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Symposium on rheology at interfaces
:~ymposium on Rheology at Interfaces INTRODUCTION
The series of papers on surface rheology which are presented in this issue are the fruit of a symposium organized for the 160th meeting of the American Chemical Society in Chicago, Illinois, 1970. The most ancient observations on the effect of thin surface films upon fluid motion go back to their well-known ability to damp out capillary ripples, and Plutarch, the Venerable Bede, and Benjamin Franklin have commented upon this phenomenon. Scientific experimentation cannot be said to have begun, however, until the work of Plateau in 1869, who noted that the damping of the oscillations of a needle thrust into a fluid interface were greater than could be accounted for by bulk fluid properties alone. Since that time scientists of the caliber of Rayleigh, Boussinesq, Langmuir, Rideal, and Harkins have concerned themselves with the theology of surface films. More recent contributors have included Joly, Seriven, Lueassen, Levich, van den Temple, and the contributors to this symposium. A characteristic of the modern work, which was missing in the old, is a careful attention to the coupling of the fluid flow in the surface
Copyright @ 1971 by Academic Press, Inc.
film to that in the bulk substrate. Alt of the papers in this series show a deep concern for this problem, a fundamental issue which must be resolved if we are to have a deeper understanding of transport properties across phase boundaries. The excess properties of fluid phase boundaries at equilibrium have been correctly described phenomenologically since the time of Willard Gibbs, but there is at the present time no agreement as to how these excess properties should be defined for fluids in motion. The work described in these papers represents early attempts to find the proper formalism and to test it experimentally. Coming at a time when the importance of transport properties across molecular membranes has been reeognized as a major factor in the metabolism of biological systems, we may hope that this work will eventually yield results of practical importance to the biologist and engineer as well as of intellectual satisfaction to the theorist.
F. C. GOODRICH Symposium Chairman
Clarkson College of Technology Potsdam, New York 13676
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 37, No. 1, September i971
The series of papers on surface rheology which are presented in this issue are the fruit of a symposium organized for the 160th meeting of the American Chemical Society in Chicago, Illinois, 1970. The most ancient observations on the effect of thin surface films upon fluid motion go back to their well-known ability to damp out capillary ripples, and Plutarch, the Venerable Bede, and Benjamin Franklin have commented upon this phenomenon. Scientific experimentation cannot be said to have begun, however, until the work of Plateau in 1869, who noted that the damping of the oscillations of a needle thrust into a fluid interface were greater than could be accounted for by bulk fluid properties alone. Since that time scientists of the caliber of Rayleigh, Boussinesq, Langmuir, Rideal, and Harkins have concerned themselves with the theology of surface films. More recent contributors have included Joly, Seriven, Lueassen, Levich, van den Temple, and the contributors to this symposium. A characteristic of the modern work, which was missing in the old, is a careful attention to the coupling of the fluid flow in the surface
Copyright @ 1971 by Academic Press, Inc.
film to that in the bulk substrate. Alt of the papers in this series show a deep concern for this problem, a fundamental issue which must be resolved if we are to have a deeper understanding of transport properties across phase boundaries. The excess properties of fluid phase boundaries at equilibrium have been correctly described phenomenologically since the time of Willard Gibbs, but there is at the present time no agreement as to how these excess properties should be defined for fluids in motion. The work described in these papers represents early attempts to find the proper formalism and to test it experimentally. Coming at a time when the importance of transport properties across molecular membranes has been reeognized as a major factor in the metabolism of biological systems, we may hope that this work will eventually yield results of practical importance to the biologist and engineer as well as of intellectual satisfaction to the theorist.
F. C. GOODRICH Symposium Chairman
Clarkson College of Technology Potsdam, New York 13676
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 37, No. 1, September i971