W E Proc 4tk International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-1 June 1990 V2, P743-746. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Pullout tests were carried out in a specially designed pullout box capable of holding ! cubic metre soil samples. Leighton Buzzard sand and polymer and metal grids and woven geotextiles were used. Progressive failure was seen in all cases. Reinforcement type and stiffness influence failure behaviour. Where two lengths of reinforcement were used, interference between them was not important. To predict the stresses and strains of polymeric reinforcement, it is necessary to know its load-time-temperature behaviour. 924322 Observations of photo-elastic pullout tests on geotextiles and geogrids Milligan, G W E; Earl, R F; Bush, D I Proc 4tk International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 V2, P747-751. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 In order to simulate the patterns of stress in a reinforced granular soil,pullout tests were carried out with a substitute soil material of crushed glass, immersed in liquid paraffin of the same refractive index to make the system transparent. Stress patterns were observed using photoelastic techniques for two grids and a woven geotextile over a range of pullout forces. The different modes of interaction for the different reinforcing media were clearly evident. 924323 Improving design through use of in-soil testing Fourie, A B; Bentley, N G; Fabian, K Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 I/2, P753-758. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Although the properties of geosynthetic materials are well characterised, in-soil testing is vital to enable the behaviour of the soil/geosynthetic composite to be predicted. Results from three laboratory investigations illustrating this are presented. The first described reinforced retaining walls of cohesive materials. Where reinforcement permeability was low, full undrained shear strength was not developed at the interface due to pore pressure buildup. The effect of geotextile and drainage pipe type on performance of geotextile wrapped drains, and soil-geotextile interaction beneath an arrnourstone layer for erosion control are also described. 924324 Super large triaxial compression tests on reinforced sand with
high strength geogrid Futaki, M; Suzuki, H; Yamato, S Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 V2, P759-764. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Triaxial compression tests were carried out on saturated samples of river sand, 2.4m high by 1.6m diameter, reinforced with layers of geogrid oriented at 90 deg to the major principal stress. The influences of shape,strength, and nature of the grid and of confining pressure on stress strain behaviour were investigated. Results are compared to theoretical analyses.
© 1992 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted
Reinforced earth See also: 924105
924318 Measuring inherent load-extension properties of geotextiles for design of reinforced structures Wu, J H T Geotech Test J VI4, N2, June 1991, P157-165 A review and evaluation of current methods of testing geotextiles subject to confining pressure is presented. A method, the confined element method,is proposed which uses a modified triaxial cell and is without many of the drawbacks of conventional test methods. The load-extension properties are inherent confined properties of the geotextil¢, not reliant on interface slippage to allow extension of the textile. The test simulates characteristic operational conditions and gives conservative values if soil-textile interface slip occurs.
924319 Some soil and reinforcement parameters for design Fannin, R J; Hermann, S Norw Geotech last Publ NI81, March 1991, 4P A 20m long, 4.8m high steep slope was constructed using cohesionless soil and polymer grid reinforcement at two different arrangements of length and spacing. The slope was subject to self-weight load, one cycle of surcharge load, and constant surcharge load. Reinforcement stress and strain, soil strain, and earth pressure were monitored. Back analysis indicates measured forces are consistent with classical values of coefficient of active earth pressure determined for apparent plane strain angle of soil friction. Indicated values of soil stiffness are similar to reported laboratory measurements.
924320 Direct shear and pullout frictional resistance at the geotextilemud interface Garbulewski, K Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-1 June 1990 I/2, P737-742. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema. 1990 Geotextile reinforcement has been suggested for embankment foundations of very soft mud to 10m, for a land reclamation project in Poland. Direct shear tests and pullout tests using a modified triaxial cell were used to characterise the frictional resistance of the geotextile/mud interface. The latter test gave values some 30% lower than those from the former. Undrained stability analysis using these values is also presented.
924321 Large scale puB-out tests on gcotextiles and geogrids Palmeira, E M; Milligan, G W E Proc 4tk International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-1 June 1990 V2, P743-746. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Pullout tests were carried out in a specially designed pullout box capable of holding ! cubic metre soil samples. Leighton Buzzard sand and polymer and metal grids and woven geotextiles were used. Progressive failure was seen in all cases. Reinforcement type and stiffness influence failure behaviour. Where two lengths of reinforcement were used, interference between them was not important. To predict the stresses and strains of polymeric reinforcement, it is necessary to know its load-time-temperature behaviour. 924322 Observations of photo-elastic pullout tests on geotextiles and geogrids Milligan, G W E; Earl, R F; Bush, D I Proc 4tk International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 V2, P747-751. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 In order to simulate the patterns of stress in a reinforced granular soil,pullout tests were carried out with a substitute soil material of crushed glass, immersed in liquid paraffin of the same refractive index to make the system transparent. Stress patterns were observed using photoelastic techniques for two grids and a woven geotextile over a range of pullout forces. The different modes of interaction for the different reinforcing media were clearly evident. 924323 Improving design through use of in-soil testing Fourie, A B; Bentley, N G; Fabian, K Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 I/2, P753-758. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Although the properties of geosynthetic materials are well characterised, in-soil testing is vital to enable the behaviour of the soil/geosynthetic composite to be predicted. Results from three laboratory investigations illustrating this are presented. The first described reinforced retaining walls of cohesive materials. Where reinforcement permeability was low, full undrained shear strength was not developed at the interface due to pore pressure buildup. The effect of geotextile and drainage pipe type on performance of geotextile wrapped drains, and soil-geotextile interaction beneath an arrnourstone layer for erosion control are also described. 924324 Super large triaxial compression tests on reinforced sand with
high strength geogrid Futaki, M; Suzuki, H; Yamato, S Proc 4th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products, The Hague, 28 May-I June 1990 V2, P759-764. Publ Rotterdam: A A Balkema, 1990 Triaxial compression tests were carried out on saturated samples of river sand, 2.4m high by 1.6m diameter, reinforced with layers of geogrid oriented at 90 deg to the major principal stress. The influences of shape,strength, and nature of the grid and of confining pressure on stress strain behaviour were investigated. Results are compared to theoretical analyses.
© 1992 Pergamon Press Ltd. Reproduction not permitted